Pulmonary Function

96 Pages·2015·2 MB·English

by  Mieczyslaw Pokorski (eds.)

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 858
Neuroscience and Respiration
Mieczyslaw Pokorski Editor
Pulmonar y
Function
Advances in Experimental Medicine
and Biology
Neuroscience and Respiration
Volume 858
Editorial Board
Irun R. Cohen, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
N.S.AbelLajtha,KlineInstituteforPsychiatricResearch,Orangeburg,NY,USA
JohnD.Lambris,UniversityofPennsylvania,Philadelphia,PA,USA
RodolfoPaoletti,UniversityofMilan,Milan,Italy
Subseries Editor
Mieczyslaw Pokorski
Moreinformationabout thisseries athttp://www.springer.com/series/13457
Mieczyslaw Pokorski
Editor
Pulmonary Function
Editor
MieczyslawPokorski
PublicHigherMedicalProfessionalSchoolinOpole
InstituteofNursing
Opole,Poland
ISSN0065-2598 ISSN2214-8019 (electronic)
AdvancesinExperimentalMedicineandBiology
ISBN978-3-319-18789-1 ISBN978-3-319-18790-7 (eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-319-18790-7
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2015945960
SpringerChamHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon
#SpringerInternationalPublishingSwitzerland2015
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Preface
The book series Neuroscience and Respiration presents contributions by
expert researchers and clinicians in the field of pulmonary disorders. The
chapters provide timely overviews of contentious issues or recent advances
in the diagnosis, classification, and treatment of the entire range of pulmo-
narydisorders,bothacuteandchronic.Thetextsarethoughtasamergerof
basic and clinical research dealing with respiratory medicine, neural and
chemical regulation of respiration, and the interactive relationship between
respiration and other neurobiological systems such as cardiovascular func-
tionorthemind-to-bodyconnection.Theauthorsfocusontheleading-edge
therapeutic concepts, methodologies, and innovative treatments. Pharmaco-
therapy is always in the focus of respiratory research. The action and
pharmacology of existing drugs and the development and evaluation of
new agents are the heady area of research. Practical data-driven options to
manage patients will be considered. New research is presented regarding
older drugs, performed from a modern perspective or from a different
pharmacotherapeutic angle. The introduction of new drugs and treatment
approachesinbothadultsandchildrenalsoisdiscussed.
Lung ventilation is ultimately driven by the brain. However, neuropsy-
chologicalaspectsofrespiratorydisordersarestillmostlyamatterofconjec-
ture. After decades of misunderstanding and neglect, emotions have been
rediscovered as a powerful modifier or even the probable cause of various
somatic disorders. Today, the link between stress and respiratory health is
undeniable. Scientists accept a powerful psychological connection that can
directlyaffectourqualityoflifeandhealthspan.Psychologicalapproaches,
bydecreasingstress,canplayamajorroleinthedevelopmentandtherapyof
respiratorydiseases.
Neuromolecular aspects relating to gene polymorphism and epigenesis,
involvingbothheritablechangesinthenucleotidesequenceandfunctionally
relevantchangestothegenomethatdonotinvolveachangeinthenucleotide
sequence, leading to respiratory disorders will also be tackled. Clinical
advancesstemmingfrommolecularandbiochemicalresearcharebutpossi-
ble if the research findings are translated into diagnostic tools, therapeutic
procedures,andeducation,effectivelyreachingphysiciansandpatients.All
these cannot be achieved without a multidisciplinary, collaborative, bench-
to-bedsideapproachinvolvingbothresearchersandclinicians.
v
vi Preface
Thesocietalandeconomicburdenofrespiratoryailmentshasbeenonthe
rise worldwide, leading to disabilities and shortening of life span. COPD
alone causes more than three million deaths globally each year. Concerted
efforts are required to improve this situation, and part of those efforts are
gaining insights into the underlying mechanisms of disease and staying
abreast with the latest developments in diagnosis and treatment regimens.
Itishopedthatthebookspublishedinthisserieswillassumealeadingrolein
the field of respiratory medicine and research and will become a source of
referenceandinspirationforfutureresearchideas.
I would like to express my deep gratitude to Mr. Martijn Roelandse and
Ms. Tanja Koppejan from Springer’s Life Sciences Department for their
genuineinterestinmakingthisscientificendeavorcomethroughandinthe
expertmanagementoftheproductionofthisnovelbookseries.
Opole,Poland MieczyslawPokorski
Volume 13: Pulmonary Function
The book discusses new concepts and findings in the field of pulmonary
function.Thisfunctionisnotablyassociatedwithspirometryandgasexchange
atthelungs.Thetechniqueofspirometry,itsclinicalmeaning,andreference
values have all been refined over decades of its use. Although spirometry
remainsancillaryindiagnosis-making,itseemshardlyreplaceableinmonitor-
ing of lung disease progression and treatment efficacy. Pulmonary function
goesfarbeyondspirometry.Itencompassesinteractionswiththecardiovascu-
larsystem,sleepdisorderedbreathing,etiologicalfactorslikeoccupationalbio
aerosol exposure or cigarette smoke related issues. Pulmonary function may
crumple in any respiratory ailment, the case in point being all too often
respiratory tract infections. Chapters contribute to the latest thinking on
molecular mechanisms underpinning pulmonary function, on patient care
and attempt to keep up-todate with current clinical and research progress.
Thebookwillbeofinteresttobothcliniciansandbiomedicalresearchers.
vii

Contents
IntermittentHypoxiaImpairsEndothelialFunction
inEarlyPreatherosclerosis. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
I.Tuleta,C.N.Franc¸a,D.Wenzel,B.Fleischmann,
G.Nickenig,N.Werner,andD.Skowasch
TheMechanismsofCompensatoryResponses
oftheRespiratorySystemtoSimulatedCentral
HypervolemiainNormalSubjects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
M.O.Segizbaeva,Zh.A.Donina,V.G.Aleksandrov,
andN.P.Aleksandrova
CellularandSolubleInflammatoryMarkersinInduced
SputumofCompostingPlantWorkers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
M.Raulf,F.Hoffmeyer,V.vanKampen,A.Deckert,T.Bru¨ning,
andJ.Bu¨nger
TheInfluenceoftheReferenceValuesontheInterpretation
ofLungFunctioninChildren:ComparisonofGlobalLung
Initiative2012andPolish1998ReferenceValues. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
JoannaPeradzyn´ska,KatarzynaKrenke,AnnaSzylling,
RafałKrenke,andMarekKulus
VariabilityofTranscutaneousOxygenandCarbonDioxide
PressureMeasurementsAssociatedwithSensorLocation. . . . . . . 39
K.G(cid:1)orska,P.Korczyn´ski,M.Maskey-Warze˛chowska,
R.Chazan,andR.Krenke
CrosstalkBetweenCo-culturedA549CellsandTHP1
CellsExposedtoCigaretteSmoke. . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . .. . . . . 47
A.Holownia,P.Wielgat,A.Kwolek, K.Jackowski,
andJ.J.Braszko
EvaluationofAirwayInflammationinCompost
WorkersExposedtoBioaerosolsUsingExhaledBreath
CondensateandFractionalExhaledNitricOxide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
F.Hoffmeyer,V.vanKampen,A.Deckert,H.-D.Neumann,
M.Buxtrup,E.Willer,C.Felten,T.Bru¨ning,
M.Raulf,andJ.Bu¨nger
ix