Qualitative Research Methodologies for Occupational Science and Therapy

255 Pages·2014·1.355 MB·English

by  Shoba Nayar, Mandy Stanley

Qualitative Research
Methodologies for Occupational
Science and Therapy
The push for evidence-based practice has increased the demand for high-quality occu-
pational science and occupational therapy research from conceptualization of the study
to publication. This invaluable collection explores how to produce rigorous qualitative
research by presenting and discussing a range of methodologies and methods that can be
used in the fields of occupational science and therapy.
Each chapter, written by an experienced researcher in the relevant methodology,
includes examples of research, foundational knowledge and therapeutic applications.
Including new and cutting-edge methodologies, the book covers:
Qualitative Descriptive
Grounded Theory
Phenomenology
Narrative
Ethnography
Action Research
Case Study
Critical Discourse Analysis
Visual Methodologies
Meta-synthesis
Appreciative Inquiry
Critical Theory and Philosophy
Designed for occupational science and occupational therapy researchers, this book devel-
ops the reader’s ability to produce and critique high-quality qualitative research that is
epistemologically sound and rigorous.
Shoba Nayar is a Senior Lecturer in the postgraduate public health program at the School
of Public Health and Psychosocial Studies, and Associate Director of the Centre for
Migrant and Refugee Research, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand. Shoba
is the President of the Association of the Journal of Occupational Science and an associate
editor for the Journal of Occupational Science.
Mandy Stanley is a Senior Lecturer in the occupational therapy program at the School
of Health Science and member of the International Center for Allied Health Evidence,
University of South Australia, Australia. Mandy is the President of the Australasian Society
of Occupational Scientists and an associate editor for the Journal of Occupational Science.
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Qualitative Research
Methodologies for
Occupational Science
and Therapy
Edited by Shoba Nayar and
Mandy Stanley
First published 2015
by Routledge
2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2015 S. Nayar and M. Stanley
The right of the editor to be identified as the author of the editorial
material, and of the authors for their individual chapters, has been
asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of the Copyright, Designs
and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced
or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means,
now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording,
or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in
writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks
or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and
explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Qualitative research methodologies for occupational science and therapy/
edited by Shoba Nayar and Mandy Stanley.
p.;cm.
Includes bibliographical references.
I. Nayar, Shoba, editor. II. Stanley, Mandy, Dr., editor.
[DNLM: 1. Occupational Medicine. 2. Research Design. 3. Occupational
Therapy. 4. Qualitative Research. WA 20.5]
RM735
615.8(cid:99)515—dc23
2014018265
ISBN: 978-0-415-82867-3 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-203-38321-6 (ebk)
Typeset in Times New Roman
by Swales & Willis Ltd, Exeter, Devon, UK
To Zach, Cleo and Sii Tao; and Jeremy, Val and Krish.
With love and thanks . . .
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Contents
List of illustrations ix
Editor biographies xii
Notes on contributors xiii
Acknowledgments xv
1 Beginning conversations 1
SHOBA NAYAR AND MANDY STANLEY
2 Deepening understandings 8
MANDY STANLEY AND SHOBA NAYAR
3 Qualitative descriptive: a very good place to start 21
MANDY STANLEY
4 Grounded theory: uncovering a world of process 37
SHOBA NAYAR
5 Doing (interpretive) phenomenology 53
VALERIE WRIGHT-ST CLAIR
6 Narrative methodology: a tool to access unfolding and
situated meaning in occupation 70
STAFFAN JOSEPHSSON AND SISSEL ALSAKER
7 Ethnography: understanding occupation through an
examination of culture 84
SUZANNE HUOT
8 Action research: exploring occupation and transforming
occupational therapy 101
CLARE WILDING AND DANIKA GALVIN
viii Contents
9 Case study methodology: the particular and the whole 118
MARGARET JONES AND CLARE HOCKING
10 Critical discourse analysis: opening possibilities through
deconstruction 137
DEBBIE LALIBERTE RUDMAN AND SILKE DENNHARDT
11 Visual methodologies: photovoice in focus 155
ERIC ASABA, DEBBIE LALIBERTE RUDMAN, MARGARITA MONDACA,
AND MELISSA PARK
12 Meta-synthesis demystified: connecting islands of knowledge 174
CAROLYN MURRAY AND MANDY STANLEY
13 Appreciative inquiry: enabling occupation through the
envisioning mind 190
JENNI MACE, CLARE HOCKING, AND MARILYN WARING
14 Interrogating power and reason: critical theory and philosophy 208
BEN SELLAR
15 Closing conversations 225
SHOBA NAYAR, MANDY STANLEY, ERIC ASABA, DEBBIE LALIBERTE RUDMAN,
CLARE WILDING, AND VALERIE WRIGHT-ST CLAIR
Index 236
Illustrations
Figures
2.1 Reflexive questions in relation to power differentials 14
2.2 Contexts for conducting qualitative research 15
4.1 Dimensional matrix over-viewing categories 46
4.2 Diagram of core category 47
8.1 A typical cycle of action research 103
9.1 Case study methodology 119
9.2 Continuum of case study designs 121
9.3 Model describing important aspects of Tish’s participation 128
11.1 The photovoice process 160
11.2 Dandelion 164
11.3 Sensory 166
11.4 Residential school 168
11.5 The Indian Act 169
12.1 Flowchart of Carolyn’s article selection 180
12.2 Schematic of the analysis process 183
13.1 Appreciative inquiry 4-D cycle 197
Tables
3.1 Examples of research questions studied with a qualitative
descriptive methodology 24
3.2 Sampling frame for ‘Alone in a Crowd’ study 24
3.3 Contrasting descriptive themes from early analysis with
conceptual dimensions 30
7.1 The five stages of critical ethnographic data generation and analysis 90
8.1 Examples of action research topics and questions 104
8.2 Cycles of data collection in Danika’s action research study 106
9.1 Excerpt from topical outline and sources of information table 124
11.1 Examples of research questions 158
11.2 Potential risks and strategies for working with risks 167