Pycnogonida of the western Pacific Islands, XIII. Collections from Indonesia, Melanesia, Aa

20 Pages·1996·7.2 MB·

by  C Allan Child

PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASfflNGTON
109(3):540-559. 1996.
Pycnogonida of the western Pacific islands, XIII. Collections from
Indonesia, Melanesia, and Micronesia
C. Allan Child
Department of Invertebrate Zoology, National Museum ofNatural History,
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20560, U.S.A.
—
Abstract. Twenty nine species are reported in collections from Java and
Sunda Strait in Indonesia, Papua New Guinea and Fiji in Melanesia, and from
three island groups in the Caroline Islands, Micronesia. Currentdistribution for
each species is given along with remarks on the specimens where pertinent.
Three new species are described: Achelia bullosa, Tanystylum papuensis, and
Anoplodactylus brochus. Each new species is illustrated and compared with
congeners.
This report on the little known pycno- and compared with others having similar
gonids of western Pacific islands contains characters.
specimens from several collecting efforts There are no reports which treat exclu-
made on the shores ofIndonesia in the Sun- sively shallow-water pycnogonids of any
da Straits and Java, in Melanesia at Papua of these islands groups. There are a few
New Guinea (PNG), and the Fiji Islands, short reports which include one or a few
and from Yap, Chuuk (Truk), and Pohnpei species from these islands and several
(Ponape) Islands ofthe Carolines in Micro- monographs treating deep-sea species from
nesia. Collections of marine specimens of surrounding waters. A few reports include
any kind from these localities are scarcebe- some pycnogonid fauna of New Guinea
cause many of the best collecting areas in but only as part of a broader geographic
these islands and many ofthe islands them- context, an expedition's results, or a set of
discrete collections presented together as a
selves are difficult to reach. Collections are
often more difficult to make and assemble geographic unit. These are Stock (1968) on
the collections of the International Indian
because of lack of transport to and within
Ocean Expeditions, Stock's (1961) single
the islands. Because of their often rough
new species report, and his (Stock 1994)
terrain or widely scattered localities, some
recent paper on the geographic area treated
of these collecting sites can only be ap-
in part by this report. Others include the
proached by boat which contributes to the benchmark monograph by Loman (1908)
difficulties of collecting. on the Siboga Expedition collections ofIn-
These small collections include 29 spe- donesia, and the species from the nearby
cies, most known from surrounding locali- Torres Straits enumerated by Carpenter
ties, some known from within the island (1892, 1893). Miiller (1990b) greatly ex-
groups themselves, and 3 new species. The panded our knowledge of Fijiian pycno-
new species are: Achelia bullosa, Tanystyl- gonida and his (1992a) Malaysian report
umpapuensis, andAnoplodactylus brochus, contributed to knowledge of the fauna in
all from the shores of Papua New Guinea. that little known region. These vast island
Distributions are given for all species and groups are otherwise rarely mentioned in
the new species are described, illustrated. other pycnogonid literature.
VOLUME NUMBER
109, 3 541
Systematics tiguous over their lengths, armed with an-
Family Ammotheidae Dohm, 1881 terodistal and posterodistal tubercles con-
sisting of low papillose mounds, broader
Genus Achelia Hodge, 1864
than their height and armed with tiny distal
Achelia assimilis (Haswell, 1885)
seta each. Trunk anterior comers each with
Ammothea assimilis Haswell, 1885:1026— similar low setose mound. Ocular tubercle
1027, pi. LIV, f—igs. 5-9. slightly broader at base than tall, conspic-
Achelia assimilis. Child, 1988b:2; 1990: uously papillose, eyes small, anterior pair
312-313; 1991:138.-Stock, 1994:32-33 slightly larger than posterior pair, all darkly
[literature]. pigmented. Abdomen moderately short, ex-
—
Material examined. Indonesia: Sunda tending only to half length of first coxae of
W
Strait, Java, Pulau Sebuko 05°53'S, fourth leg pair, carried horizontally with
105°31'E, on shallow algae, coll. Taylor, 19 slight dorsal curve distally, armed with few
Oct 1938 (1 S,\ 9 ovig., 2 2,1 Juv.). short distal setae.
Papua New Guinea (PNG): Bismarck Proboscis moderately short, a swollen
Sea: Madang, NW margin ofPaddockReef, truncate cone half length of trunk, oral sur-
rubble in 3 m, coll. Thomas & Clark, 14 face flat, lips moderately large, not protrud-
Jan 1989 (1 ?). Same locality, landward ing.
side of Yazi Reef, rubble in 1 m, coll. Tho- Chelifores slender, only aboutthree times
mas «fe Clark, 15 Jan 1989 (1 S). longer than maximum diameters. Scape
Fiji: SWViti Levu Island, rubble andcal- with large dorsodistal mound tubercle equal
careous algae off Votualailai Village beach to width of segment, armed with four-five
in 1 m, coll. Chi—ld, 28 Jul 1978 (1 2). distal setae. Chela tiny, bulbous, without
Distribution. This extremely variable trace of fingers but with distal cleft, armed
species is found at an increasing number of with single distal seta.
localities according to recent literature. It Palps eight-segmented, short, only slight-
has been collected in shallow habitats from ly longer than proboscis, massive and tu-
the Australian Great Barrier Reef to as far berculate. First segment extremely broad,
north as the Philippine Islands. Most cap- widerthan twice its length. Second segment
tures have been in the southwest Pacific only as long as its width, armed with dor-
Ocean and the southern tip of South Amer- solateral ectal tubercle bearing distal seta.
ica. Third segment almost twice as broad as its
length, armed with similar tubercle as that
Achelia bullosa, new species of second segment but larger, armed with
Fig. 1 two distal setae. Fourth segment longest,
—
Materialexamined. PNG, BismarkSea: twice its diameter, armed with low later-
Madang, patch reef between Gosem Island odistal tubercle bearing two distal setae.
and Jais Aben Resort, broken coral in 1 m, Terminal four segments each increasingly
coll. Thomas & Clark, 13 Jan 1989 (1 S smaller and narrower, each armed with few
with eggs, holotype, USNM 234711, 1 9, short ventrodistal and laterodistal setae.
paratype, USNM 234712). Ovigers typical of genus, fourth and fifth
—
Description. Size tiny, leg span 5.25 segments subequal, armed with few short
mm. Trunk extremely compact, almost cir- ectal setae. Strigilis sixth segment with sev-
cular in dorsal outline, integumentpapillose eral recurved spines and two-three setae,
over most surfaces, anterior two segmen- seventh and eighth segments with two ectal
tation lines complete, posterior line miss- setae and two endal denticulate spines each,
ing, several other suture lines conspicuous ninth and tenth segments without setae but
on cephalic segment. Lateral processescon- with two denticulate spines each. Denticu-
542 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Fig. L Achelia bullosa, new species. A, trunk, dorsal view; B, trunk, lateral view; C, palp, lateral view
above, dorsal view below; D, third leg; E, oviger; F, oviger tip, enlarged.
late spines with eight-nine serrations per lateral tubercles bearing single short setae
side. and single ventrodistal tubercle not as long
Leg segments very short, tuberculate, as segment diameter, bearing sex pore on
moderately setose. First coxae the longest third and fourth legs, armed with several
segments (measured to tubercle tips) bear- short setae. Third coxae shorter, with single
ing pair of large laterodistal tubercles al- laterodistal tubercles bearing 2-3 short dis-
most as long as segment diameter, conspic- tal setae. Femora the longest major seg-
uously papillose, armed with one-two distal ments, with slender mediolateral tubercles
setae each. Second coxae with paired short half as long as segment diameter, armed
VOLUME 109, NUMBER 3 543
with single short seta each, and larger dor- above. Its tuberculation is somewhat similar
sodistal tubercle bearing several short setae to that ofthis species, but its palps have no
and tip of cement gland tube. Tibiae of al- lateral tubercles and its proboscis is barrel-
most equal length, each bearing two dorsal shaped and much larger than that ofA. bul-
bumps with one-three moderately long se- losa.
tae, also armed with few laterodistal and
ventrodistal short setae. Tarsus short, with Achelia deodata Miiller, 1990
one ectal and four-five endal setae. Propo-
Achelia deodata Muller, 1990b:103-105,
dus inflated, moderately curved, armedwith
figs. 1-6.—Stock, 1994:33.
two moderately long heel spines plus a sin- —
gle distal spine and several sole setae, five- Material examined. Caroline Islands:
six dorsal setae and several short distal se- Pohnpei (Ponape) Island, E side near Mant
tae. Claw moderately short, robust, auxil- Passage, 07°01'N, 158°18'E, rubble with al-
iaries 0.6 as long as main claw. gae in 0-1 m, coll. Child, Barnard & Child,
Female: slightly larger in all measure- Jr., 5 Jul 1986 (—1 c?, 1 Juv.).
ments than the male except for smaller ovi- Distribution. This recently described
ger. Oviger bearing single denticulate species had been known only from the
spines on all except terminal segment western Indian Ocean in 0-8 m. The two
which bears two. Leg and lateral process above specimens greatly extend its range
tubercles slightly smaller than those of into the Paci—fic for the first time.
male. Sex pores on all second coxae. — Remarks. These specimens are more
Measurements of holotype in mm. like Miiller's species than any other Indo-
Trunk length (chelifore insertion to tip 4th Pacific species in this confusingly variable
lateral processes), 0.84; trunk width (across group. The tubercles of its lateral processes
2nd lateral processes), 0.72; proboscis and appendages seem to be the key toward
length, 0.42; abdomen length, 0.27; 3rd leg differentiating several of these closely re-
(to tubercle tips), coxa 1, 0.37; coxa 2, 0.3; lated species. Those ofthis male are closest
coxa 3, 0.19; femur, 0.32; tibia 1, 0.29; tibia to Miiller's type figures and description,
2, 0.3; tarsus, 0.08; propodus, 0.31; claw, with a low to tiny tubercle on each lateral
0.12. — process and larger dorsolateral tubercles on
Distribution. Known only from the the first coxae. The tubercles of this male
type-locality, apatch reefoffGosem Island, are placed in the same lateral position but
Madang, Papu—a New Guinea, in 1 m. are narrower and longer than those of the
Etymology. The name given to this spe- type. The legs of this male are slightly lon-
cies (Latin: bulla; a knob, boss, or bubble, ger and appear narrower than those ofMiil-
with the suffix osa; very) refers to the ex- ler's type but the femoral cement gland is
tremely tuberculate and knobby morpholo- exactly the same in this male and the type
gy of these—specimens. male.
Remarks. No other known species of
Achelia has the blunt lateral tuberculation Genus Ammothella Verrill, 1900
of this species, particularly those of the Ammothella alcalai Child, 1988
palps which are unique in their placement.
Ammothella alcalai Child, 1988a:2-4, fig.
There are several species which have the
1.—Stock, 1994:26-27.
short majorleg segments ofthis species and —
tuberculation which is similar to this, but Material examined. PNG: Madang,
none have the multiple lateral tubercles of Paddock Reef near Gosem Island, sponge,
the palps found in this species. A species rubble and algae in 3 m, coll. Thomas &
such as A. shepherdi Stock, 1973, fits the Clark, 8 Jan 1989 (1 Juv). Madang, Pad-
description of one of the several species dock Reef, second reefpast Gosem, spong-
544 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
es, ascidians and rubble in 2 m, coll. Tho- Ammothella stauromata Child, 1982
mas & Clark, 9—Jan 1989 (1 9). Ammothella stauromata Child, 1982b:271—
desDcirsitrbiebdutfiorno.m lTohcailsitsipeseciiens twhaessroeuctehnetrlny 273, fig. 1; 1988a:5, 7.—Nakamura &
Philippines, in 0-3 meters. It has been Child, 1988b: 809-810.—Muller, 1989:
125; 1990a:66; 1990b:106.—Child,
taken more recently in Indonesia in 0.5 m.
It is new to—Papua New Guinea. 1990:316.—Stock, —1994:29.
Remarks. Juveniles of several genera, Materialexamined. PNG: Madang, reef
in this family where many species bear dor- slope below seawall next to ship channel at
sal tubercles, have generally larger tuber- Madang Hotel, rubble and calcareous algae
cles than adults of the same species. This in 1-1.5 m, coll. Child, 30 Jul 1980 (1 Juv,
fact also holds true with this species where 1 larva). —
the lateral process tubercles are as slender Distribution. As more collecting re-
but longerthan in the adult. I thereforehave cords are reported from the western Pacific,
little hesitation in assigning the juvenile this species is found to have a wide distri-
above to A. alcalai. Also, there are no lat- bution which increases as the fauna of
eral tubercles on the anterior rim of the ce- many far flung localities are reported. The
phalic segment of the juvenile or the adult species has been taken from the Great Bar-
while most of the better known species rier Reef of Australia, the Philippines, Sa-
from this vicinity have these rather typical moa, Society Islands, Fiji Islands, and the
rim tubercles. Marshall Islands. It has never been reported
from depths below 6 m. This record marks
its first capt—ure in Papua New Guinea.
Ammothella indica Stock, 1954
Remarks. There is only one other spe-
cies known in the western Pacific,Ammoth-
Ammothella indica Stock, 1954—b:113-119, ella thetidis Clark (1963), which has dor-
f1i9gs7.1:5343-155,[li5t6ecr,atu5r7ea].-—57cN.akaUmtuirnaomi&, somedian trunk tubercles, and it has many
characters which differ from this species.
C3h.i—ldK,im198&3:Ho1n8g-,191.98—6K:i4m8,.—1N9a86k:a5m,urfaig,. These differences were previously dis-
1987:26-27, pis. 22-23.—Hong & Kim, cussed by Child (1990:316).
1987:143-144.—Child, 1988a:5; 1988b:
51.—Nakamura & Child, 1991:7.—Miill- Ammothella species indeterminate
—
er, 1992a:156.—Stock, 1994:27. Material examined. Indonesia: Bali,
— Sanur Beach, nearCape Serangan, 08°42.3'S,
Material examined. Indonesia: Java,
115°15.8'E, 0.3 m, coll. Barnard, 12 Jul
Pulau Kelor, 06°02'S, 108°45'E, algae on 1976 (1 juv.).
rubble, coll. Taylor, 26 Sep 1938 (1 S, 1 PNG: Madang, Hansa Bay, Laing Island,
$, 1 juv.). Java, Kepulauan Seribu, coral rubble, lagoon reefin 1.0-1.5 m, coll.
05°36'S, 106°33'E, rubble and algaWe, coll. Child, 31 Jul 1980 (1 juv.).
Taylor, 5 Oct 1938 (1 Juv.). Java, end.
Ujung Kulon, Menandjung Peninsula,
Genus Ascorhynchus Sars, 1877
06°45'S, 105°20'E, algae, coll. Taylor, 18
Ascorhynchus melwardi Flynn, 1929
Oct 1938 (1 S)—.
Distribution. This is a moderately com- Ascorhynchus melwardi Flynn, 1929:252—
mon Indo-West Pacific species collected in 256, figs. 1-3.—Stock, 1953b:304 [key];
0-30 m. It was previously known from near 1954b:128-132, figs—. 64-65; 1968:8.
the above localities of Java in the Sunda Material examined. Indonesia: Arafura
Am W
Strait. Sea, Archipelago, of Wasir Island,
1
VOLUME NUMBER
109, 3 545
sand & rubble in 33-40 m, coll. Western pi. 28.—Hong & Kim, 1987:146.—Naka-
Australian Muse—um, 15 May 1970 (1 ?). mura & Child, 1991:8.—Miyazaki & Hi-
Distribution. This shallow water spe- rose, 1993:18-21.
cies is restricted to an area from Singapore Ascorhynchus latus Caiman, 1923:270, figs.
and the Greater Sunda Islands to Cape York 2-3.—Stock, 1953b—:304-305 [key].
in Northern Queensland, Australia, from in- Ascorhynchus latum. Stock, 1954b:128,
tertidal depths to 40 m. There have been figs. 63a-63c.—Muller, 1990b:106.
relatively few specimens collected any- —
where. Material examined. IndonesWia: E Java,
N of Bantenan Peninsula, of Bali,
Ascorhynchus minutum Hoek, 1881 08°34'S, 114°36'E, depth unrecorded, coll.
U.N.F.A.O. survey, 27 Jun 1971 (1 S,\ $).
Ascorhynchus minutum Hoek, 1881:55—57, (Hydrographic chart depths at these coor-
pi. VI, figs. 10-16.—Loman, 1908:33.— dinates are abou—t 165-183 m).
Stock, 1953b:305 [key]; 1954b:121-124, Distribution. Specimens of this species
figs. 57d-57h.—Clark, 1963:61.—Child, have been found predominantly at Kyushu
1975:26. — and Honshu, Japan, and Korea, but they
Ascorhynchus auchenicus. Caiman, 1922: have also been taken in the Gulf of Thai-
199-203 (part). land and the Gulf of Manaar between India
Material examined.—Indonesia: Banda and Sri Lanka. It has the rather wide but
shallow depth range of 3-200 m.
Sea, Haruku Island, E of Ambon, sand and —
Remarks. These specimens are remark-
rubble, 03°36'S, 128°24'E, 144-157 m,
coll. Western Australian Museum, 30 May able for their size and on first superficial
examination, were almost identified as a
1970 (1 chelate—juvenile). new species. These two are much longer
Distribution. This is another fairly rare
Wspaelceises.anIdt QhuaesenbseleanndtaakleonnginwiNtehwWesStouetrhn i(t3i-s4ptoismseisbl)etthhaant tthheeyuscuoaulldA.beraaminpeewssapned-
Australia, and previously in the Banda Sea cies except that almost all characters agree
with those ofA. ramipes. The male leg span
inR4e-m1a5r7ksm..—Thisjuvenile agrees with fig- is 91 mm and the female's almost 100 mm,
and they can be compared with either A.
ures ofthe type specimen except in the fol-
ramipes or A. auchenicum in a number of
lowing characters. Tubercles are lacking
characters.
middorsally as could be expected in a ju-
venile, and a bulge replaces the tubercle on The conspicuous lateral process and first
the second coxae. The lateral process and coxae tubercles differfrom eitherofthe two
species: they are proportionally larger in di-
firstcoxae tubercles are as long as theirseg-
ment diameters and the abdomen is slightly ameter, more robust, and those of the first
coxae are curved in a distal direction. The
longer, extending to the tip of the fourth
trunk and coxae tubercles are much more
coxae. These differences are attributable to
this being a juvenile specimen. reduced in proportion to specimen size in
northern Pacific specimens. The ocular tu-
bercle is also much taller than the typical
Ascorhynchus ramipes (Bohm, 1879)
A. ramipes, and there are many more ce-
Gnamptorhynchus ramipes Bohm, 1879b: ment gland pores per leg. The femora have
56-59. — 18-24 dorsolateral pores and the firsttibiae,
Ascorhynchus ramipes. Utinomi, 1971: usually without a cement gland, have 9-1
&
332-333 [Uterature].—Nakamura Child, pores over a proximal gland. In general, the
1983:29.—Kim, 1986:7, fig. 4.—Kim & diagnostic characters used to describeA. ra-
Hong, 1986:50.—Nakamura, 1987:31-32, mipes are all present in these specimens,but
3
546 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASfflNGTON
it appears as though geographic separation record extends it to the north side of PNG
is placing this population ofa common spe- in equally sh—allow water.
cies in position to become a much larger Remarks. These specimens are very
new species in the future. close to the type, also a male. They appear
These specimens have some similarities to bear fewer setae on the first coxae tu-
to A. auchenicum (Slater), an endemic Jap- bercles than the type specimen but the first
anese species. They are at least 3 times coxae tubercles of the male collected on 1
larger than any specimen ofA. auchenicum Jan are longer than those of the type and
whose size is given in literature or that I are curved, unlike those of the type. The
have examined. But, the lateral process and lateral process tubercles ofthe 10 Jan spec-
first coxae tubercles are more like those of imen are smaller and decrease in size from
A. auchenicum than those of A. ramipes. anterior to posterior but those ofthe 14 Jan
Many other characters of these two speci- specimen are larger than those of the type
mens such as abdomen andchelifore length, and the lateral processes of this specimen
placement of ocular tubercle in relation to are farther apart. These variations appear to
oviger bases, and lack of a dorsal tubercle be age-related and well within the moderate
on the second coxae are more like A. ra- variation known among species in this
mipes. The greatest difference is in the dis- closely allied genus. The distinguishing
tal segments of the first pair of legs which character ofthis species is that ofthe setose
are quite different from those ofA. auchen- first coxae tubercles which on most species
icum. There is no claw on the first leg pair in this genus bear long spines with setules
in A. ramipes and in these specimens, and or, in a few instances, no spines at all.
the tarsus is much longer than those of the
posterior six legs. There is no explanation Genus Tanystylum Miers, 1877
for the giant size ofthese specimens except Tanystylum bredini Child, 1970
that the two suggest a possible new species
or at least a subspecies in the making. Tanystylum bredini Child, 1970:296-299,
fig. 3; 1977:441; 1988b:52.—Miiller,
1989:125, figs. 11-21; 1990a:67, figs. 7-
Genus Eurycyde Schiodte, 1857 15; 1992a:156, 159, figs. 6-11.—Stock,
Eurycyde setosa Child, 1988 1992:92-93; 1994:36-37.
— W
Eurycyde setosa Child, 1988a:8-10, fig. 3; Material examined. Indonesia: Java,
1990:316-317.—Miiller, 1992a:156, figs. Udjung Kulon, Menang Jung, 06°45'S,
1-5.—Stock, 1994:21. 105°20'E, on algae, coll. Taylor, 18 Oct
— 1938 (1 c?, 2 9—, 1 juv.).
Material examined. PNG: Madang,
Distribution. Another widely distribut-
Paddock Reef, rubble in 3 m, coll. Thomas ed Indo-Pacific species, these tiny speci-
&
Clark, 10 Jan 1989 (1 6). Madang, patch mens have been found in tropical localities
reef between Gosem Island and Jais Aben from Kenya to the Society Islands in 0-7
Resort, broken coral rubble in 1 m, coll. m. They have been collected previously in
Thomas & Clar—k, 13 Jan 1989 (1 S). Malaysia and Indonesia.
Distribution. This is another species
with a growing distributional knowledge Tanystylumpapuensis, new species
from the literature. It was described from Fig. 2
shallows of the northern Philippines, and —
has been found on the northern end of the Material examined. PNG: Madang,
Great Barrier Reef, Australia, the Gulf of Paddock Reef, 2nd reefpast Gosem Island,
Siam, Malaysia, and near Port Moresby on sponges & rubble in 2 m, coll. Thomas &
the south side of Papua New Guinea. This Clark, 9 Jan 1989 (1 6 with eggs, holotype,
VOLUME NUMBER
109, 3 547
Fig. 2. Tanystylum papuensis, new species. A, trunk, dorsal view; B, trunk, lateral view; C, third leg; D,
oviger; E, ovigertip, enlarged.
—
USNM 234714, 2 juv., paratypes, USNM Other material. PNG: Madang, Yazi
m
234715). Madang, Paddock Reef, 40 off Reef, rubble from landward side in 1 m,
Gosem Island, rubble in 3 m, coll. Thomas coll. Thomas & Clark, 15 Jan 1989 (2 S
& USNM
Clark, 7 Jan 1989 (1 9, paratype, with eggs, 19)—.
234716). Madang, patch reef between Go- Distribution. Known only from the vi-
sem Island and Jais Aben Resort, coral rub- cinity of Madang—, PNG.
ble in 1 m, coll. Thomas & Clark, 13 Jan Description. Size typical or slightly
1989 (1 S with eggs, 19,1 Juv, paratypes, smaller than average; leg span about 7 mm.
USNM
234717). Trunk circular, unsegmented, glabrous, lat-
548 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
eral processes contiguous, armed with short distally, 5-6 short sole spines, and few
anterodistal tubercle on posterior six legs, short and long setae dorsally. Claw robust,
each with tiny seta, tubercle missing on first well curved, with stout auxiliaries measur-
pair. Cephalic segment extending only ing about 0.6 length of main claw.
slightly beyond circular trunk, armed lat- Female characters: oviger of ten seg-
erally with one-two short setae on swell- ments, much smaller than that ofmale, stri-
ings. Ocular tubercle on elevated mound, gilis spines plain. First coxae tubercles
about as tall as wide, eyes small, darkly smaller, posterior tubercle only a bump.
pigmented, with tall anterior and short pos- Me—asurements of male holotype in
terior apical cones. Proboscis moderately mm. Trunk length, 0.84; trunk width,
short, inflated in proximal third in lateral 0.82; proboscis length, 0.51; abdomen
view, tapering distally to cylindrical mouth length, 0.29; third leg, coxa 1, 0.21; coxa
area. Abdomen extending obliquely from 2, 0.25; coxa 3, 0.21; femur, 0.56; tibia 1,
basal mound orhump, armed with twopairs 0.57; tibia 2, 0.6; tarsus, 0.1; propodus,
of distal setae, the more dorsal pair longer 0.45; claw, 0.—19.
than lateral pair Etymology. The name refers to the col-
Chelifores inflated cylinders, moderately lecting local—ity for this new species.
slender, about three times longer than me- Remarks. This species resembles a spe-
dian diameters, armed with two distal setae. cies from the Caribbean, T. isthmiacum
Chelae entirely lacking. Stock (1955), and a Pacific Species T. ocu-
Palp ofsix segments. First and third wid- lospinosum Hilton, 1942. With T. isthmi-
er than their length, second only twice as acum, it shares a male seventh oviger seg-
long as diameter, fourth three times longer, ment apophysis, the tall ocular tubercle
second through fourth armed with two- apex and tall abdomen, andthe strong tarsal
three lateral setae, fourth with fringe ofven- spine. It differs by having six palp segments
trodistal setae. Fifth as long as wide, sixth rather than five, oviger spines without den-
about three times longer than its diameter, ticulations, taller first coxal tubercles, and
both armed lightly with ventral setae. First smaller lateral process tubercles. The new
to fifth segments combined only as long as species differs more from T. oculospinos-
proboscis. um. T. papuensis has a broader proboscis,
Ovigers with lateral seventh segment particularly the distal part, which in T. ocu-
apophysis armed with four long setae. Sec- lospinosum is quite narrow, giving its pro-
ond through sixth segments armed with boscis a conical shape. The chelifore scapes
four-five randomly placed short setae. Stri- and first coxae tubercles are much longerin
gilis seventh with recurved endal spine, T. papuensis, the legs have longer and few-
eighth with two ectal setae and one endal er setae, the propodus is longer and less ro-
distally bifurcate spine, ninth with similar bust, and the terminal palp segment is lon-
bifurcate spine, and tenth tiny segment with ger in relation to its penultimate segment.
two similar spines.
Legs typical, robust, with dorsal setose
Family Austrodecidae Stock, 1954
swellings on main segments. Femoral ce-
Genus Austrodecus Hodgson, 1907
ment gland in broad dorsodistal tubercle
Austrodecus stocki Child, 1988
with short tube at tip. Femur with tiny mid-
dorsal tubercle bearing seta. Femurand first Austrodecus stockiChild, 1988b:54-55, fig.
tibia subequal, second tibia slightly longer. 1.—Stock, 1994:42-43, fig. 15.
Tarsus very short, with one sole spine and —
few setae. Propodus moderately curved, Materialexamined. PNG, BismarkSea,
broader proximally, tapering distally, with Madang, reef slope below seawall on deep
three major heel spines, the largest spine ship channel, in rubble and calcareous algae
VOLUME 109, NUMBER 3 549
in 1-2 m, coll. Child, 30 Jul 1980 (1 sub- [recent literature], fig. 18. -Miiller,
adult 9). — 1992b:47.—Stock, 1994:54.
Distribution. The female holotype was —
Material examined. PNG: Bootless In-
collected on Aldabra Atoll, Indian Ocean.
Stock listed another female from the Mo- let, near Port Moresby, Manunouha (Lion)
Island reef, rubble with algae in 1-2 m,
zambique Channel in 62 m. This is the third
known specimen and the first collected coll. Child, 26 J—ul 1980 (2 9).
Distribution. This easily recognized
from southwestern Pacific waters. This spe-
species has a pantropical distribution in
cies is widely distributed but apparently
shallow depths. It has been found in Indo-
rare or elusi—ve. nesia and eastern Australiaandcouldbeex-
Remarks. The male characters of this
species remain unknown. pected in PN—G.
Remarks. The extreme taper and up-
curve of this species' proboscis help to dif-
Family Rhynchothoracidae, Thompson, ferentiate it from any other member of this
1909
unwieldy genus of more than 120 species.
Genus Rhynchothorax Costa, 1864
Rhynchothorax orientalis Child, 1988 Anoplodactylus brochus, new species
Rhynchothorax orientalis Child, 1988a:28- Fig. 3
—
29, fig. 12.—Stock, 1991:227. Material examined. PNG: Madang,
— NW
Material examined. PNG: Madang, Paddock Reef, rubble from margin in
Kranket Island, seaward reef crest, rubble 3 m, coll. Thomas & Clark, 14 Jan 1989 (1
USNM
in 4 m, coll. Thomas & Clark, 11 Jan 1989 5 with eggs, holotype, 234713, 3
USNM
(1 Dcihsetlraitbeujtuivoenn.il—e).This species was only 6 Dwiistthriebgugtsi,opna.r—atyKpneso,wn only23f4r7o1m4)t.he
known from two places in the Philippines type locality, Madang, Papua New Guinea,
in 1-3 m ad 92-97 m. Its distribution is in 3 m. —
herein extended to Papua New Guinea, and Description. Extremely tiny species,
to 4 m. — leg span only 3.8 mm. Trunk unsegmented,
Remarks. This specimen has the three- lateral processes separated by as much as
segmented slender chelifores typical ofoth- their diameters distally, 1.5 times as long as
er species in the juvenile stage. The chelae their diameters, each armed with small low
are tiny scissor-shaped appendages and are dorosdistal tubercle bearing seta on anterior
apparently not functional. The bifurcate 6 processes, lacking seta on posterior pair.
dorsomedian trunk tubercles ofthe adultare Palp buds conspicuous broad tubercles in
found here in the juvenile, but the anterior dorsal view. Neck well elevated above pro-
tubercle ofthe ocular segment is not nearly boscis, bearing tall ocular tubercle at ex-
so long. This is probably typical of juve- treme anterior. Eyes large, forming distal
niles. The specimen otherwise agrees well bulge in ocular tubercle, with low rounded
with the type. apical tubercle distally. Proboscis cylindri-
cal, slightly constricted at median circum-
ference and upcurved just distal to base,
Family Phoxichilidiidae, Sars, 1891
Genus Anoplodactylus Wilson, 1878 lips rounded. Abdomen moderately tall,
erect, straight, with 4 tiny distal setae.
Anoplodactylus batangensis (Heifer, 1938)
Chelifore scapes slender, not as long as
Pycnosoma batangense Heifer, 1938:174- proboscis, slightly downcurved distally,
176, fig. 6a-c. — armed with single lateral seta and single dor-
Anoplodactylus batangensis. Stock, 1968: sodistal seta. Chelae small, overhang probos-
54 [older literature].—Child, 1992:41-42 cis. Palm almost cylindrical, only slightly in-