Table Of ContentRace and Identity in D. H. Lawrence
Also by Judith Ruderman
JOSEPH HELLER
WILLIAM STYRON
D. H. LAWRENCE AND THE DEVOURING MOTHER: The Search for a Patriarchal
Ideal of Leadership
Race and Identity in
D. H. Lawrence
Indians, Gypsies, and Jews
Judith Ruderman
Duke University, USA
© Judith Ruderman 2014
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2014 978-1-137-39882-6
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To my family
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Contents
Acknowledgments viii
List of Abbreviations x
1 Introduction: D. H. Lawrence and the Racial Other 1
2 Lawrence and the ‘Jewish Problem’: Reflections on
a Self- Confessed ‘Hebrophobe’ 21
3 An ‘Englishman at Heart’? Lawrence, the Jews,
and the National Identity Debates 45
4 ‘Doing a Zion Stunt’: Lawrence in his Land(s) of
Milk and Honey 70
5 Lawrence and the Indian: Apprehending ‘Culture’
in the American Southwest 89
6 Lawrence’s Caravan of Gypsy Identities 124
7 (Ad)dressing Identity: Clothing as Artifice and Authenticity 149
8 Cleanliness and Fitness: The Role of the Racial Other in
Conceptions of Health 170
9 Crossing or Enforcing the Border: Purity, Hybridity,
and the Concept of Race 191
Appendix. Race vs. Ethnicity: The Case of the Gypsies 205
Notes 208
Bibliography 262
Index 276
vii
Acknowledgments
I am indebted to the work of the many D. H. Lawrence scholars world-
wide who have maintained an allegiance to Lawrence through his years
of marginalization in academe. Their publications and presentations
have enriched the field of Lawrence studies, and I have learned much
from them. These scholars are too numerous to name, but I hope they
know that their colleagueship across great distances has been for me an
invaluable source of encouragement and gratification. Special thanks
go to all the editors of the more than 45 volumes of the authoritative
Cambridge University Press editions of Lawrence’s works and letters –
a massive undertaking – as well as to John Worthen, David Ellis, and
the late Mark Kinkead- Weekes for their r ichly- detailed, three- volume
Cambridge biography. These scholarly editions have greatly aided all
researchers in Lawrence studies. I also thank the anonymous readers of
my manuscript, whose comments and criticisms led to a better book
than I could have produced without their critical eye.
Special recognition must be accorded to the late James C. Cowan,
foundi ng editor of the D. H. Lawrence Review, who turned down my first
submission in the 1970s but generously sent a comprehensive response
about how I could improve the paper and resubmit. Jim was unfailingly
supportive of my work, as he was to other Lawrence scholars and would-
be scholars over many years – not only in his efforts for the Review but
also by his co- founding of the D. H. Lawrence Society of North America.
We all owe him a debt.
Closer to home, I salute the many librarians at the Duke University
Libraries whose unfailing assistance enabled my research for this book;
I am lucky to be at an institution with such dedicated and gracious
professionals. As well, Deborah Jakubs, director of the Libraries, granted
me the use of a comfortable carrel in which to write, after my retirement
as Vice Provost at Duke University. The two Duke Provosts with whom
I had the honor to work, John Strohbehn and Peter Lange, supported
my attendance at international D. H. Lawrence conferences, where
I was able to test my ideas in front of a community of scholars. I appre-
ciate that support as well as the collegial environment in administration
that they fostered, and that I enjoyed for so many years as Vice Provost.
Finally I thank the generations of Duke University undergraduates
who have joined me in the study of D. H. Lawrence, and who have
viii
Acknowledgments ix
grappled as I have with the complexity of Lawrence’s ideas and attitudes.
Their openness and intelligence have never failed to inspire.
Earlier versions of Chapters 2, 3, 4, and 6 appeared, respectively, in
the D. H. Lawrence Review 23 (Summer/Fall1991); D. H. Lawrence: New
Worlds, ed. Keith Cushman and Earl Ingersoll (Fairleigh Dickinson
Press, 2003); D. H. Lawrence: History, Literature, Culture, ed. Michael Bell,
Keith Cushman, Takeo Iida, and Hiro Tateishi (K okusho- KankoKai Press,
2005); and ‘Terra Incognita’: Lawrence at the Frontiers, ed. V. Hyde and
E. Ingersoll (Fairleigh Dickinson University Press, 2010).
