Receptors of Cell Adhesion and Cellular Recognition

337 Pages·1996·20.35 MB·English

by  A.G. Lee (Eds.)

BiOMEMBRANES
A Multi-Volume Treatise
Volumes • 1996
RECEPTORS OF CELL ADHESION
AND CELLULAR RECOGNITION
This Page Intentionally Left Blank
BIOMEMBRANES
A Multi-Volume Treatise
RECEPTORS OF CELL ADHESION
AND CELLULAR RECOGNITION
Editor. A.G.LEE
Department of Biochemistry
University of Southampton
Southampton, England
VOLUME 3 • 1996
(jSItt) JAI PRESS INC.
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ISBN: 1-55938-660-6
Manufactured in the United States of America
CONTENTS
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS vii
PREFACE
A.G. Lee ix
MOLECULES OF CELL ADHESION AND
RECOGNITION: AN OVERVIEW
Randall Marsh and Robert Brackenbury 1
CELL RECOGNITION MOLECULES OF THE
IMMUNOGLOBULIN SUPERFAMILY IN THE
NERVOUS SYSTEM
Georgi Gegelashvili and Elisabeth Bock 33
THE T CELL RECEPTOR
Carol Morgan and John D. Fraser 77
THE MAJOR PRESENTATION AND
HISTOCOMPATIBILITY COMPLEX
J. Colombani 105
CADHERINS: A REVIEW OF STRUCTURE AND
FUNCTION
Julie Wall is, Robert Moore, 127
Paul Smith, and Frank S. Walsh
THE INTEGRIN FAMILY
Ron D. Bowditch and Randall J. Faull 159
THE SELECTIN FAMILY
Mark A. Jutila 183
vi CONTENTS
THE CD44 FAMILY OF CELL ADHESION
MOLECULES: FUNCTIONAL ASPECTS
Charles B. Underbill 205
MEMBRANE-ASSOCIATED MUCINS
Hans L Vos, Jelle Wesseling, and John Milkens 219
PLATELET MEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEINS
Kenneth j. Clemetson 231
IMMUNOGLOBULIN Fc RECEPTORS: DIVERSITY,
STRUCTURE, AND FUNCTION
P. Mark Hogarth and Mark D. Hulett 269
INDEX 315
LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
Robert Brackenbury Department of Cell Biology,
Neurobiology, and Anatomy
University of Cincinnati Medical Center
Elisabeth Bock Protein Laboratory
University of Copenhagen
Ron D. Bowditch The Scripps Research Institute
Lajolla, California
Kenneth J. Clemetson Theodor Kocher Institut
Bern, Switzerland
J. Colombani Laboratoire Universitaire d'Immunologie
et d'Histocompatibilite
Institut d'Hematologie
Hopital Saint-Louis, Paris
Randall j. Faull The Scripps Research Institute
Lajolla, California
John D. Fraser Department of Molecular Medicine
University of Auckland School of
Medicine
Auckland, New Zealand
Ceorgi Gegelashvili Protein Laboratory
University of Copenhagen
John Milkens Division of Tumor Biology
Netherlands Cancer Institute
P. Mark Hogarth Austin Research Institute
Austin Hospital
Victoria, Australia
VIII LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS
Carol Morgan Department of Health, Science, and
Technology
UNITEC Institute of Technology
Auckland, New Zealand
Mark D. Hulett Austin Research Institute
Austin Hospital
Victoria, Australia
Mark A. Jutila Veterinary Molecular Biology
Montana State University
Randall Marsh Department of Cell Biology,
Neurobiology, and Anatomy
University of Cincinnati Medical Center
Robert Moore Department of Experimental Pathology
Guy's Hospital, London
Paul Smith Department of Experimental Pathology
Guy's Hospital, London
Charles B. Underhill Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology
Georgetown University Medical Center
Hans L. Vos Division of Tumor Biology
Netherlands Cancer Institute
Frank S. Walsh Department of Experimental Pathology
Guy's Hospital, London
Julie Wallis Department of Experimental Pathology
Guy's Hospital, London
Jelle Wesseling Division of Tumor Biology
Netherlands Cancer Institute
PREFACE
The quantity of information available about membrane proteins is now too large
for any one person to be familiar with anything but a very small part of the primary
literature. A series of volumes concentrating on molecular aspects of biological
membranes therefore seems timely. The hope is that, when complete, these volumes
will provide a convenient introduction to the study of a wide range of membrane
functions.
Volume 3 of Biomembranes covers receptors of cell adhesion and cellular
recognition. Proteins in the plasma membrane of cells are heavily involved in
processes of cell adhesion, but such proteins were not actually isolated and
characterized until the mid-1970s. Since then, application of the methods of
molecular biology has led to the recognition of four major classes of cell adhesion
molecule (CAMs), the immunoglobulin superfamily, the cadherins, the integrins,
and the selectins. A convenient system in which to study the importance of cell
adhesion is in blood platelets where aggregation eventually leads to thrombus
formation in a process involving a range of surface glycoproteins. Interaction with
the extracellular matrix is exemplified by CD44, the receptor for hyaluronan, a
complex carbohydrate that is a major component of the extracellular matrix
surrounding migrating and proliferating cells. Membrane-associated mucins have
a variety of effects on cell adhesion. The superfamily of immunoglobulin related
proteins also include the T cell receptors and the major histocompatibility complex
(MHC), which, together with the receptors for immunoglobulins (the Fc receptors),