Rajesh A Alone (Ph.D Forestry Thesis)

322 Pages·2014·21.24 MB·English

“BIOMASS, CARBON STOCK AND CARBON SEQUESTRATION
IN AN AGE SERIES OF TEAK PLANTATION IN TROPICAL
ENVIRONMENT”

Ph.D. (Forestry) THESIS

By
RAJESH ANANDRAO ALONE

DEPARTMENT OF FORESTRY
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURE
INDIRA GANDHI KRISHI VISHWAVIDYALAYA
RAIPUR (C.G.)

2014
“BIOMASS, CARBON STOCK AND CARBON SEQUESTRATION
IN AN AGE SERIES OF TEAK PLANTATION IN TROPICAL
ENVIRONMENT”

THESIS

Submitted to the
Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Raipur

By

RAJESH ANANDRAO ALONE

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE
REQUIREMENTS FOR THE
DEGREE OF

DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY
IN
FORESTRY
Roll No. 12615 I.D. No. 130109006
JANUARY, 2014

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to offer my prime heartfelt salutations at the Lotus feet of the Supreme
Being, manifested Himself as saints Shri. Gajanan Maharaj (Shegaon), Shri. Sai Baba
(Shirdi) and Shri. Swami Samarth Maharaj (Akkalkot), for the zeal vigour, bestowed upon
me, all through the span of my studies in these testing days.
I take this golden opportunity to express my heartfelt sense of gratitude to those
who helped me to make my research possible. These words are small acknowledgement
but never fully recompensed for their great help and cooperation.
It is my privilege to offer sincere gratitude and personal regards to chairman of my
advisory committee, Dr. Lalji Singh, Professor and Head, Department of Forestry, Indira
Gandhi Krishi Vishwavidyalaya Raipur, Chhattisgarh for his encouragement, valuable
guidance and constructive criticism during the entire period of research work. I am
indebted to him for his poignant affection showered on me.
I have immense pleasure in expressing my whole hearted sense of appreciation for
the other members of my advisory committee Dr. M.N. Naugraiya, Dr. A.K. Singh and Dr.
R.K. Bajpai for providing proper guidance encouragement throughout the research work.
Without their kind cooperation it would not have been easy for me to complete this study.
With deep and heartfelt respect, I extend my appreciation to Dr. S.K. Patil, Hon’ble
Vice Chancellor, IGKV, Raipur Dr. S.S. Shaw, Director Research Services, IGKV, Raipur Dr. S.
Patel, Director Instructions, IGKV, Raipur Dr. O.P.Kashyap, Dean College of Agriculture,
IGKV, Raipur Dr. J.S. Urkurkar, Director Extension Services IGKV, Raipur and Dr. D.A.
Sarnaik, Director Student Welfare, IGKV, Raipur for extending necessary facilities to
conduct this study.
Thanks are also due to my teachers Dr. S.S. Bargali, Department of Botany, Kumaun
University, Nainital, Dr. S.L. Swamy, Guru Ghasi Das University, Bilaspur, Dr. K.N.S. Banafar
and Dr. A.K. Gauraha, Department of Agricultural Economics, IGKV, Raipur.
I am thankful to faculty members of Department of Forestry, Dr. R.K. Prajapati, Dr.
Miss. V.L. Kog and Shri. Pratap Toppo for their suggestions and kind cooperation.
I wish to express heartfull thanks to my parent organization Indian Council of
Agricultural Research for providing opportunity to me for higher study.
I record my sincere appreciation and gratefulness to Dr. S.V. Ngachan (Director,
ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Barapani), Dr. R. Bhagawati (Joint Director, ICAR
Research Complex for NEH Region, Arunachal Pradesh centre, Basar) for their valuable
suggestions, cooperation and encouragement during the course of the study.

CONTENTS

Chapters S. No. Particulars Page No.

I INTRODUCTION 1-8
II REVIEW OF LITERATURE 9-62
III MATERIALS AND METHODS 63-72
3.1 Study site 63-65
3.1.1 Geographical location and physiography 63
3.1.2 Climate 64
3.1.3 Rainfall 64
3.1.4 Temperature 64
3.1.5 Humidity 65
3.1.6 Geology 65
3.1.7 Soils 65
3.1.8 Forest types and flora 65
3.2 Experimental details 66-72
3.2.1 Sampling 66
3.2.2 Method 66
3.2.3 Phytosociological analysis 66
3.2.4 Species diversity analysis 67
3.2.5 Biomass estimation 68
3.2.6 Forest floor biomass 69
3.2.7 Litter fall 69
3.2.8 Estimation of Net Primary Productivity 69
3.2.9 Fine root biomass 70
3.2.10 Estimation of carbon stock and carbon
sequestration 70
3.2.11 Estimation of carbon stock in soil 71
3.2.12 Measurement of soil microbial biomass 71
3.2.13 Statistical analysis 72
IV RESULTS 73-136
4.1 Physico-chemical properties of soil and total
soil carbon stock 73
4.1.1 Physico-chemical properties of soil at 19 years
old teak plantation site 77
4.1.2 Physico-chemical properties of soil at 23 years
old teak plantation site 80
4.1.3 Physico-chemical properties of soil at 33 years
old teak plantation site 81
4.1.4 Estimation of total carbon stock in soil 81
4.2 Species structure and diversity in an age series
of teak plantation
4.2.1 Species structure 83-93
Chapters S. No. Particulars Page No.

4.2.1.1 Species structure of 19 years old teak 83
Plantation
4.2.1.2 Species structure of 23 years old teak 84
Plantation
4.2.1.3 Species structure of 33 years old teak 89
plantation

4.2.2 Density-GBH relationship 90
4.2.3 Species diversity 90
4.2.3.1 Species richness (d) 90
4.2.3.2 Shannon index (H′) 91

4.2.3.3 Concentration of dominance (Cd) 91
4.2.3.4 Equitability (e) 91
4.2.3.5 Beta diversity 93
4.3 Estimation of biomass pattern in an age series 93-99
of teak plantation
4.3.1 Tree biomass 93
4.3.1.1 Tree biomass of 19 years old teak plantation 94
4.3.1.2 Tree biomass of 23 years old teak plantation 94
4.3.1.3 Tree biomass of 33 years old teak plantation 98
4.3.2 Distribution pattern of biomass on different age 99
of plantation sites
4.4 Forest floor biomass 99-105
4.4.1 Forest floor biomass at 19 years teak plantation 100
4.4.1.1 Fresh leaf litter 100
4.4.1.2 Partly decayed litter 100
4.4.1.3 Wood litter 100
4.4.2 Forest floor biomass at 23 years teak plantation 103
4.4.2.1 Fresh leaf litter 103
4.4.2.2 Partly decayed litter 103
4.4.2.3 Wood litter 104
4.4.3 Forest floor biomass at 23 years teak plantation 104
4.4.3.1 Fresh leaf litter 104
4.4.3.2 Partly decayed litter 104
4.4.3.3 Wood litter 105
4.5 Quantification and variation of fine root 105-110
biomass
Chapters S. No. Particulars Page No.

4.5.1 Fine root biomass in 19 years old teak 105
4.5.2 plantation 109
Fine root biomass in 23 years old teak
plantation
4.5.3 Fine root biomass in 33 years old teak 110
plantation
4.6 Litterfall 110-118
4.6.1 Annual litterfall 110
4.6.2 Monthly pattern of litterfall 112
4.6.2.1 Monthly pattern of litterfall at 19 years old teak 112
plantation site
4.6.2.2 Monthly pattern of litterfall at 23 years old teak 114
plantation site
4.6.2.3 Monthly pattern of litterfall at 33 year old teak 114
plantation site
4.6.3 Seasonal pattern of litterfall 116
4.6.4 Turnover of litter 116
4.7 Estimation of carbon storage pattern in an age 118-124
series of teak plantation
4.7.1 Carbon storage pattern at 19 years old teak 118
plantation
4.7.2 Carbon storage pattern at 23 years old teak 120
plantation
4.7.3 Carbon storage pattern at 33 years old teak 120
plantation
4.8 Quantification and variation in net primary 124-132
productivity on an age series of teak plantation.
4.8.1 Girth increment 124
4.8.1.1 Girth increment in 19 years old teak plantation 124
4.8.1.2 Girth increment in 23 years old teak plantation 124
4.8.1.3 Girth increment in 33 years old teak plantation 128
4.8.2 Net primary production 128
4.8.2.1 Net primary production on 19 years old teak 129
plantation
4.8.2.2 Net primary production on 23 years old teak 129
plantation
4.8.2.3 Net primary production on 33 years old teak 131
plantation
4.9 Quantification and variation in carbon 132-136
sequestration on an age series of teak plantation
Chapter S. No. Particulars Page No.

132
4.9.1 Carbon sequestration
4.9.1.1 Carbon sequestration on 19 years old teak 134
plantation
4.9.1.2 Carbon sequestration on 23 years old teak 135
plantation
4.9.1.3 Carbon sequestration on 33 years old teak 135
plantation

V DISCUSSION 137-186

VI SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND 187-196
SUGGESTIONS FOR FUTURE RESEARCH
WORK

ABSTRACT 197-198

BIBLIOGRAPHY 199-240

APPENDIX I - XXXVI