Purines and Myocardial Protection

564 Pages·1996·21.42 MB·English

by  Anwar-Saad A. Abd-Elfattah

PURINES AND MYOCARDIAL PROTECTION
DEVELOPMENTS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
121. S. Sideman, R. Beyar and A. G. Kleber (eds.): Cardiac Electrophysiology, Circulation,
and Transport. Proceedings of the 7th Henry Goldberg Workshop (Berne, Switzerland,
1990). 1991. ISBN 0-7923-1145-0.
122. D. M. Bers: Excitation-Contraction Coupling and Cardiac Contractile Force. 1991.
ISBN 0-7923-1186-8.
123. A.-M. Salmasi and A. N. Nicolaides (eds.): Occult Atherosclerotic Disease. Diagnosis,
Assessmentand Management. 1991. ISBN 0-7923-1188-4.
124. J. A. E. Spaan: Coronary Blood Flow. Mechanics, Distribution, and Control. 1991.
ISBN 0-7923-1210-4.
125. R. W. Stout (ed.): Diabetes and Atherosclerosis. 1991. ISBN 0-7923-1310-0.
126. A. G. Herman (ed.): Antithrombotics. Pathophysiologicill Rationale for Pharmacological
Interventions. 1991. ISBN 0-7923-1413-1.
127. N. H. J. Pijls: Maximal Myocardial Perfusion as a Measure of the Functional
Significance of Coronary Arteriogram. From a Pathoanatomic to a Pathophysiologic
Interpretation of the Coronary Arteriogram. 1991. ISBN 0-7923-1430-1.
128. J. H. C. Reiber and E. E. v. d. Wall (eds.): Cardiovascular Nuclear Medicine and MRI.
Quantitation and Clinical Applications. 1992. ISBN 0-7923-1467-0.
129. E. Andries, P. Brugada and R. Stroobrandt (eds.): How to Face "the Faces" of Cardiac
Pacing. 1992. ISBN 0-7923-1528-6.
130. M. Nagano, S. Mochizuki and N. S. Dhalla (eds.): Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes.
1992. ISBN 0-7923-1554-5.
131. P. W. Serruys, B. H. Strauss and S. B. King III (eds.): Restenosis after Intervention
with New Mechanical Devices. 1992. ISBN 0-7923-1555-3.
132. P. J. Walter (ed.): Quality of Life after Open Heart Surgery. 1992. ISBN 0-7923-1580-
4.
133. E. E. van der Wall, H. Sochor, A. Righetti and M. G. Niemeyer (eds.): What is new
in Cardiac Imaging? SPECT, PET and MRI. 1992. ISBN 0-7923-1615-0.
134. P. Hanrath, R. Uebis and W. Krebs (eds.); Cardiovascular Imaging by Ultrasound.
1992. ISBN 0-7923-1755-6.
135. F. H. Messerli (ed.): Cardiovascular Disease in the Elderly, 3rd ed. 1992. ISBN
0-7923-1859-5.
136. J. Hess and G. R. Sutherland (eds.); Congenital Heart Disease in Adolescents and
Adults. 1992. ISBN 0-7923-1862-5.
137. J. H. C. Reiber and P. W. Serruys (eds.): Advances in Quantitative Coronary
Arteriography. 1993. ISBN 0-7923-1863-3.
138. A.-M. Salmasi and A. S. Iskandrian (eds.): Cardiac Output and Regional Flow in Health
and Disease. 1993. ISBN 0-7923-1911-7.
139. J. H. Kingma, N. M. van Hemel and K. I. Lie (eds.): Atrial Fibrillation, a Treatable
Disease? 1992. ISBN 0-7923-2008-5.
140. B. Ostadal, N. S. Dhalla (eds.): Heart Function in Health and Disease. 1993. ISBN
0-7923-2052-2.
141. D. Noble and Y.E. Earm (eds.): Ionic Channels and Effect of Taurine on the Heart.
Proceedings of an International Symposium (Seoul, Korea, 1992). 1993. ISBN 0-7923-
2199-5.
142. H.M. Piper and C.1. Preusse (eds.): Ischemia-reperfusion in Cardiac Surgery. 1993:
ISBN 0-7923-2241-X.
143. J. Roelandt, EJ. Gussenhoven and N. Born (eds.): Intravascular Ultrasound. 1993.
ISBN 0-7923-2301-7.
144. M.E. Safar and M.F. O'Rourke (eds.): The Arterial System in Hypertension. 1993.
ISBN 0-7923-2343-2.
145. P. W. Serruys, D.P. Foley and PJ. de Feyter (eds.): Quantitative Coronary
Angiography in Clinical Practice. 1993. ISBN 0-7923-2368-8.
146. J. Candell-Rieraand D. Ortega-Alcalde (eds.): Nuclear Cardiology in Everyday Practice.
1993. ISBN 0-7923-2374-2.
147. P. Cummins (ed.): Growth Factors and the Cardiovascular System. 1993. ISBN 7923-
2401-3.
148. K. Przyklenk, R.A. Kloner and D.M. Yellon (eds.): Ischemic Preconditioning: The
Concept of Endogenous Cardioprotection. 1993. ISBN 0-7923-2410-2.
PURINES AND MYOCARDIAL PROTECTION
EDITED BY
ANWAR-SAAD A. ABD-ELFATTAH
AND
ANDREW S. WECHSLER
~.
"
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
BOSTON/DORDRECHT/LONDON
Distributors for North America:
Kluwer Academic Publishers
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Assinippi Park
Norwell, Massachusetts 02061 USA
Distributors for all other countries:
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Distribution Centre
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available
from the Library of Congress.
ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-8056-6 e-ISBN-13: 978-1-4613-0455-5
DOl: 10.1007/978-1-4613-0455-5
Copyright © 1996 by Kluwer Academic Publishers
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1996
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in
a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, mechanical,
photo-copying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of
the publisher, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 101 Philip Drive, Assinippi Park,
Norwell, Massachusetts 02061
Printed on acid-free paper.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PART I: Purine Metabolism in the Heart
1. Physiologic and Pathophysiologic Significance of
Purine Metabolism in the Heart
Anwar-Saad A. Abd-Elfattah, Jain-Hua Guo, El
Mostafa El-Guessab, Andrew S. Wechsler....... 3
2. Purine Metabolism in the Ischemic Canine and
Human Immature Myocardium Deficient of 5'
Nucleotidase
Anwar-Saad A. Abd-Elfattah, David R. Salter,
Andrew S. Wechsler........................... 17
3. Cardiac adenosine Metabolism: Physiological
Implications
Andreas Deusson . ............................. 39
4. Purines Metabolism in Human Cardiomyocytes and
Endothelium-Implications for Protection of the
Heart during Cardiac Surgery
R.T. Smolenski, Magdi yacoub ................. 55
5. Assessment of Interstitial Fluid Adenosine:
Implications for Exogenous or Endogenous and
Endogenous Adenosine-Mediated Cardioprotection
David G.L. Van Wylen ..... .................... 81
6. Adenosine and Coronary Vascular Pharmacology
Worku Abebe, Ravi B. Marala,S.Jamal Mustafa .. 95
7. Alternations in Energy Substrate Metabolism
during Oxidative Stress
Alexander S. Clanachan,Gary Lopaschuck ....... 105
PART II: Myocardial Protection with Purines
8. Purines and Myocardial Protection: An Overview
Anwar-Saad A. Abd-Elfattah, Jain-Hua Geo, El
Mostafa El-Guessab, Shin-Ping Gao, Yang Gu ... 119
A. Myocardial Protection with Endogenous Purines
9. Nucleoside Transport Protein: Properties and
Regulation
Anwar-Saad A. Abd-Elfattah, Samir Mardini, Jian
Hua Guo, Mohanad I. Shehab, Nashaat El-Singaby,
Shin-Ping Gao, El-Mostafa El-Guessab ......... 151
10. Role of Nucleoside Transport in Myocardial
Injury and Protection: Separation Between
Ischemic and Reperfusion Injury using a
Selective Nucleoside Transport Blocker,
p-Nitrobenzylthoinosine NBMPR
Anwar-Saad A. Abd-Elfattah, Jian-Hua Guo,Mohanad
I. Shehab, Nashaat R.El-Singaby, Andrew S.
Wechsler ................................... 165
11. Myocardial Protection using Nucleoside Transport
Inhibitors
Herman Van Belle . ........................... 183
12. Selective Blockade of Nucleoside Transport by
NBMPR Attenuates Reperfusion-Mediated
Ventricular Arrhythmias
Anwar-Saad A. Abd-Elfattah, S.A. Hanan, C.Mac
Dyke, Frances Lee, Hamdy M. Aly, Andrew S.
Wechsler .................................... 197
13. Nucleoside Transport in the Human Myocardium
Jeff Hoehner, Andrew S. Wechsler, Anwar-Saad A.
Abd-Elfattah . ............................... 209
14. Selective Nucleoside Transport Blocker NBMPR
Attenuates Myocardial Stunning in a Rabbit Model
Deficient of Xanthine Oxidase
Anwar-Saad A. Abd-Elfattah, Ricky Maddox,
Michael E. Jessen, Ivan Rebeyka, Andrew S.
Wechsler . ................................... 219
15. Amplification of Endogenous adenosine by
"Adenosine Regulating Agents" as a Therapeutic
Approach to the Treatment of Cardiac Ischemic
Syndromes
Kevin Mullane, Manuel Galinanes, David J.
Hearse ...................................... 231
B. Myocardial Protection with Exongenous Purines
16. Organ Protection with ATP-Magnesium Chloride
James M. Harkema, Irshad H. Chaudry ......... 261
vi
17. Adenosine and Adenosine Receptor Protection of
the Ischemic Heart
Robert D. Lasely, Robert J. Mentzer, Jr. 285
18. Effect of Adenosine on Myocardial stunning
Mohammed Jeroudi,Xian-Liang Tang, Anwar S. Abd-
Eltattah, Roberto Bolli ..................... 297
19. Cardioprotection from Ischemic-Reperfusion
Injury by Adenosine
Jacob vin ten-Johansen , Zhi Qing Zhao ........ 315
20. Cardioprotection with Adenosine, inosine and
Hypoxanthine
Jan Willem de Jong, M. Tavenier, C. van der Lee,
S. Bradmante ................................ 345
21. Adenosine and Adrenergic Mediated Effects in the
Heart
James G. Dobson, Jr ......................... 359
22. Effects of Adenosine on Ventricular Tachycardia
Amir Pelleg, Jiang Xu ....................... 373
23. Purines and Ventricular Arrhythmias
Richard Fenton .............................. 383
24. Adenosine and the Polymorphonuclear Leukocyte
Function Mechanisms and Production
Bruce Cornstein . ............................ 395
25. Purines and Regulation of Platelet Activation
Kalish C. Agrwal ............................ 409
PART III: Purines and Myocardial Preconditioning
26. Myocardial Preconditioning: From a Model to a
Phenomenon
Anwar-Saad Abd-Eltattah, El-Mostata El-Guessab
Jian-Hua Guo ...................... .......... 421
27. ATP Metabolism and Ischemic Preconditioning
Keith A. Reimer,Richard S. Vander Heide, Robert
B. Jennings ................................. 433
28. Do Adenosine A3 Receptors Cause Preconditioning?
James M. Downey, Guanug-Shun Liu, Michael V.
Cohen ....................................... 447
vii
29. K Channels and Adenosine Receptors and
ATP
Ischemic Preconditioning
Garret J. Gross, Zhenai Yao,John A.
Auchampach. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 459
30. Role of Activation of Ecto-5'-Nucleotidase for
Cardioprotection in Ischemic and Reperfusion
Injury: Role of Purine and Adenosine Metabolism
Masafumi Kitakaze, Koichi Node, Tetsuo
Minamino,Kazuo Komamura, Michitoshi Inove,
Masatsugu Hori, Takenobu Kamada . ............ 469
31. Ischemic Preconditions in a Model of Isolated
Cardiomyocytes
Charles E. Ganote, Stephen C. Armestrong .... 481
32. Integration of Adenosine and Noradrenergic
Pathways in Cardiac Preconditioning
Anirban Banerjee, Chris B. Winter, Alden H.
Harken ...................................... 499
33. Myocardial Stunning and Preconditioning during
Non-cardioplegic Warm Intermittent Aortic Cross
clamping
Anwar-Saad A. Abd-Elfattah, Andrew S.
Wechsler .................................... 513
PART IV: Purines and Intracellular Calcium
34. Energy and Cation Control in the Reoxygenated
Myocardial Cell
H. Michael piper, Yury V. Ladilov, Berthold
Siegmund .................................... 527
35. Cystolic Calcium Transport during Myocardial
Protection
James B. McCully, Takura Tsukube, Irvin B.
Krukenkamp . ................................. 537
36. Future Therapueitc Use of Purines in Myocardial
Protection
Anwar-Saad A. Abd-Elfattah, Andrew S.
Wechsler . ................................... 553
Index 563
viii
LIST OF INVITED CONTRIBUTORS
Anwar S. Abd-Elfattah, MS, Ph.D.
Cardiothoracic Division
Department of Surgery
Box 890532, MCV Station
Richmond, VA 23298-0532
U.SA
Worku Abebe, Ph.D.
Department of Pharmacology
School of Medicine
East Carolina University,
Greenville, NC 27858-4354
U.SA
Kailash C. Agarwal, Ph.D.
Section of Biochemical Pharmacology
Division of Biology and Medicine
Brown University
Providence, Rhode Island 02912
U.SA
Hamdy Aly, M.D., Ph.D.
Cardiothoracic Division
Department of Surgery
Box 980532, MCV Station
Richmond, VA 23298-0532
U.SA
Stephen C. Armstrong, Ph.D.
Department of Pathology
East Tennessee State university
J.H. Quilleen College of Medicine
P.O. Box 70568
Johnson City, Tennessee 37514-0568
U.SA
John A Auchampach, Ph.D.
Department of Pharmacology
Medical College of Wisconsin
P. O. Box 26509
Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226
Anirban Banerjee, Ph.D.
Department of Surgery
University of Colorado Health Sciences Center
Denver, Colorado 80262
U.SA
Roberto Bolli, M.D.
Division of Cardiology
University of Louisville
Louisville, Kentucky 40292
U.SA
S. Bradmante, Ph.D.
CNR,Organic and Industrial Chemistry Department
JUniversity of Milan
Italy
Irshad H. Chaudry, Ph.D.
Department of Surgery
Michigan State University
B424 Clinical Center
East Lansing, MI 48824
U.SA
Alexander S. Clanachan, Ph.D.
Department of Pharmacology
Faculty of Medicine
University of Alberta
Edmonton, Alberta, CANADA T6G 2H7
Canada
Michael V. Cohen, M.D., Ph.D.
Department of Physiology
MDB 3024
University of South Alabama
Mobile, AL 36688
U.SA
Bruce N. Cronstein, Ph.D.
New York University Medical Center
550 First Avenue
New York, NY 10016
U.SA
Jan W. De Jong, M.D.
Cardiochemical Laboratory
Thorax Center
Erasmus University Rotterdam
Rotterdam
The Netherlands
Andrea Deussen, Ph.D.
Department of Physiology I
University of DUsseldorf
Moorenstrasse 5
D-4ooo Dusseldorf 1, F.R.G.
x