Radionuclides and Heavy Metals in Environment

399 Pages·2001·19.35 MB·English

by  D. Newton

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Radionuclides and Heavy Metals
in Environment
edited by
Marina V. Frontasyeva
Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics,
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research,
Dubna, Russia
Vladimir P. Perelygin
Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions,
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research,
Dubna, Russia
and
PeterVater
Kernchemie FB 15,
Philipps-Universităt,
Marburg, Germany
111....
"
Springer-Science+Business Media, B.V.
Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on
Monitoring and Man-Made Radionuclides and Heavy Metals Waste in Environment
Dubna, Russia
3-6 October 2000
A C.1. P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.
ISBN 978-1-4020-0059-1 ISBN 978-94-010-0993-5 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-94-010-0993-5
Printed on acid-free paper
AII Rights Reserved
© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
Originally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 2001
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 2001
No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced or utilized in
any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or
by any information storage and retrieval system, without written permission from the
copyright owner.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Preface xi
List of Participants xv
1. Man - Made Radionuclides in Environment and Living Species
Tracking the Behaviour of Plutouium iu Man
D. Newton and S.N. Dmitriev 1
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry for Plutonium Isotopes: Methods and
Procedures
N.D. Priest, G. Merlo Pich,. L Vintro and L. K. Fifield 9
Man-Made Plutonium in Enviroument - Possible Hazard for Human Health
VP. Perelygin, Yu.T. Chuburkov, T.P. Drobina and G.P. Knjazeva 19
90Sr and 137Cs Activity in Surface Soil Samples from Some Areas Affected by
the (<MAY AK» Plutonium Production Association
M. V Frontasyeva, L.I. Smirnov, S.A Romanov, V.D. Cherchintsevand
E. Steinnes 29
Actinide Determination in Environment (Liquids, Soils, Aerosols)
VN. Kosyakov 37
Chernobyl "Hot Particles": Radionuclide Composition and Contribution in
the Total Soil Radioactivity
L.L. Kashkarov, YO. Tcherkezian, G.V. Kalinina, AI. Ivliev,
T.Y. Shalaeva and P.A Korovaikov 43
Dating of Radioactive Contamination of a Locality in the Southern Regions
ofthe Western Kazakhstan
ASh. Gaitinov, N.P. Andreeva and I.Ya. Chasnikov 49
Destruction of Fuel Particles from the Chernobyl Fall-Out on the Territory of
Belarus
V Mironov, 1. Matusevitch and Y. Kudryashov 55
Determination of Actinides in Biological Samples in Belarus
AF. Malenchenko, N.N. Bazhanova, S.F. Boulyga, N. Y. Kanash,
M.K. Kievets, E.M. Lomonosova, LV. Zhuk and 0.1. Yaroshevich 61
Determination of Diffusion Coefficients of In, Cd, Hf and Po Hydrated Ions
in Aqueous Solutions Using the Method of Horizontal Zone Electrophoresis
in Free Electrolyte
G.A Bojikov, P.I. Ivanov, AN. Priemyshev, G.D. Bontchev,
M.V. Milanov, O.D. Maslov and S.N. Dmitriev 67
High - Sensitive Determinations of Po and Am Content in Human Tissues
Yu.T. Chuburkov, V.P. Perelygin, 1.M. Mietelski and Z. Szeglowski 71
vi
Isotopic Composition of Uranium in the Products of Accidental Ejection
from the Chernobyl NPP
E. Y. Sobotovich and G.N. Bondarenko 77
Methods of High -Sensitive Analysis of Actinides in Liquid Radioactive
Waste
AA Dyakov, T.N. Perekhozheva and E.I. Zlokazova 85
Non-Destructive Method of Pu and U Isotope Determination in Specimens
V.P. Perelygin, Yu.T. Chubwkov, 1.V. Bondar, L.I. Kravets,
LG. Abdullaev and G.S. Abdullaeva 87
Radioecological Analysis of Vietnam Soil Samples
Dinh Thi Lien, Z. Szeglowski, H. Gondunova, Dang Duc Nhan,
Le Khanh Phon, Luu Tam Bat and Lam Vinh Anh 93
Radioecological Researches in INP NNC RK (Almaty)
KK Kadyrzhanov, AZh. Tuleushev, S.N. Lukashenko, Y.P. Solodukhin,
L Y. Kazachevskiy and S. Khazhekber 10 1
Radioisotopes in Life Sciences. The Production of High-Pure Radionuclide
Sources at FLNR, JINR
S.N. Dmitriev, N.G. Zaitseva, O.D. Maslov, G.Ya. Starodub,
AV. Sabelnikov, S.V .Shishkin and T.Y. Shishkina 107
Radionuclides in Bones of Wild, Herbivorous Animals from North-Eastern
Poland
1. W. Mietelski, P. Gaca., M. Tomczak, M. Zalewski, E.M. Dutkiewicz,
Z. Szeglowski, M. Jasinska., P. Zagrodzki and K Kozak 113
Some Man-Made and Natural Radionuclide Profiles in the Bottom
Sediments of the Black Sea
Yu.A Sapozhnikov, St.N. Kaimykov, R.A A1iev and KM. Shimkus 121
The Contamination of Belarus Territory by Transuranium Elements
Y. Kudryashov, V. Mironov and E. Konoplya 127
Trace Element Analysis of Actinides in Natural Waters and Soils Using
(y,1) Reaction
O.D. Maslov, S.N. Dmitriev, L.G. Molokanova, M.Y. Gustova and
A Y. Sabelnikov 13 5
Treatment of.Radioactive Waste Solutions Using Local Clay Minerals
M.R. Ezz EI-Din, H. Molukhia and A Ramadan 143
2. Heavy Metals in Environment
Use of Mosses to Monitor Trace Element Deposition from the Atmosphere:
Why and How
E. Steinnes 149
Biomonitoring Trace Element Atmospheric Deposition: An Internationally
Harmonised Approach
B. Smodis and A Bleise 157
Vll
Study of Trace Elements in Annual Segments of Moss Biomonitors Using
Epithermal Neutron Activation Analysis: Link with Atmospheric Aerosol
M. V. Frontasyeva, Yeo V. Yermakova, E. Steinnes and K.A Rahn 165
The Use of Lichens and Mosses to Monitor Trace Element Pollution in
Slovenia
Z. Jeran and R. Jacimovic 171
New Results from Air Pollution Studies in Romania
O.A Stan, A Lucaciu, M. V. Frontasyeva and E. Steinnes 179
Neutron Activation Analysis of Surficial Sediments from the South-West
Part of the Black Sea
D.S. Khamrayeva (Gafitullina), N. Mukhamedshina, T. Akyuz, S. Akyuz,
A Oya Algan, A Bassari, R. Petrova and V.P. Perelygin 191
Nuclear and Related Analytical Techniques Used to Study the
Anthropogenic Impact on the Sister River in the Vicinity of the town of
Klin (Moscow Region, Russia)
S.v. Morzbukhina, V.V. Uspenskaya, L.P. Chermnykh,
I.L. Khodakovsky, M.V. Frontasyeva and S.F. Gundorina 195
Enzymatic Method for Heavy Metals Determination in Waters and Soils
T.N. Shekhovtsova, N.A. Bagirova, LA Veselova and S.v. Muginova 201
Heavy Metals in Food Products and Biological Samples from the Gdarlsk
District
M. Biziuk, 1. Namiesnik and L. Zaslawska 209
Human Hair Composition in Environment Monitoring and Mapping
L.I. Zhuk, E.A Danilova, T.Yu. Yashina and AA Kist 217
Environmental Sampling and Analysis of Coal Fly Ash Intended for Use in
Roads: Potential Impacts on Environmental Health Decision-Making
D.A Belluck and S.L. Benjamin 227
The Pollution of the Environment Caused by Lead Dumping After the
Chornobyl NPP Accident - Myth or Reality?
O.B. Blum 237
Development of the Method of Bacterial Leaching of Metals Out of Low-
Grade Ores, Rocks and Industrial Wastes Using Neutron Activation
Analysis
L.A Tsertsvadze, T.D. Dzadzamia, Sh.G. Petriashvili, D.G.
Shutkerashvili, E.I. Kirkesali, M.v. Frontasyeva, S.S. Pavlov and
S.F. Gundorina 245
Vlll
3. Radioactivity and Heavy Metals in Environment; Natural
Radioactivity; Earthquakes
About a Complex Method to Predict Earthquakes Based on Observations of
Rn, Hz, He, Ne , Organic Gases and Heavy Elements from Aerosols
M. Kaviladze, N. Gubadze, M. Sikharulidze, G. Natsvlishvili and
E. Gamtsemlidze 259
Chemical Nature of Seismic Phenomena
Yu.T. Chuburlcov 263
Determination of Radionuclides, Toxic Heavy Metals and Trace Elements in
Environmental Samples
S. Gerbish, G. Ganchimeg, 1. Bayannaa, B. Dalkhsuren and G. Ganbold 273
Development of Simultaneously Radon and Gamma Measurements to Carry
out Monitoring into the Environment -Applications to Survey of Nuclear
Waste Storage
D. Klein, M. Voytchev, M. Kostova and S. Lamy 283
Dynamics of Subsoil Radon within the Geodynamically Active Regions of
Turkmenistan
J. Ishankuliev, B.N. Gaipov, S.P. Tretyakova, V.P. Perelygin,
B.A. Muradov and B. Kerimov 291
Low Activity Beta-Alpha Radiometer (LABAR)
T. Ruskov, L. Dimitrov, B. Kunov, E. Moravska, D. Lefterov
and D. Petkov 297
Monitoring and Management of Mountain Environment
J.N. Stamenov, B.I. Vachev and 1.P. Carbonnel 305
Radionuclide and Heavy Metal Pollution in Romania
E. Pincovschi and 1.1. Georgescu 313
Radon Over Volcanic and Seismic Areas
M.M. Monnin 319
Rapid Changes of Some Geophysical Parameters in the Nature
V.1. Nevinsky, 1.0. Nevinsky and T.V. Tsvetkova 331
Some Global Environmental Issues of the 21st Century
R. Wilson 335
Track Methods of Measurements in the Environment Developed in
Khlopin Radium Institute
V.A. Nikolaev 349
An Accelerator Based Nuclear Analytical Method for the Analysis of
Environmental Samples
M.A. Chaudhri 361
IX
4. Transmutation of Man-Made Radionuclides
ADS (Accelerator-Driven Systems) -A New Technology to Destroy
Completely Long-Lived Radwaste
R Brandt 367
Electronnclear Technology for the Incineration of Plutonium
V.S. Barashenkov 379
Fission of Pb Nuclei Induced by 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 3.7 and 7.4 GeV Protons in the
Volume of Massive UlPb and Pb Targets
v.P. Perelygin, O.S. Zaveriukha, B.N. Kulakov, M.I. Krivopustov,
I.G. Abdullaev, G.P. Knjazeva, RI. Petrova, R Brandt, M. Ochs,
J.S. Wan and P. Vater 385
Author Index 387
Subject Index 389
PREFACE
This volume entitled "Radionuclides and Heavy Metals in Environment" contains the
Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop (ARW) "Monitoring of
Natural and Man-Made Radionuclides and Heavy Metal Waste in Environment" that
was held at the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JlNR), Dubna, Russia from
3 October to 6 October, 2000.
Originally, it was planned to held the ARW in 1999, the year when NATO was
celebrating its 50th anniversary. Few days before opening it had to be postponed
because of problems in issuing visa for all the colleagues who intended to participate.
The ARW was organized and conducted by the co-directors Prof. Vladimir P. Perelygin,
Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia and Dr. Peter Vater, Philipps
Universitat, Marburg, Germany.
The JlNR was chosen as the host institute of ARW because of the lack of contact and
real co-operation between the former Soviet Union (FSU) countries specialists in
ecology and their Western well experienced colleagues. The selection of this location
and supplementary funds provided by Russian Foundation on Basic Research, Moscow,
Russia, and the JINR, Dubna., Russia made it possible to attain a rather large number of
participants and observers from FSU countries.
The JlNR provided to all the participants of the workshop an effective car/minibus
transportation Moscow-Dubna-Moscow and a rather good accommodation in Dubna.
In total 43 official ARW participants and about 40 observers had submitted 80
contributions, including 47 oral and 33 poster presentations at 12 plenary and two
posters sessions. Two round-table discussions were conducted, too.
The NATO ARW was addressed to the critical problems of abundance and
accumulation of man-made radionuclides (in particular, plutonium) and heavy metals in
the environment and their inevitable negative influence on human health. It ftrstly
brought together specialists who use different methods and different approaches to these
urgent environmental problems which are of great international importance.
The program of the NATO ARW covered four main topics, the papers in this volume
are arranged, accordingly.
First. About 20 communications dealt with the problem of growing abundance
of man-made radionuclides in environment, in particular weapon and reactor Pu and
also Am. The contributions include diverse methods of high-sensitive analysis of
artiftcial radionuclides (in particular Pu and Am), such as accelerator mass
spectrometry, combined neutron-ganuna activation and luminescence analysis. The
results on high-sensitive determinations of Pu, Np and Am content in samples taken
from the Chernobyl, Chelyabinsk, Semipalatinsk hot spots and also from more quiet
regions of Poland, Russia and North Belarus were presented, too.
xi