Table Of ContentPsychotherapy Relationships
That Work
Psychotherapy Relationships
That Work
Volume 2: Evidence- Based
Therapist Responsiveness
Third Edition
Edited by John C. Norcross
and
Bruce E. Wampold
1
1
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Published in the United States of America by Oxford University Press
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© John C. Norcross 2019
Second Edition published in 2011
Third Edition published in 2019
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ISBN 978– 0– 19– 084396– 0
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Dedicated to
Larry E. Beutler and Jerome D. Frank
pioneers in fitting psychotherapy to each patient
“My position is not that technique is irrelevant to outcome. Rather, I maintain
that . . . the success of all techniques depends on the patient’s sense of alliance with
an actual or symbolic healer. This position implies that ideally therapists should
select for each patient the therapy that accords, or can be brought to accord, with the
patient’s personal characteristics and view of the problem.”
— Jerome D. Frank, Persuasion and Healing (1991, p. xv)
Contents
Preface ix
About the Editors xv
Contributors xvii
1. Evidence- Based Psychotherapy Responsiveness: The Third Task Force 1
John C. Norcross and Bruce E. Wampold
2. Attachment Style 15
Kenneth N. Levy, Benjamin N. Johnson, Caroline V. Gooch, and Yogev Kivity
3. Coping Style 56
Larry E. Beutler, Christopher J. Edwards, Satoko Kimpara, and Kimberley Miller
4. Cultural Adaptations and Multicultural Competence 86
Alberto Soto, Timothy B. Smith, Derek Griner, Melanie Domenech Rodríguez, and
Guillermo Bernal
5. Gender Identity 133
Stephanie L. Budge and Bonnie Moradi
6. Preferences 157
Joshua K. Swift, Jennifer L. Callahan, Mick Cooper, and Susannah R. Parkin
7. Reactance Level 188
Christopher J. Edwards, Larry E. Beutler, and Kathleen Someah
8. Religion and Spirituality 212
Joshua N. Hook, Laura E. Captari, William Hoyt, Don E. Davis, Stacey E. McElroy, and
Everett L. Worthington Jr.
vii
viii Contents
9. Sexual Orientation 264
Bonnie Moradi and Stephanie L. Budge
10. Stages of Change 296
Paul Krebs, John C. Norcross, Joseph M. Nicholson, and James O. Prochaska
11. Personalizing Psychotherapy: Results, Conclusions, and Practices 329
John C. Norcross and Bruce E. Wampold
Index 343
Preface
A warm welcome to the third edition of Psychotherapy Relationships That Work. This
book seeks, like its predecessors, to identify effective elements of the psychotherapy re-
lationship and to determine effective methods of adapting or tailoring that relationship
to the individual patient. That is, we summarize the research evidence on what works
in general as well as what works in particular.
This dual focus has been characterized as “two books in one,” one book on relation-
ship behaviors and one book on adapting therapy to patients, under the same cover. In
this third edition, we separate those “two books” into two volumes as the number of
chapters and the amount of research have grown considerably over the past decade. This
volume 2 features evidence-b ased therapist responsiveness to patient transdiagnostic
characteristics; volume 1 addresses evidence-b ased therapist contributions to the re-
lationship. As we move from volume 1 to volume 2, we transition from relationship
elements to treatment adaptations or interpersonal responsiveness. We also move from
primarily correlational research designs to randomized clinical trials.
Our hope in this book, as with the earlier editions, is to advance a rapprochement
between the warring factions in the culture wars of psychotherapy and to demonstrate
that the best available research clearly shows the efficacy of tailoring psychotherapy
to the individual client and context. Adapting brand- name treatments to particular
disorders does not begin to address the complexity of psychotherapy nor does it lev-
erage the central sources of healing: the therapeutic relationship and the patient him-
or herself.
CHANGES IN THE NEW EDITION
The aims of this third edition of Psychotherapy Relationships That Work remain the
same as its predecessors, but its sponsorship, format, and editorship differ some-
what. This edition was overseen by an interdivisional Task Force on Evidence- Based
Relationships and Responsiveness co- sponsored by the Society for the Advancement
of Psychotherapy (Division 29 of the American Psychological Association [APA]) and
the Society of Counseling Psychology (Division 17 of the APA). This edition also boasts
a practice- friendlier smaller trim size (the physical size of the book). As noted, we have
expanded the book into two volumes, each now co-e dited by a prominent psycho-
therapy research (Bruce Wampold on this volume and Michael Lambert on volume 1).
We have expanded the breadth of coverage. New reviews were commissioned on tai-
loring psychotherapy to the client’s gender identity, sexual orientation, and functional
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