Table Of ContentSTUDIES OF THE AMERICAS
edited by
Maxine Molyneux
Institute of the Americas
University College London
Titles in this series include cross-disciplinary and comparative research on the United
States, Latin America, the Caribbean, and Canada, particularly in the areas of p olitics,
economics, history, anthropology, sociology, development, gender, social policy, and
the environment. The series publishes edited collections, which allow exploration of a
topic from several different disciplinary angles by eminent scholars, and book-length
studies, which provide a deeper focus on a single topic.
Titles in this series published by Palgrave Macmillan:
Cuba’s Military 1990–2005: Revolutionary Soldiers during
Counter-Revolutionary Times
By Hal Klepak
The Judicialization of Politics in Latin America
Edited by Rachel Sieder, Line Schjolden, and Alan Angell
Latin America: A New Interpretation
By Laurence Whitehead
Appropriation as Practice: Art and Identity in Argentina
By Arnd Schneider
America and Enlightenment Constitutionalism
Edited by Gary L. McDowell and Johnathan O’Neill
Vargas and Brazil: New Perspectives
Edited by Jens R. Hentschke
When Was Latin America Modern?
Edited by Nicola Miller and Stephen Hart
Debating Cuban Exceptionalism
Edited by Bert Hoffman and Laurence Whitehead
Caribbean Land and Development Revisited
Edited by Jean Besson and Janet Momsen
Cultures of the Lusophone Black Atlantic
Edited by Nancy Priscilla Naro, Roger Sansi-Roca, and David H. Treece
Democratization, Development, and Legality: Chile, 1831–1973
By Julio Faundez
The Hispanic World and American Intellectual Life, 1820–1880
By Iv án Jaksic´
The Role of Mexico’s Plural i n Latin American Literary and Political
Culture: From Tlatelolco to the “Philanthropic Ogre”
By John King
Faith and Impiety in Revolutionary Mexico
Edited by Matthew Butler
Reinventing Modernity in Latin America: Intellectuals Imagine the Future,
1900–1930
By Nicola Miller
The Republican Party and Immigration Politics: From Proposition 187 to
George W. Bush
By Andrew Wroe
The Political Economy of Hemispheric Integration: Responding to Globalization
in the Americas
Edited by Diego S án chez-Ancochea and Kenneth C. Shadlen
Ronald Reagan and the 1980s: Perceptions, Policies, Legacies
Edited by Cheryl Hudson and Gareth Davies
Wellbeing and Development in Peru: Local and Universal Views Confronted
Edited by James Copestake
The Federal Nation: Perspectives on American Federalism
Edited by Iwan W. Morgan and Philip J. Davies
Base Colonies in the Western Hemisphere, 1940–1967
By Steven High
Beyond Neoliberalism in Latin America? Societies and Politics at the Crossroads
Edited by John Burdick, Philip Oxhorn, and Kenneth M. Roberts
Visual Synergies in Fiction and Documentary Film from Latin America
Edited by Miriam Haddu and Joanna Page
Cuban Medical Internationalism: Origins, Evolution, and Goals
By John M. Kirk and H. Michael Erisman
Governance after Neoliberalism in Latin America
Edited by Jean Grugel and P í a Riggirozzi
Modern Poetics and Hemispheric American Cultural Studies
By Justin Read
Youth Violence in Latin America: Gangs and Juvenile Justice in Perspective
Edited by Gareth A. Jones and Dennis Rodgers
The Origins of Mercosur
By Gian Luca Gardini
Belize’s Independence & Decolonization in Latin America: Guatemala,
Britain, and the UN
By Assad Shoman
Post-Colonial Trinidad: An Ethnographic Journal
By Colin Clarke and Gillian Clarke
The Nitrate King: A Biography of “Colonel” John Thomas North
By William Edmundson
Negotiating the Free Trade Area of the Americas
By Zuleika Arashiro
History and Language in the Andes
Edited by Paul Heggarty and Adrian J. Pearce
Cross-Border Migration among Latin Americans:
European Perspectives and Beyond
Edited by Cathy McIlwaine
Native American Adoption, Captivity, and Slavery in Changing Contexts
Edited by Max Carocci and Stephanie Pratt
Struggle for Power in Post-Independence Colombia and Venezuela
By Matthew Brown
Taxation and Society in Twentieth-Century Argentina
By Jos é Antonio Sá n chez Romá n
Mexico’s Struggle for Public Security: Organized Crime and State Responses
Edited by George Philip and Susana Berruecos
Ra ú l Castro and Cuba: A Military Story
By Hal Klepak
New Political Spaces in Latin American Natural Resource Governance
Edited by Hå v ard Haarstad
Politics and Power in Haiti
Edited by Kate Quinn and Paul Sutton
Citizenship and Political Violence in Peru: An Andean Town, 1870s–1970s
By Fiona Wilson
Aesthetics and Politics in the Mexican Film Industry
By Misha MacLaird
Reconfiguring the Union: Civil War Transformations
Edited by Iwan W. Morgan and Philip John Davies
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Reconfiguring the Union
Civil War Transformations
Edited by
Iwan W. Morgan and
Philip John Davies
RECONFIGURING THE UNION
Copyright © Iwan W. Morgan and Philip John Davies, 2013.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2013 978-1-137-33647-7
All rights reserved.
First published in 2013 by
PALGRAVE MACMILLAN®
in the United States—a division of St. Martin’s Press LLC,
175 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10010.
Where this book is distributed in the UK, Europe and the rest of the world,
this is by Palgrave Macmillan, a division of Macmillan Publishers Limited,
registered in England, company number 785998, of Houndmills,
Basingstoke, Hampshire RG21 6XS.
Palgrave Macmillan is the global academic imprint of the above companies
and has companies and representatives throughout the world.
Palgrave® and Macmillan® are registered trademarks in the United States,
the United Kingdom, Europe and other countries.
ISBN 978-1-349-46350-3 ISBN 978-1-137-33648-4 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9781137336484
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available from the
Library of Congress.
A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library.
Design by Newgen Knowledge Works (P) Ltd., Chennai, India.
First edition: August 2013
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
Preface i x
Chapter 1
Reconfiguring the Union: A Long History of Civil War
Transformations 1
Iwan W. Morgan
Chapter 2
Lincoln and Emancipation: The Lessons of the Letter to
Horace Greeley 21
Richard Carwardine
Chapter 3
Conservatism, Transformation, and the War for the Union 41
Adam I. P. Smith
Chapter 4
Freedpeople, Politics, and the State in Civil War America 59
Erik Mathisen
Chapter 5
The Military Significance of the 1864 Presidential Election 77
Brian Holden Reid
Chapter 6
“In Union There Is Strength”: City-Building and
Nation-Building in Civil War–Era Philadelphia, 1844–1865 101
Andrew Heath
Chapter 7
“There Will Be Blood”: The Civil War and the Birth
of the Oil Industry 125
Matthew Shaw
viii CONTENTS
Chapter 8
“Faugh a Ballagh!” (Clear the Way): The Irish and
the American Civil War 1 43
David T. Gleeson
Chapter 9
Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamation: A Propaganda
Tool for the Enemy? 163
Amanda Foreman
Chapter 10
Ordeal of the Union: Allan Nevins, the Civil War
Centennial, and the Civil Rights Struggle of the 1960s 181
Robert Cook
Chapter 11
Glory, Glory: Hollywood’s Consensus Memory of
the American Civil War 201
Jenny Barrett
Notes on Contributors 221
Index 223
Preface
T
his volume considers the reconfiguration in the meaning of the
American Union as a result of the Civil War. The contributors exam-
ine the transformations it wrought, their variable scope, their inter-
national and transnational dimensions, and the role of memory in
determining their meaning. The chapters that follow make no claim
to being a comprehensive account of Civil War–related change in the
Union either singly in their area of focus or in their aggregate. What
they do purport to offer are nuanced insights into the most transfor-
mative episode in America’s history that can help understanding of its
significance for the making of the modern United States.
Iwan Morgan, Reconfiguring the Union: A Long History of Civil
War Transformations offers a long-term evaluation of the Civil War–
induced changes in the meaning and nature of the Union. He consid-
ers their significance for: the right of secession, the supremacy of the
national government over the states, the recalibration of the regional
balance of power within the Union, the ending of slavery and the
extension of citizen rights to emancipated African Americans, and the
emergence of a new American nationalism. After initial examination
of the antebellum understanding of these issues, he shows how the
transformations wrought by the Civil War were variable in their scope
and impact on America’s development thereafter.
Richard Carwardine, Lincoln and Emancipation: The Lessons of
the Letter to Horace Greeley , examines the issue that ultimately trans-
formed the conflict for the North from a war to preserve the Union
into a war to do so on the basis of ending slavery in the United
States. His chapter focuses on Lincoln’s public letter of August 22,
1862, to New York Tribune editor Horace Greeley. In contrast to his-
torians who consider him a pragmatist, Carwardine argues instead
that the president’s concept of Union had always been deeply moral.
His analysis of the Greeley letter therefore finds ample evidence
of Lincoln’s dedication to a new Union based on the old values of
