Reassessing security in the South Caucasus: regional conflicts and transformation

258 Pages·2016·1.77 MB·English

by  Annie Jafalian

Reassessing Security
in the South Caucasus
Regional Conficts and Transformation
Edited by
Annie Jafalian
Reassessing secuRity in the
south caucasus
This page has been left blank intentionally
Reassessing security in the
south caucasus
Regional Conficts and Transformation
Edited by
annie Jafalian
Université Jean Moulin – CLESID, France
© Annie Jafalian 2011
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval
system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying,
recording or otherwise without the prior permission of the publisher.
Annie Jafalian has asserted her right under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act, 1988,
to be identifed as the editor of this work.
Published by
Ashgate Publishing Limited Ashgate Publishing Company
Wey Court East Suite 420
Union Road 101 Cherry Street
Farnham Burlington
Surrey, GU9 7PT VT 05401-4405
England USA
www.ashgate.com
British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Reassessing security in the south caucasus : regional
conficts and transformation.
1. Security, International--Caucasus, South. 2. Security,
International--Caucasus, South--Cross-cultural studies.
3. Caucasus, South--Politics and government--1991-
I. Jafalian, Annie.
355'.033'0475-dc22
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Jafalian, Annie.
Reassessing security in the South Caucasus : regional conficts and
transformation / by Annie Jafalian.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4094-2274-7 (hbk) -- ISBN 978-1-4094-2275-4 (ebk)
1. Security, International--Caucasus, South. 2. Caucasus,
South--Foreign relations--1991- 3. National security--Caucasus,
South--International cooperation. 4. Confict management--Caucasus,
South--International cooperation. I. Title.
JZ6009.C38J34 2011
355'.0330475--dc23
2011017894
ISBN 9781409422747 (hbk)
III
ISBN 9781409422754 (ebk)
Contents
List of Figures, Tables and Maps vii
List of Abbreviations ix
List of Contributors xi
Preface xv
Acknowledgements xvii
Introduction 1
Annie Jafalian
PART I RIsks, ThReATs And ConflICT seTTlemenT
1 Georgia-Russia Confict in August 2008: War as a Continuation
of Politics 11
Thornike Gordadze
2 Unfreezing Confict in South Ossetia: Regional and International
Implications 33
Sergey Markedonov
3 Armenia’s National Security: External Threats, Domestic Challenges 47
Richard Giragosian
4 Breaking the Deadlock: Karabakh, Nabucco and the
Madrid Principles 65
Hayk Kotanjian
PART II CooPeRATIon wITh RegIonAl neIghbouRs:
TowARd A new bAlAnCe?
5 Azerbaijan in the Changing Status Quo: Adaptation Strategies 75
Burcu Gültekin-Punsmann
6 Armenia: Managing New Opportunities for Regional Integration 91
Alexander Iskandaryan and Sergey Minasyan
vi Reassessing Security in the South Caucasus
7 Georgia’s National Security and Regional Policy after the
August 2008 War 105
Nika Chitadze
8 Changing Dynamics of Turkish Foreign and Security Policies
in the Caucasus 117
Mustafa Aydin
9 Iranian Foreign Policy towards the South Caucasus: Between
Revolutionary Ideals and Realpolitik 137
Clément Therme
PART III InTegRATIon InTo The euRAsIAn CommunITy:
TAkIng sToCk
10 Nato’s Engagement in the South Caucasus: Looking for Energy
Security or Expanding Norms and Values? 157
Pierre Jolicoeur and Frédéric Labarre
11 The European Union’s Policy in the South Caucasus: In Search of a
Strategy 177
Laure Delcour
12 Armenia’s Foreign and Security Policy: Is Complementarity
Possible? 195
Tevan Poghosyan
13 Balancing vs. Bandwagoning: Explaining Georgia’s Alignments
in Security Institutions 209
Levan Tsutskiridze
Conclusion 223
Annie Jafalian
Index 231
List of Figures, Tables and Maps
Figure
10.1 Projected Gas Pipelines to European NATO States
(UNEP/GRID-Arendal) 176
Tables
3.1 The South Caucasus: Regional Military Spending (2004-2009) 53
3.2 Armenia: Economic Growth (Annual GDP) 60
10.1 Caucasus Reserves at a Glance for 2009 (U.S. Department
of Energy) 173
10.2 NATO Countries Energy Statistics for 2009 (U.S. Department
of Energy) 174
10.3 NATO Countries Energy Statistics (Natural Gas) for 2009
(U.S. Department of Energy) 175
Maps
1 States and Borders in the Caucasus xviii
2 The Caucasus: An Energy Corridor xix
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List of Abbreviations
BTC Baku-Tbilisi-Ceyhan
BTE Baku-Tbilisi-Erzurum
CIS Commonwealth of Independent States
CSCP Caucasus Stability and Cooperation Platform
CSTO Collective Security Treaty Organisation
FSA Freedom Support Act
EAPC Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council
ECHO European Commission Humanitarian Offce
EU European Union
EUMM European Union Monitoring Mission
ENP European Neighbourhood Policy
CFE Conventional Forces in Europe
GTEP Georgian Train and Equip Program
IDP Internally Displaced Persons
INOGATE Interstate Oil and Gas Transport to Europe
IPAP Individual Partnership Action Plan
JCC Joint Control Commission
LNG Liquefed Natural Gas
MAP Membership Action Plan
NATO North Atlantic Treaty Organisation
NIS Newly Independent States
NK Nagorno-Karabakh
OSCE Organisation for Security and Cooperation in Europe
PCA Partnership and Cooperation Agreement
PfP Partnership for Peace
SCO Shanghai Cooperation Organisation
SOCAR State Oil Company of Azerbaijan Republic
TACIS Technical Assistance to the Commonwealth of Independent States
TRACECA Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia
UN United Nations
UNOMIG United Nations Observer Mission in Georgia
USSR Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
WTO World Trade Organisation