Table Of ContentPsychosocial Interventions
for People with Schizophrenia
A Practical Guide for Mental
Health Workers
Also by Neil Harris:
Long Term Neuroleptic Treatment and the Role of the Community Mental
Health Worker
Psychosocial
Interventions for
People with
Schizophrenia
A Practical Guide for Mental
Health Workers
edited by
Neil Harris, Steve Williams
and Tim Bradshaw
© Neil Harris,Steve Williams,Tim Bradshaw 2002
All rights reserved.No reproduction,copy or transmission of this publication may be
made without written permission.
No paragraph of this publication may be reproduced,copied or transmitted save
with written permission or in accordance with the provisions of the Copyright,
Designs and Patents Act 1988,or under the terms of any licence permitting limited
copying issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency,90 Tottenham Court Road,
London W1T 4LP.
Any person who does any unauthorised act in relation to this publication may be
liable to criminal prosecution and civil claims for damages.
The authors have asserted their rights to be identified as the authors of this work in
accordance with the Copyright,Designs and Patents Act 1988.
First published 2002 by
PALGRAVE MACMILLAN
Houndmills,Basingstoke,Hampshire RG21 6XS and
175 Fifth Avenue,New York,N.Y.10010
Companies and representatives throughout the world
PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave Macmillan
division of St.Martin’s Press,LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd.Macmillan® is a
registered trademark in the United States,United Kingdom and other countries.
Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European Union and other countries.
ISBN 978-0-333-77739-8 ISBN 978-1-4039-3759-9 (eBook)
DOI 10.1007/978-1-4039-3759-9
This book is printed on paper suitable for recycling and made from fully managed
and sustained forest sources.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3
11 10 09 08 07 06 05
Contents
List of Tables vii
List of Figures vii
List of Boxes viii
Notes on Contributors ix
Foreword xi
Abbreviations xiii
Part I
What is Schizophrenia?
1 The Nature of Schizophrenia
Steve Williams 3
2 Hearing Voices Past and Present – A User’s Perspective
Hywel Davies 18
3 Politics and Policies of Schizophrenia
Steve Williams 26
Part II
Clinical Skills
4 The Helping Relationship
Julie Repper 39
5 Case Management
Ian Wilson 53
6 Neuroleptic Drugs and Their Management
Neil Harris 68
7 Psychological Treatment for Anxiety and Depression in
Schizophrenia
Ian Baguley and Claire Baguley 84
8 Assessment and Therapeutic Interventions With Positive
Psychotic Symptoms
Julie Everitt and Ronald Siddle 102
v
vi Contents
9 Indentifying and Overcoming Negative Symptoms
Ronald Siddle and Julie Everitt 117
10 Relapse Prevention Intervention in Psychosis
Alice Knight 130
11 Working With Families
David Reader 143
Part III
Working and Living in the Community
12 Working and Schizophrenia
Jenny Droughton and Steve Williams 161
13 Neighbourhood Networking – Working With the
Community as a Source of Support: A Practical Guide
Douglas Inchbold 175
Part IV
Special Considerations
14 Dual Diagnosis – Substance Misuse and Schizophrenia
Mark Holland 189
15 Risk and Serious Mental Health Issues
Ged McCann and Mick McKeown 205
16 Psychosocial Interventions in Institutional Settings
Mick McKeown, Ged McCann and Joe Forster 211
Part V
Changing Service – Keeping Going
17 Involving Service Users
Rachel Perkins 237
18 Training and Clinical Supervision
Tim Bradshaw 251
Conclusion 267
Index 268
List of Tables
Page
1.1 Kraepelin, Bleuler and Schneider 7
5.1 Meta-analysis of the outcomes of case management studies 62
12.1 Misconceptions about work and SMI 163
12.2 Models of work, employment or training provision for
people with SMI 165
14.1 Helpful interventions at different stages of motivation:
A practical crosswalk between the cycle of change and
stagewire treatment 196
14.2 Identified needs and intervention with Christine and family 199
16.1 Factors influencing the uptake of PSI in in-patient
environments 227
16.2 Practical consequences of organic ward training and
development 232
18.1 Learning outcomes and related approaches to teaching and
learning used on PSI courses 257
List of Figures
Page
7.1 Generic cognitive-behavioural formulation for emotional
disorder 86
7.2 Cross section of the maintenance cycle of depression 86
7.3 Typical ‘thinking errors’ 87
7.4 Cross section of the maintenance cycle of anxiety 88
7.5 Example of activity schedule recording sheet 91
7.6 Example of diary sheet 94
7.7 Example of diary for challenging negative automatic thoughts 95
7.8 Example of behavioural experiment diary 96
8.1 Process of therapy 103
8.2 Example of a client’s homework for monitoring a symptom 107
8.3 Questions to elicit coping strategies 108
8.4 Range of coping strategies 108
vii
List of Boxes
Page
4.1 Summary of what service users say they want from services 44
4.2 How to develop effective working relationships with
seriously mentally ill people 48
4.3 Adapting standard therapy for work with people with
serious mental illness 49
9.1 Interventions 128
17.1 Government policy and service users 237
18.1 Elements of effective PSI training courses 254
18.2 Appropriate course content for comprehensive PSI
training courses 255
18.3 Guidelines for developing a clinical supervision contract 260
viii
Notes on Contributors
Claire Baguley is a Cognitive Behavioural Therapist with Tameside and
Glossop NHS Trust.
Ian Baguley is Divisional Leader (Mental Health), School of Nursing,
Midwifery and Health Visiting, University of Manchester.
Tim Bradshaw is Lecturer, COPE Initiative, School of Nursing, Midwifery
and Health. Visiting, University of Manchester and Honorary Nurse
Therapist, Merseycare Mental Health Care NHS Trust.
Hywel Davies is Chair of Pembrokeshire Hearing Voices Group, West
Wales.
Jenny Droughton is Lecturer, Merseycare Mental Health Care NHS Trust
and University of Manchester.
Julie Everitt is a Nurse Consultant for Adult Acute In-patient Care with
Merseycare Mental Health Care NHS Trust.
Neil Harris is a Practice Development Nurse for the Community with
Manchester Mental Health and Social Care Trust and Honorary Lecturer,
School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting, University of Manchester.
Mark Hollandis Lead Nurse with Manchester Mental Health and Social Care
Trust.
Doug Inchbold is Development Officer (Health Promotion), Manchester
Mental Health Care Partnership.
Ged McCann is Specialist Commissioning (Forensic) Manager, Yorkshire
North Yorkshire Health Authority.
Mick McKeown is a Senior Lecturer at the University of Central Lancashire.
Alice Knight is a Trainee Clinical Psychologist, at the University of
Manchester.
ix
