Rationalizing Korea: The Rise of the Modern State, 1894–1945

416 Pages·2015·6.524 MB·English

by  Kyung Moon Hwang

Rationalizing Korea
the rise of the modern state, 1894–1945
Kyung Moon Hwang
university of california press
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Rationalizing Korea
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Rationalizing Korea
the rise of the modern state, 1894–1945
Kyung Moon Hwang
university of california press
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University of California Press
Oakland, California
© 2016 by Th e Regents of the University of California
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Hwang, Kyung Moon.
Rationalizing Korea : the rise of the modern state, 1894–1945 / Kyung
Moon Hwang.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
isbn 978-0-520-28831-7 (cloth : alk. paper)
isbn 978-0-520-28832-4 (pbk. : alk. paper)
isbn 978-0-520-96327-6 (ebook)
1. Korea—Politics and government—1864–1910. 2. Korea—Politics
and government—1910–1945. 3. Korea—Social policy—19th century.
4. Korea—Social policy—20th century. 5. Public administration—
Korea. I. Title.
DS915.35.H84 2016
951.903—dc23 2015021601
Manufactured in the United States of America
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In keeping with a commitment to support environmentally responsible and
sustainable printing practices, UC Press has printed this book on Natures
Natural, a fi ber that contains 30% post-consumer waste and meets the minimum
requirements of ansi/niso z39.48–1992 (r 1997) (Permanence of Paper).
contents
List of Illustrations vii
Preface xi
Note on Romanization and Translations xvii
Introduction 1
part one. the structures of
state rationalization
1 State Making under Imperialism: Fragmentation and
•
Consolidation in the Central State 25
2 Th e Centrality of the Periphery: Developing
•
the Provincial and Local State 52
3 Constructing Legitimacy: Symbolic Authority
•
and Ideological Engineering 86
part two. rationalizing society
4 State and Economy: Developmentalism 119
•
5 State and Religion: Secularization and Pluralism 146
•
6 Public Schooling: Cultivating Citizenship Education 168
•
7 Population Management: Registration, Classifi cation,
•
and the Remaking of Society 195
8 Public Health and Biopolitics: Disciplining
•
through Disease Control 220
Conclusion 247
Appendices 259
Notes 269
Bibliography 349
Index 379
illustrations
map
Korea ca. 1909 xviii
figures
1. Percentages of State Revenue from Major Tax Categories,
1923–1942 38
2. Korean survey offi cial and American Raymond Krumm conducting
the Gwangmu land survey, ca. 1901 40
3. Seoul Municipal Government Headquarters and the Government-
General Headquarters, late 1920s 59
4. Governor-General Saitō on a visit to the Gapsan County
Headquarters, South Hamgyeong Province, late 1920s 60
5. Expenditures of the Government-General of Korea by Category,
1911–1943 61
6. Rate of Increase of Expenditures, 1911–1943 (yen) 61
7. Gross Fixed Capital Formation in the Public Sector 62
8. Allocation of Provincial and Local Government Expenditures 62
9. Revenue Sources for Provincial Funds, 1918–1929 63
10. Expenditures for Provincial Funds, 1918–1929 (millions of yen) 64
11. Colonial Public Employees, Ranked and Unranked 65
12. Proportion of State Employees by Large Category 66
vii