Table Of ContentQUEST FOR THE ORIGIN OF
PARTICLES AND THE UNIVERSE
Proceedings of the KMI Inauguration Conference
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QUEST FOR THE ORIGIN OF
PARTICLES AND THE UNIVERSE
Proceedings of the KMI Inauguration Conference
Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan 24 –26 October 2011
Editors
Yasumichi Aoki • Kiyoshi Hayasaka • Toru Iijima
Toshihide Maskawa • Masaharu Tanabashi • Koichi Yamawaki
Nagoya University, Japan
World Scientific
NEW JERSEY • LONDON • SINGAPORE • BEIJING • SHANGHAI • HONG KONG • TAIPEI • CHENNAI
8521.9789814412315-tp.indd 2 20/2/13 1:30 PM
Published by
World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
5 Toh Tuck Link, Singapore 596224
USA office: 27 Warren Street, Suite 401-402, Hackensack, NJ 07601
UK office: 57 Shelton Street, Covent Garden, London WC2H 9HE
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
QUEST FOR THE ORIGIN OF PARTICLES AND THE UNIVERSE
Proceedings of the KMI Inauguration Conference
Copyright © 2013 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
All rights reserved. This book, or parts thereof, may not be reproduced in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording or any information storage and retrieval
system now known or to be invented, without written permission from the Publisher.
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ISBN 978-981-4412-31-5
Printed in Singapore.
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Preface
Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Uni-
verse (KMI) was created at Nagoya University in 2010 in celebration of
2008 Nobel Prize in Physics for M. Kobayashi and T. Maskawa, who were
both disciples of late Professor Shoichi Sakata at Nagoya University. Sub-
sequently a new building of KMI was (cid:12)nished in 2011. In commemoration
of the inauguration of the new building of KMI, the KMI Inauguration
Conference (KMIIN) was organized at the new building on October 24{26,
2011 to discuss perspectives of various (cid:12)elds, both theoretical and exper-
imental studies of particle physics and astrophysics, which are the main
targets of the KMI activity: It encompasses theoretical studies of strongly
coupled gauge theories for the electroweak symmetry breaking and for the
hot/dense QCD in view of LHC phenomenology, string theory and lattice
studies, and also of the super-symmetric GUT models, etc., as well as ex-
perimentalstudiesofLHCphysics,Bphysics,andneutrinophysics,inclose
connection with the related subjects of astrophysics and cosmology.
Manyprominentphysicistsattendedtheconferencetogiveveryexciting
talks. Also young physicist at KMI gave talks on their respective research
subjects. The conference aimed at a unique synergy of particle physics and
astrophysics on the subjects of the main activity of KMI.
TheConferencewasheldjustpriortotheSakataCentennialSymposium
(SAKATA100), October 27{28, 2011, which was organized to celebrate the
centennial of Professor Sakata birth in 1911. About 100 participants from
all over the world largely overlapped with those of SAKATA100.
Thevolumecontainscontributionsofallofthe23talkspresentedatthe
Conference and the poster session presentations as well.
The Conference was co-sponsored by Nagoya University Global COE
Program\QuestforFundamentalPrinciplesintheUniverse:FromParticles
to the Solar System and the Cosmos", and was (cid:12)nancially supported in
part by the Daiko Foundation, Nagoya University, and JSPS Grant-in-Aid
for the Scienti(cid:12)c Research (S) No. 22224003. Special thanks go to young
physicists at KMI and Physics Department of Nagoya University for their
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devoted assistance in preparing the Conference. Finally but not the least,
we would like to thank all the members of KMI administrative office and
oftheNagoyaUniversityGCOEsecretaryofficefortheirpatientassistance
in the administrative works.
August, 2012
Editors
Yasumichi Aoki
Kiyoshi Hayasaka
Toru Iijima
Toshihide Maskawa
Masaharu Tanabashi
Koichi Yamawaki
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Conference Organization
Advisory Committee
W. A. Bardeen (FNAL) Y. Iwasaki (KEK/Tsukuba)
M. Kobayashi (JSPS/KEK/Nagoya) K. Sato (NINS/IPMU)
A. Suzuki (KEK) G. ’t Hooft (Utrecht)
Organizing Committee
Chairperson: T. Maskawa (KMI)
Co-chairperson: M. Tanabashi (KMI/Nagoya)
T. Iijima (KMI/Nagoya)
K. Yamawaki (KMI)
Y. Itow (Nagoya/KMI) H. Kanno (Nagoya/KMI)
H. Kunieda (Nagoya/KMI) M. Nakamura (KMI/Nagoya)
S. Nojiri (Nagoya/KMI) N. Sugiyama (Nagoya/KMI)
Local Organizing Committee
Y. Aoki (KMI) T. Aoyama (KMI)
K. Hayasaka (KMI) N. Maekawa (KMI/Nagoya)
T. Matsubara (KMI/Nagoya) H. Matsumoto (KMI/Nagoya)
S. Moriyama (KMI/Nagoya) C. Nonaka (KMI/Nagoya)
Y. Akamatsu (KMI) K. Bamba (KMI)
Y. Haba (KMI) C. Hikage (KMI)
Y. Horii (KMI) M. Kurachi (KMI)
H. Menjo (KMI) K. Nagai (KMI)
H. Ohki (KMI) M. Shigemori (KMI)
T. Yamazaki (KMI)
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Sponsorship
• Kobayashi-MaskawaInstitutefortheOriginofParticlesandtheUniverse
(KMI), Nagoya University.
• NagoyaUniversityGlobalCOEProgram“QuestforFundamentalPrinci-
plesintheUniversefromParticlestotheSolarSystemandtheCosmos”.
• Daiko Foundation.
• JSPS Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) No. 22224003.
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Opening Address
Good morning, ladies and gentlemen. On behalf of Nagoya University I
would like to welcome all of you attending the KMI Inauguration Confer-
ence.
Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Uni-
verse,KMIforshort,wascreatedatNagoyaUniversityinApril2010incel-
ebrationof2008NobelPrizeinPhysicsforM.KobayashiandT.Maskawa,
both alumni of Nagoya University. It was organized under the leadership
ofDr.Maskawa,theDirectorGeneral,andDr.KobayashitheChairmanof
itsAdvisoryBoard.ItwasfundedbytheGovernmentwithsomeadditional
fund from Nagoya University.
Itsnewbuildingwhereyouarenowhasbeenfinishedonlyrecently.The
building, named “Engineering Science Building, ES building for short”, is
ajointbuildingbetweenKMIandEngineeringSchoolinparticulartheDe-
partment of Architecture. This is the first building at Nagoya University
designed for multi-science complex from the beginning. In commemoration
of the inauguration of the new building of KMI, the KMI Inauguration
Conference is organized to discuss perspectivesof variousfields, both theo-
reticalandexperimentalstudiesofparticlephysicsandastrophysics,which
are the main targets of the KMI activity.
The research target of KMI is to elucidate the Origin of Particles and
the Universe, which is the most fundamental and profound problem in
the whole science. For that purpose we have designed the institute so as
to consist of two centers: Center for Theoretical Studies and Center for
Experimental Studies. We are so proud of the fact that Nagoya Univer-
sity has been making major contributions to such a problem. Most no-
tably Dr. Kobayashi and Dr. Maskawa got 2008 Nobel Prize in Physics for
the theory of CP violation. The theory accounts for the asymmetry be-
tween the matter and the anti-matter, which is vital to the very existence
of our Universe consisting of only the matter without anti-matter. But
this achievement is not a mere accident, nor just one thing. Dr. Maskawa
and Dr. Kobayashi were both disciples of Dr. Shoichi Sakata who was a
