Qumran and Apocalyptic: Studies on the Aramaic Texts from Qumran (Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah)

252 Pages·1992·9.81 MB·English

by  Florentino Garcia Martinez

STUDIES ON THE TEXTS
OF THE DESERT OF JUDAH
1
F. GARCIA MARTINEZ
A. S. VAN DER WOUDE
QUMRAN
AND APOCALYPTIC
STUDIES ON THE
ARAMAIC TEXTS FROM QUMRAN
FLORENTINO GARCIA MARTINEZ
E J. BRILL
LEIDEN NEW YORK KOLN
1992
The paper in this book meets the guidelines for permanence and durability of the
Committee on Production Guidelines for Book Longevity of the Council on Library
Resources.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Garcia Martinez, Florentine.
Qumran and Apocalyptic: studies on the Aramaic texts from Qumran
/ by F. Garcia Martinez.
p. cm.-(Studies on the texts of the desert of Judah, ISSN
0169-9962; v. 9)
Includes bibliographical references and indexes.
ISBN 9004095861 (cloth: alk. paper)
1. Dead Sea scrolls-Criticism, interpretation, etc.
2. Apocalyptic literature-History and criticism. I. Title.
11. Series.
BM487.C325 1992
296.1 '55-dc20 91 -46425
CIP
ISSN 0 169-9962
ISBN 90 04 09586 1
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Pour Annie

CONTENTS
Foreword .......................................
...................
l.4QMess Ar and the Book of Noah
..............................
4QMess Aramaic
Text .....................................
................................
Translation
Notes ....................................
...............................
Commentary
TheBookofNoah ............................
...................
Noachic materials in 1 Enoch
....................
Noachic materials in Jubilees
Noachic materials in Qumran ..................
Outline of the lost Book of Noah .................
2. Contribution of the Aramaic Enoch Fragments to our
understanding of the Books of Enoch ..............
The AstronomicaI Book .........................
..........................
The Book of Watchers
TheBookofDreams ...........................
...........................
The Epistle of Enoch
. ..............................
3 The Book of Giants
Copies of the Book of Giants ....................
The Manichean Book of Giants ...................
Other elements of the Book of Giants ..............
Order of the elements of the Book of Giants .........
Origin and Date of the Book of Giants ..............
4 . The Prayer of Nabonidus: A New Synthesis ............
..........................
4QPrayer of Nabonidus
..........................
Reconstructed Text
................................
Translation
Notes ....................................
Commentary ...............................
........................
Relation with other texts
.........................
Relation with Daniel
Relation with Nab H . 2A/B ...................
.......................
Relation with 4QpsDan
...........................
Relation with Job
.......................
Literary genre and Origin
5 . 4QPseudo Daniel Aramaic and the Pseudo-Danielic Literature
...
Vlll CONTENTS
4QPseudo Daniel Aramaic ....................... 137
Aramaic Texts .............................. 138
Translation ................................ 139
Notes .................................... 140
Commentary ............................... 147
......................
Pseudo Danielic Literature 149
Arabic Pseudo-Daniel ........................ 150
Armenian Pseudo-Daniel ...................... 150
........................
Coptic Pseudo-Daniel 151
Slavonic Pseudo-Daniel ....................... 152
.........................
Greek Pseudo-Daniel 153
Apocalypsis of the Profet Daniel ................ 153
The monk Daniel on the 'Seven Hills' ............ 154
Visions of Daniel ............................ 154
Daniel Diegesis ............................. 155
Hebrew Pseudo-Daniel ....................... 156
Persian Pseudo-Daniel ........................ 157
Syriac Pseudo-Daniel ......................... 158
Conclusions .................................. 160
6. The eschatological figure of 4Q246 ................... 162
4Q246 ...................................... 162
Transcription of the text ...................... 163
Translation ................................ 163
Notes .................................... 164
Commentary ............................... 167
Milik's Hypothesis ............................. 168
Fitzmyer's Hypothesis .......................... 169
Flusser's Hypothesis ............................ 170
An Eschatological Saviour ....................... 172
4QpsDan Ar ................................ 173
4QTestimonia ............................... 174
1Q H 111. 7.18 ............................... 175
11 QMefcllisedek ............................. 176
4Q'Amram ................................. 177
.
7 The <<NewJe rusalemn and the future temple of the
manuscripts from Qumran ....................... 180
The City Plan of NJ ............................ 186
The Description of the New Jerusalem .............. 193
.......................
NJ and the Future Temple 202
.........................................
Indexes 215
FOREWORD
The congress on Apocalypticism held in Uppsala in 1979 undoubtedly
marked an important stage in the study of this complex phenom-
enon'. It was the end of what I have defined as <<The-Erba f Disil-
lusionment,, and it started a new era, one which I have defined as
<<TheE ra of ~ecu~eration,>I*f .t he publication of the first Qumran
manuscripts gave rise to the idea that in them would be found the key
to such problems as the determination of the *essence,, of Apocalypti-
cism, the elucidation of its origins, its Sitz im Leben, the relation
between Jewish and Christian Apocalypticism and the influence of
Jewish Apocalypticism on the origins of Christianity, further study has
brought the specialists to the conclusion adaB dieser "Wunderschliis-
sel" nicht pa~t,,3.
Perhaps the best expression of this disillusionment is H. STEGE-
MANN contribution to the Uppsala congress4. In it he not only denies
that the Qumran manuscripts have provided the solutions hoped for5,
but attempts to explain why in Qumran there was no special interest
in ~~ocalyptaincd~ m aintains that the scanty apocalyptic elements to
be met within the text are foreings bodies, to which it is impossible to
'
Apocalypicism in rlte MediIerraneott World artd the Near Emt. Proceedings of
the International Colloquium on Apocalypticism, Uppsala, August 12-17, 1979, editcd
by David HELLHOLM (Tiibingen 1983) (second edition enlarged with Supplementary
Bibliography 1989). Cf. F. GARCIAM AR~~KE~*.,E ncore I'Apocalyptiquc*, IS/ 17
(IT), 224-232.
In a forschungsberichr on the theme -Apocalyptic and Qumran*: -La Apocalipti-
ca y Qumrin-, V. Camno - V. V~LLAR( eds.), N Sintposio BIblico Espial (Valen-
cia -' C 6rdoba 1987). 603-613.
K. RUDOLPH, rApokalyptik in der Diskussionm, in: Apocal).pricisnr, 783.
H. SIEGFMANN, *Die Bedeutung der Qumranfunde fiir die Erforschung der
Apokalyptikm, in: Apoca3pricism, 495-530.
"Was speziell die Erforschung der Apokalyptik anbctrifft. so besleht gcgenwkrtig
eine crhebliche Dikrepanz mischen der Erwartung, die Qumranfundc konnten
wenigstens fiir diescn Forschungsgegcnstand immer noch eine A~cW undermcdizin
sein, und der Tatsache, daD die biihcrigcn AN;itzc zur Einbeziehung der Qumranfun-
dc in die Apokalyptik-Dikussion so gut wic gar kcine allgemein anerkannten oder
auch nur weiterfiihrenden Ergebnisse erbracht habcn", *Die Bedeutung der Qum-
ranfunde*, 495.
"Nur ganz knapp will ich mi& abschlieknd nod, zur Exhatologie der Qumran-
gmeinde iukrn, weil deren Eigenart wcnigstens teilweisc zu erklaren vermag,
warum man in dieser Gruppe des nachexilischen Judentums kcin sonderliches fntcres-
se an Apokalyptik hatte", .Die Bedeutung der Qumranfunde*, 521.