Rare-Earth Borides

912 Pages·2021·68.095 MB·English

by  Dmytro S. Inosov (editor)

Rare-Earth Borides

Rare-Earth Borides
edited by
Dmytro S. Inosov
Publishedby
JennyStanfordPublishingPte.Ltd.
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Rare-EarthBorides
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ISBN978-981-4877-56-5(Hardcover)
ISBN978-1-003-14648-3(eBook)
DOI:10.1201/9781003146483
Contents
Preface xv
1 CrystalChemistryandCrystalGrowthofRare-EarthBorides 1
NatalyaShitsevalova
1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 PrinciplesoftheMainCrystal-GrowthTechniques 9
1.2.1 TheCzochralskiMethod 9
1.2.2 TheFluxMethod 10
1.2.3 Floating-ZoneMeltingTechnique 13
1.2.4 OtherTechniques 18
1.3 Metal-RichBorides 20
1.3.1 Rare-EarthDiborides(RB ) 20
2
1.3.2 R B 35
2 5
1.4 Rare-EarthTetraborides(RB ) 43
4
1.4.1 GeneralOverview 43
1.4.2 YttriumTetraboride(YB ) 56
4
1.4.3 CeriumTetraboride(CeB ) 57
4
1.4.4 RB (R=Y,Nd,Gd–Tm,Lu) 58
4
1.5 Rare-EarthHexaborides(RB ) 63
6
1.5.1 GeneralOverview 63
1.5.2 SynopsisofRB CrystalGrowth 77
6
1.5.3 SamariumHexaboride(SmB ) 97
6
1.5.4 YtterbiumHexaboride(YbB ) 126
6
1.5.5 YttriumHexaboride(YB ) 136
6
1.5.6 BoronIsotopeEffects 142
1.6 HigherBorides 146
1.6.1 Rare-EarthDodecaborides(RB ) 146
12
1.6.2 Rare-EarthHectoborides(RB ) 177
66
1.7 ConcludingRemarks 190
vi Contents
2 ThinFilmsofRare-EarthHexaborides 245
SeunghunLee,XiaohangZhang,andIchiroTakeuchi
2.1 OverviewofRare-EarthHexaborides 246
2.2 LanthanumHexaboride(LaB ) 246
6
2.3 CeriumHexaboride(CeB ) 252
6
2.4 GadoliniumHexaboride(GdB ) 254
6
2.5 YtterbiumTetra-andHexaborides(YbB and
4
YbB ) 256
6
2.6 NeodymiumHexaboride(NdB ) 257
6
2.7 OtherHexaborides 258
2.8 SamariumHexaboride(SmB ) 260
6
2.8.1 FabricationofSmB ThinFilms 261
6
2.8.2 ProximityEffectinNb/SmB Bilayers 267
6
2.9 SuperconductivityinYttriumHexaboride(YB ) 270
6
2.10SmB /YB Thin-FilmBilayerHeterostructures 272
6 6
2.10.1Point-ContactSpectroscopyMeasurements 274
2.10.2Dirac-BTKTheory 278
2.11SummaryandPerspective 279
3 CrystalStructuresofDodecaborides:Complexityin
Simplicity 293
NadezhdaB.Bolotina,AlexanderP.Dudka,OlgaN.Khrykina,
andVladimirS.Mironov
3.1 Introduction 294
3.2 CooperativeJahn–TellerEffectasaDrivingForce
behindStructuralInstabilityinDodecaborides 298
3.3 ModelingtheDynamicsoftheDodecaborideLattice
UsingX-RayDiffractionData 306
3.4 CrystalStructure:ProblemsandResults 312
3.4.1 TheJahn–TellerDistortionsofStructural
Parameters 312
3.4.2 StructuralPeculiaritiesofDodecaborides
DifferentinIsotopicBoronComposition 314
3.4.3 FormationofChargeStripesinVoidsofthe
CrystalLattice 316
3.5 Conclusions 323
Contents vii
4 Magnetism,QuantumCriticality,andMetal–Insulator
TransitionsinRB 331
12
NikolayE.Sluchanko
4.1 Introduction 332
4.2 ElectronicBandStructureofDodecaborides 334
4.2.1 RoughEstimations 334
4.2.2 MetallicRB 335
12
4.2.3 StronglyCorrelatedSemiconductorYbB 338
12
4.3 NonmagneticReferenceCompoundLuB 342
12
4.3.1 ChargeTransport 342
4.3.2 ThermalProperties 345
4.3.3 OpticalProperties 353
4.3.4 MagnetoresistanceAnisotropyandDynamic
ChargeStripes 357
4.3.5 TheOriginofElectronandLatticeInstability
andtheEnergyScalesinLuB 359
12
4.4 MagneticDodecaboridesRB (R=Tb,Dy,Ho,Er,Tm)
12
andtheSolidSolutionsRxLu1−xB12 362
4.4.1 MagneticProperties 362
4.4.2 ElectronParamagneticResonance 363
4.4.3 ChargeTransport 364
4.4.4 ThermalConductivity 368
4.4.5 ThermalExpansionandHeatCapacity 369
4.4.6 MagneticStructure 371
4.4.7 MagneticH–T–φPhaseDiagrams 375
4.4.8 TheRootoftheComplexityofMagneticPhase
DiagramsofRB 380
12
4.4.9 QuantumCriticalBehaviorinHoB 381
12
4.5 Metal–InsulatorTransitioninYbB andSolid
12
SolutionsYbxR1−xB12(R=Lu,Tm) 382
4.5.1 Metal–InsulatorTransitioninYbB 382
12
4.5.2 Pressure-InducedInsulator-to-Metal
TransitioninYbB 395
12
4.5.3 Field-InducedInsulator-to-MetalTransitionin
YbB 396
12
4.5.4 Insulator-to-MetalTransitioninYbxR1−xB12
(R=Y,Lu,Sc,Ca,andZr) 399
viii Contents
4.5.5 Metal–InsulatorTransitioninTm1−xYbxB12 404
4.6 Conclusions 419
5 RamanSpectroscopyofMetalBorides:LatticeandElectron
Dynamics 443
YuriS.Ponosov
5.1 Introduction 443
5.2 RamanScatteringbyPhonons 445
5.2.1 Raman-ActivePhononsinHexaborides 445
5.2.2 ExtraPhononFeaturesinRamanSpectraof
Hexaborides 447
5.2.3 Anharmonicityvs.Electron–Phonon
Interaction 453
5.2.4 PhononicRamanSpectrainDodecaborides 458
5.2.5 RamanSpectroscopyofPhononsin
Tetraborides 463
5.2.6 RamanSpectraofOtherRare-EarthBorides 465
5.3 RamanScatteringbyElectronicExcitations 465
5.3.1 CrystalElectricFieldTransitions 465
5.3.2 Electron–HoleExcitations:Collision-Limited
Regime 466
5.3.3 Electron–HoleExcitations:Crossoverfrom
CleantoDirtyRegimes 469
5.3.4 Electron–InducedPhononRenormalization 476
5.4 Conclusions 479
6 NeutronSpectroscopyonRare-EarthBorides 489
PavelA.Alekseev,VladimirN.Lazukov,and
IgorP.Sadikov
6.1 SpecificsoftheNeutron-ScatteringTechniquein
CondensedMatterSpectroscopy 490
6.1.1 NeutronScatteringFunctioninRelationtothe
AtomicVibrationsandDynamicMagnetic
Susceptibility 493
6.1.2 CharacteristicFeaturesofInelasticNeutron
ScatteringwithRespecttoHeavy-Fermionand
Mixed-ValencePhenomena 501
6.2 MagneticExcitationsinHexa-andDodecaborides 505
Contents ix
6.2.1 CrystalElectricFieldEffects 505
6.2.2 HybridizationEffects:Intermediate-Valence
andKondoInsulatorSystems 510
6.2.3 ExcitationSpectraoftheIntermediate-Valence
KondoInsulatorSmB 511
6
6.2.3.1 Intermultiplettransitionsandthe
resonantmodeinthemagnetic
neutron-scatteringspectraofSmB 511
6
6.2.3.2 Themodeloftheexcitonofan
intermediateradius 517
6.2.3.3 Themagneticformfactorstudy 519
6.2.3.4 ResonantexcitonmodesattheRandX
points 521
6.2.3.5 Gd-impurityeffectonSmB 523
6
6.2.4 MagneticExcitationsintheKondoInsulator
YbB 527
12
6.2.4.1 Resonantmodeandtemperature
effects 527
6.2.4.2 Resonantmodeandimpurityeffectsin
YbB 531
12
6.3 LatticeDynamicsinRB andRB 535
6 12
6.3.1 GeneralCharacterizationoftheAtomic
VibrationalSpectraofRB andRB 537
6 12
6.3.2 Electron–PhononInteractioninRB (n=6,
n
12) 548
6.3.2.1 Intermediate-valencefeaturesofSmB
6
inelectron–phononinteraction 550
6.3.2.2 Themagnetovibrationinteractionin
YbB 556
12
6.4 Conclusions 560
7 CompetingOrderParametersinRare-EarthHexa-and
Tetraborides 575
TakeshiMatsumura
7.1 Introduction 576
7.2 ResonantandNonresonantX-RayDiffraction 580
7.2.1 NonresonantX-RayDiffraction 580
7.2.2 ResonantX-RayDiffraction 581