Table Of ContentPsychoneuroendocrine
Dysfunction
Psychoneuroendocrine
Dysfunction
Edited by
NANDKUMAR S. SHAH, Ph.D.t
Director, Ensor Foundation Research Laboratory
William S. Hall Psychiatric Institute
Research Professor, Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science
University of South Carolina School of Medicine
Columbia, South Carolina
and
ALEXANDER G. DONALD, M.D.
Director, William S. Hall Psychiatric Institute
Professor and Chairman, Department of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science
University of South Carolina School of Medicine
Columbia, South Carolina
PLENUM MEDICAL BOOK COMPANY
New York and London
Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data
Main entry under title:
Psychoneuroendocrine dysfunction.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. Mental illness - Physiological aspects - Addresses, essays, lectures. 2. Neuro
endocrinology - Addresses, essays, lectures. 3. Neuropsychiatry - Addresses, essays,
lectures. I. Shah, Nandkumar S. II. Donald, Alexander G., 1928- . [DNLM: 1.
Mental disorders - Physiopathology .2. Neuroregulators - Physiology. 3. Psychophar
macology. 4. Mental disorders-Chemically induced. 5. Hypothalamic hormones
Physiology. 6. Pituitary hormones-Physiology. WM 100 P98925]
RC455.4.B5P78 1983 616.89'07 83-19202
ISBN-13:978-1-4684-4531-2 e-ISBN-13 :978-1-4684-4529-9
DOl: 10 .1 007/978-1-4684-4529-9
© 1984 Plenum Publishing Corporation
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1s t edition 1984
233 Spring Street, New York, N.Y. 10013
Plenum Medical Book Company is an imprint of Plenum Publishing Corporation
All rights reserved
No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted
in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming,
recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher
In Memoriam
Nandkumar S. Shah
(1928-1983)
N andkumar S. Shah died on May 23, 1983, at the age of 55. Dr. Shah was Chief
of Research Services and Director of the Ensor Research Laboratory at the
William S. Hall Psychiatric Institute and Research Professor, Department of
Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Science, at the University of South Carolina
School of Medicine. He had completed the majority of the work involved in
the publication of this volume at the time of his death.
Dr. Shah, a son of the late Shankarbhai and Parvati Shah, was born in
Nandurbar, India. He received his B.S. and M.S. in biochemistry from Poona
University, India. He completed his Ph.D. in pharmacology at the University
of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, in 1965.
Dr. Shah was the epitome ofa scholar and an excellent teacher. In addition,
he was a superb researcher. He made significant contributions to the medical
community of Columbia, South Carolina, through his research and teaching.
v
vi IN MEMORIAM
Through his many publications and presentations at national and international
symposia, his work became known worldwide.
Dr. Shah's professional career began in 1955 at Poona University and at
the Gandhi Memorial Hospital, where he conducted studies on lathyrism. He
was later selected by the Atomic Energy Commission to continue his research
in clinical biochemistry. He came to the United States in 1961 and studied at
the College of Medicine at the University of Florida. On completion of his
studies, he joined the staff at the Thudichum Psychiatric Research Laboratory
in Galesburg, Illinois, working with the late Dr. Harold Himwich. He subse
quently became Chief of the Psychopharmacology Radioisotope Laboratory,
conducting studies on biogenic amines and hallucinogens: uptake, distribution,
metabolism, and excretions under various conditions.
From 1970 to the time of his death, Dr. Shah directed research programs
including projects in psychopharmacology, biochemical mechanisms, neuro
chemical aspects of developing brain, fetal growth, and drug metabolism at the
Hall Institute. At the University of South Carolina School of Medicine he
became a Research Professor in Neuropsychiatry in 1975 and an Adjunct Pro
fessor in Pharmacology in 1978. He was Adjunct Distinguished Professor in
the College of Pharmacy of the University. Through formal lectures, he taught
residents and medical students in psychiatry and pharmacology. He directed
graduate programs in the Department of Psychology and in the School of Phar
macy. Dr. Shah served as a consultant to the Neuroscience Laboratory at the
Veterans Administration Hospital in Columbia, South Carolina, and to the
Biomedical Research Program at Voorhees College in Denmark, South
Carolina.
Dr. Shah published over 140 papers related to psychopharmacology and
the biological basis of psychiatry in national and international journals. In ad
dition, he co-edited two major books entitled Endorphins and Opiate Antag
onists in Psychiatric Research: Clinical Implications and GABA Neurotrans
mission: Current Developments in Physiology and Neurochemistry.
For the last 13 years, Dr. Shah conducted an annual research symposium
of international significance on topics of pharmacological interest, under the
auspices ofthe William S. Hall Psychiatric Institute. These symposia, over the
years, have brought scientists of international stature to Columbia, providing
the local scientific, medical, and psychiatric communities with a unique op
portunity to personally exchange ideas with these outstanding men.
Dr. Shah earned several awards from national and international scientific
and pharmaceutical associations: (1) from the American Society for Pharma
cology and Experimental Therapeutics (1975-1976); (2) from the National In
stitute for General Medical Sciences (1980); (3) from the Deutscher Akadem
ischer Austauschdienst (German Academic Exchange Service) to work at Max
Planck Institute for Psychiatry, Munich, West Germany, in psychoneuroen
docrinology (1983); and (4) the Director's Award, from the William S. Hall
Psychiatric Institute. He was listed in The Marquis Who's Who, Who's Who
in the Biomedical Sciences, and the International Directory of Investigators in
IN MEMORIAM vii
Psychopharmacology published by the World Health Organization and the Na
tional Institute of Mental Health. He was also a member of the Ad Hoc Com
mittee of the NASA Biochemical Research Program in space and an editor/
advisor for several professional journals.
Dr. Shah was strongly attached to his family. He had affection for his
brothers, nephews, and nieces, helping to guide and shape their careers and
financing their education when needed. Neeta, his wife of 22 years, is a re
markable person who shared his experiences, successes, and disappointments.
His daughter shares her father's love of science and is pursuing a career in
medicine.
Dr. Shah was an excellent teacher, an internationally known researcher,
a humane colleague, and a gentleman who is missed by all. In June, 1983, when
he was selected as the first recipient (posthumously) of the Director's Award
of the William S. Hall Psychiatric Institute for the most significant contribution
to its mission and purpose during the preceding year, Dr. Shah was described
as "always interested in and willing to help students ... the epitome of the
scholar and the teacher-an extremely diligent and hard-working faculty mem
ber who set a high standard of excellence for students in all disciplines."
This volume is respectfully dedicated to the memory of Dr. Nandkumar
S. Shah in appreciation of his accomplishments and his compassion for his
fellow man.
Alexander G. Donald
Contributors
ALESSANDRO AGNOLI • I Clinica Neurologica, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
SYED I. ALI • Department of Research, Illinois State Psychiatric Institute, Chicago,
Illinois
ARNOLD E. ANDERSEN • Department of Psychiatry, Johns Hopkins University
Medical Center, Baltimore, Maryland
MASSIMO BALDASSARRE • Clinica Neurologica, University of L'Aquila, L'A
quila, Italy
TOMMASO BARRECA • Istituto Scientifico di Medicina Interna, Cattedra di Pa
tologia Medica, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
MATHIAS BERGER • Max-Planck-Institut fUr Psychiatrie, Munich, FRG
LLOYD A. BING • Adult Psychiatry Branch, Division of Special Mental Health Re
search, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Saint
Elizabeths Hospital, Washington, D.C.
FRANCESCA BRAMBILLA • Ospedale Psichiatrico Paolo Pini, Milano Affori, Italy
GREGORY M. BROWN • Department of Neurosciences, McMaster University,
Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
WALTER ARMIN BROWN • Neuroendocrine Research Program, Providence Vet
erans Administration Medical Center, and Department of Psychiatry, Brown U ni
versity, Providence, Rhode Island
SHIRLEY L. BUCHANAN • Neuroscience Laboratory, Wm. Jennings Bryan Dorn
Veterans' Hospital, and University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina
EARL A. BURCH • William S. Hall Psychiatric Institute, and Department of Neu
ropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of South Carolina School of Med
icine, Columbia, South Carolina
REGINA CASPER • Department of Research, Illinois State Psychiatric Institute,
Chicago, Illinois, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois College of
Medicine, Chicago, Illnois
ix
x
CONTRIBUTORS
DANIELA COCCHI • Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University
of Milan, Milan, Italy
DAVID H. COY • Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
PIER GIORGIO CROSIGNANI • II Department of Medicine, Fatebenefretelli Hos
pital, and IV Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Milan,
Milan, Italy
JOHN M. DAVIS • Department of Research, Illinois State Psychiatric Institute, Chi
cago, Illinois, and Department of Psychiatry, University of Illinois College of Med
icine, Chicago, Illinois
GIACOMO D'ELIA • Department of Psychiatry, University of Linkoping, Link6p
ing, Sweden
ALESSANDRO DENARO • Department of Neurology, University of Rome, Rome,
Italy
PETER DOERR • Max-Planck-Institut fUr Psychiatrie, Munich, FRG
ALEXANDER G. DONALD • William S. Hall Psychiatric Institute and Department
of Neuropsychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of South Carolina School
of Medicine, Columbia, South Carolina
RAYMON DURSO • Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Med
icine, Boston, Massachusetts
ROSARIA D'URSO • V Clinic a Medica, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
H. M. EMRICH • Max-Planck-Institut fUr Psychiatrie, Munich, FRG
IRL EXTEIN • Falkirk Hospital, Central Valley, New York
FABIO FACCHINETTI • Cattedra di Patologia Ostetrica-Ginecologica, Universita di
Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
PAOLO FALASCHI • V Clinica Medica, University of Rome, Rome, Italy
CARLO FERRARI • II Department of Medicine, Fatebenefretelli Hospital, and IV
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
SVEND-ono FREDERIKSEN • Department of Psychiatry, University of Link6p
ing, Link6ping, Sweden
WILLIAM J. FREED • Adult Psychiatry Branch, Division of Special Mental Health
Research, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Saint
Elizabeths Hospital, Washington, D.C.
ANDREA GENAZZANI • Cattedra di Patologia Ostetrica-Ginecologica, Universita di
Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
ROBERT H. GERNER • University of California, Irvine, California, and Long Beach
Veterans Administration Hospital, Long Beach, California
G. L. GESSA • Institute of Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
CONTRIBUTORS xi
MARK S. GOLD • Research Facilities, and Psychiatric Diagnostic Laboratories of
America, Fair Oaks Hospital, Summit, New Jersey, and Department of Psychiatry,
Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
EVA GROF • Department of Psychiatry, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario,
Canada
PAUL GROF • Department of Psychiatry, McMaster University, and Hamilton Psy
chiatric Hospital, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
HARRY E. GWIRTSMAN • National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
NOBORU HATOTANI • Department of Psychiatry, Mie University School of Med
icine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
ABBA J. KASTIN • Veterans Administration Medical Center and Tulane University
School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana
STANLEY R. KAY • Bronx Psychiatric Center and Albert Einstein College of Med
icine, New York, New York
ISAO KITAYAMA • Department of Psychiatry, Mie University School of Medicine,
Tsu, Mie, Japan
IRWIN J. KOPIN • Laboratory of Clinical Science, National Institute of Mental
Health, Bethesda, Maryland
N. M. KURTZ • Clinical Investigation Unit, Sepulveda Veterans Administration Hos
pital, and Department of Psychiatry, University of California at Los Angeles, Se
pulveda, California
S. LAL • Douglas Hospital Research Centre, Department of Psychiatry, Montreal
General Hospital, and Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal,
Quebec, Canada
IOANA LANCRANJAN • Department of Clinical Research, Sandoz Ltd., Basel,
Switzerland
J. J. LEGROS • Neuroendocrinology Section, CHU University of Liege, Liege,
Belgium
VITTORIO LOCATELLI • Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Uni
versity of Milan, Milan, Italy
PETER T. LOOSEN • Clinical Research Unit, Dorothea Dix Hospital, Raleigh,
North Carolina
JOSEPH B. MARTIN • Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital,
Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
NICOLA MARTUCCI • Clinic a Neurologica, University of L' Aquila, L' Aquila, Italy
ANNA MARIA MATTEI • II Department of Medicine, Fatebenefretelli Hospital, and
IV Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
JULIEN MENDLEWICZ • Department of Psychiatry, University Clinics of Brussels,
Erasme Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium
