Recent Developments in Alcoholism: Alcohol and Cocaine Similarities and Differences Clinical Pathology Psychosocial Factors and Treatment Pharmacology and Biochemistry Medical Complications

402 Pages·1992·10.87 MB·English

by  Hari Khalsa

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN
ALCOHOLISM
VOLUME 10
ALCOHOL AND COCAINE
Similarities and Differences
RECENT
DEVELOPMENTS IN
Edited by
MARC GALANTER
New York University School of Medicine
New York. New York
Associate Editors
HENRI BEGLEITER, RICHARD DEITRICH,
DONALD GALLANT, DONALD GOODWIN,
EDWARD GOTTHEIL, ALFONSO PAREDES,
MARCUS ROTHSCHILD, and DAVID VAN THIEL
Assistant Editor
LAUREN BRIER
An Official Publication of the American Society of Addiction Medicine
and the Research Society on Alcoholism.
This series was founded by the National Council on Alcoholism.
ALCOHOLISM
VOLUME 10
ALCOHOL AND COCAINE
Similarities and Differences
Clinical Pathology
Psychosocial Factors and Treatment
Pharmacology and Biochemistry
Medical Complications
SPRINGER SCIENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA, LLC
The Library of Congress has cataloged this work as follows:
Recent developments in alcoholism: an official publication of the American Medical Soci-
ety on Alcoholism, and the Research Society on Alcoholism, and the National Council on
Alcoholism—Vol. 1- —New York: Plenum Press, cl983-
v.: ill.; 25 cm.
Cataloging in publication.
Editor: Marc Galanter.
ISSN 0738-422X = Recent developments in alcoholism.
1. Alcoholism—Periodicals. I. Galanter, Marc. II. American Medical Society on Alcohol-
ism. HI. Research Society on Alcohol (U.S.) IV. National Council on Alcoholism. [DNLM:
1. Alcoholism—periodicals. Wl RElO6ÀH(P)]
HV5001.R4 616.86'1'O5—dcl9 83-643791
Library of Congress [8311] AACR2MARC-S
ISBN 978-1-4899-1650-1 ISBN 978-1-4899-1648-8 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4899-1648-8
© Springer Science+Business Media New York 1992
Originally published by Plenum Press, New York in 1992
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1992
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
Editorial Board
Chair: Chair Emeritus and Founder:
James D. Beard, Ph.D. Charles S. Ueber, M.D.
Ronald L. Alkana, Ph.D. Judith S. Gavaler, Ph.D. Mack C. Mitchell, M.D.
Irina Anokhina, Ph.D. H. Werner Goedde, M.D. Yashiko Mizoi, M.D.
Henri Begleiter, Ph.D. Consuelo Guerri, Ph.D. Roger Nordmann, M.D., Ph.D.
Stefan Borg, M.D. Anastacio M. Hoyumpa, M.D. Edward Riley~ Ph.D.
William F. Bostron, Ph.D. Hiromasa Ishii, M.D. Marcia Russell, Ph.D.
David W. Crabb, M.D. Harold Kalant, M.D., Ph.D. Mikko Salaspuro, M.D.
John Crabbe, Ph.D. Maria A. Leo, M.D. Herman H. Samson, Ph.D.
Carol C. Cunningham, Ph.D. Ting-Kai U, M.D. Steven Schenker, M.D.
Philippe A.J. De Witte, Ph.D. John M. Uttleton, Ph.D. Michael F. Sorrell, M.D.
V. Gene Erwin, Ph.D. Lawrence Lumeng, M.D. Dean J. Tuma, Ph.D.
Daniel Flavin, M.D. Roger Meyer, M.D. Don W. Walker, Ph.D.
Richard Fuller, M.D. Esteban Mezey, M.D. Sharon C. Wilsnack, Ph.D.
Research Society on Alcoholism American Society of
Addiction Medicine
President
David Van Thiel, M.D. Officers
Vice President:
President
Floyd Bloom, M.D.
Anthony B. Radcliffe, M.D.
Secretary:
President-Elect
R. Adron Harris, Ph.D.
Anne Geller, M.D.
Treasurer:
Secretary
Steven W. Leslie, Ph.D.
Jess W. Bromley, M.D.
Immediate Past President:
Treasurer
Henri Begleiter, Ph.D.
William B. Hawthorne, M.D.
Board of Directors: Immediate Past President
James Beard, Ph.D. Jasper G. Chen See, M.D.
C. Robert Ooninger, M.D.
Marc Galanter, M.D. Board of Directors
Charles S. Ueber, M.D.
Directors-at-Large
Roger Meyer, M.D.
Margaret Bean-Bayos, M.D.
LeOair Bissell, M.D.
Sheila B. Blume, M.D.
Stanley E. Gitlow, M.D.
MaX A. Schneider, M.D.
David E. Smith, M.D.
G. Douglas Talbott, M.D.
Regional Directors
Marc Galanter, M.D.
Garrett O'CoMor, M.D.
Allan Graham, M.D.
Peter D. Rogers, M.D.
LyM Hankes, M.D.
Andrea G. Barthwell, M.D.
Ken Roy, M.D.
Sandra Jo Counts, M.D.
Nady El-Guebaly, M.D.
Contributors
Arthur Alterman, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs
Medical Cente~ and Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
M. Douglas Anglin, UCLA Drug Abuse Research Center, Neuropsychiatric
Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90024
Anna Rose Childress, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, ~nd Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
Mary H. Closser, Substance Abuse rreatment Unit, Yale University School of
Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06519
Donald M. Gallant, Department of Psychiatry, Tulane University School of
Medicine and Veterans Administration Medical Center, New Orleans,
Louisiana 70112
Frank R. George, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of
Pharmacy, University of Maryland, Baltimore, Maryland 21201
David A. Gorelick, rreatment and Early Intervention Branch, Addiction Re
search Cente~ National Institute on Drug Abuse, and Department of
Psychiatry, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Mary
land 21224
Edward Gottheil, Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, Thomas
Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107
Dwight B. Heath, Department of Anthropology, Brown University, Providence,
Rhode Island 02912-1921
David S. Herzberg, Research Service, West Los Angeles Veterans Administra
tion Medical Center, Brentwood Division, Los Angeles, California 90073
Hari Khalsa, UCLA Drug Abuse Research Center, Neuropsychiatric Institute,
University of California, Los Angeles, California 90024
vii
viii Contributors
Edward J. Khantzian, Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School at the
Cambridge Hospital, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139
George F. Koob, Department of Neuropharmacology, The Scripps Research
Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
Thomas R. Kosten, Substance Abuse rreatment Unit, Yale University School of
Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06519
Michael J. Kuhar, Neuroscience Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse,
Addiction Research Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
Markku Linnoila, DICBR, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcohol
ism, Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental Health Administration (ADAMHA),
Bethesda, Maryland 20892
Alina M. McKenna, Combined Drug and Alcohol rreatment Program, West Los
Angeles Veterans Affairs Medical Center, and Department of Psychiatry,
University of California, Los Angeles, California 90024
A. Thomas McLellan, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia Veterans Affairs
Medical Center, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
Ismael Mena, Department of Radiology, UCLA School of Medicine, Harbor
UCLA Medical Cente~ Torrance, California 90509
Ricardo Mendoza, Department of Psychiatry, UCLA School of Medicine,
Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California 90509
Bruce L. Miller, Department of Neurology, UCLA School of Medicine, Harbor
UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California 90509
Koonlawee Nademanee, Department of Cardiology, Denver General Hospital,
Denver, Colorado 80204
David B. Newlin, Etiology Branch, Addiction Research Center, National Insti
tute on Drug Abuse, Baltimore, Maryland 21224-2735
Charles P. O'Brien, Department of Psychiatry, Philadelphia Veterans Mfairs
Medical Center, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104
Alfonso Paredes, Substance Abuse Program, West Los Angeles Veterans M
fairs Medical Cente~ and Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral
Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90024
Contributors ix
Joshua A. Perper, Allegheny County Coroner's Office, Departments of Pathol
ogy and Epidemiology, School of Medicine and School of Public Health,
University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15219
Mary C. Ritz, Preclinical Pharmacology Branch, National Institute on Drug
Abuse, Addiction Research Center, Baltimore, Maryland 21224
Robert J. Schneider, Harvard Community Health Plan, Braintree, Massa
chusetts 02184
Andrew E. Slaby, Fair Oaks Hospital, Summit, New Jersey 07901
Anna Taylor, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, UCLA School of
Medicine, Los Angeles, California 90024
Wanda A. Taylor, Adolescent Dual Diagnosis Unit, Fair Oaks Hospital, Sum
mit, New Jersey 07901
David H. Van Thiel, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of
Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213
Friedbert Weiss, Department of Neuropharmacology, The Scripps Research
Institute, La Jolla, California 92037
Jeffery N. Wilkins, Substance Abuse Service, West Los Angeles Veterans
Administration Medical Center, Brentwood Division, Los Angeles, Califor
nia 90073
Krystyna M. Wozniak, DICBR, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcohol
ism, Alcohol, Drug Abuse and Mental Health Administration (ADAMHA),
Bethesda, Maryland 20892
Preface
From the President of the American Society of Addiction Medicine
Recent Developments in Alcoholism (Volume 10) is a major contribution to the
literature of addiction medicine. This volume, 'ru.cohol and Cocaine: Similarities
and Differences," contains an impressive collection of chapters from the basic
research, epidemiological, and clinical research perspectives, as well as articles
that address the relative policy issues and clinical application and patient care
concerns. It also sends a message to those who would still distinguish between
alcohol and drugs, or legal and illegal drugs. In the research laboratory, in the
intentions and behavior of the user, and by the clinician, such distinctions have
never been upheld.
The first section, "Clinical Pathology," includes chapters on the role of
alcohol in cocaine dependence, dual-diagnosis empirical and developmental
humanistic approaches, and on neuroendocrine and catecholamine levels in
humans during administration and withdrawal of cocaine and alcohol, emer
gency room evaluation of cocaine-associated neuropsychiatric disorders, and
clinical and pharmacological interactions of alcohol and cocaine. These chap
ters, written by authors who are preeminent in their fields, offer a broad
perspective to both the researcher and the clinician on relevant issues in clinical
pathology. .
Section II, "Psychosocial Factors and rreatment," discusses the epidemiol
ogy and clinical characteristics of cocaine and alcohol abuse and issues regard
ing prohibition or liberalization. The section also addresses treatment concerns
from the perspective of drug conditioning and craving for alcohol and cocaine,
the psychotherapy and patient needs in the treatment of alcohol and cocaine
abuse, and the acute treatment of alcohol and cocaine emergencies. This section
is immediately relevant to patient treatment.
Section III, "Pharmacology and Biochemistry," includes chapters on neuro
pharmacology of cocaine and ethanol dependence; recent advances in phar
macological research in alcoholism, and their possible relationships to effects of
cocaine; molecular mechanisms associated with cocaine effects and possible
relationships to effects of ethanol; and developing and evaluating new treat
ments for alcoholism and cocaine dependence. As in the previous sections, the
chapters deal with the basic and clinical research issues, as well as treatment
related concerns.
The final section is "Medical Complications of Alcohol and Cocaine Abuse."
xi