Psychology in Everyday Life

562 Pages·2009·70.18 MB·English

by  David G. Myers

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gendedri ffereinncs eesx uality? anda cadempiecr formancPPe.s2 ?1 4-215
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thepyl aayt h ome?P .3 84
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fropme oploeft heo pposisteex ?
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PP.l04-105
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337-338
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Howh ave SO
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Aboutthe
Author
DAVIDM YERSR ECEVIED
hisp sycholPohg.yDf .r om
theU niverosfiI toyw aH.e
hass pent chairse aetrH ope
ColleMgiec,h igwahne,r hee h as
taughdto zenosf introductory
psychosleogcyt iHoonpsCe.o llege
studehnatvsie n vitheidmt ob e
theciorm mencemsepneta kaenrd
votehdi m" outstapnrdoifnegs sor."
Myerssc'i entairftiicch laevsew ,i tshu ppofrrto Nma tioSncaile nce
Foundatgiroann tasp,p earienmd o ret hant wo dozsecni entific
periiocdailnsc,l udSicnige Anmceer,i Sccaine nPtsiyscth,o lSocgiiecnacle ,
andt hAe meriPcsaync hoIlnoa dgdiisttti.oho inss c holwarriltyia nngd
hitse xtbofookirsn troduacntdo rsyo pcsiyaclh olhoeag lys,d oi gests
psycholosgciiceanlfc oert heg enerpaulb lHiics.w ritinhgavse
appeairnet dh rdeoez emna gazifnreosTm,o daEyd'usc attoSi coine ntific
AmeriHceaa nl.s o has faiuvtgehe onreeradau ld iebnocoek isn,c luding
ThPeu rsoujHi atp piannedIs nst uiIttPisoo wne:ar nsPd e rils.
David Mhyaesrcs h airheidsc ityH'umsa nR elatiCoonmsm ission,
helpfeodu nadt hriving acsesnitsfetorafr na cmei liinpe osv e,ra tnyd
spoketnoh undreodfcs o llaengdec ommunigtryo upDsr.a wionng
hiesx periehneac lesh,oa s wrairtttieacnnl dea sb oo(kA Q uiWeotr ld)
abouhte airnlgo sasn,dh ei sa dvocaatt irnagn sfioorinmn aA tmerican
assisltiisvtee tneicnhgn o(lsoegheyer aingloop.org).
Heb ikteosw oryke ar-raonudpn lda dyasi pliyc k-buakpse tbaDlalv.i d
andC arMoyle rhsa ve raissoendas n tdawd oa ughter.
i
v
BrieCfo ntents
Prefacxei v
TimeM anagementO:r ,H ow toB e a Great
Studenatn dS tiHlalv ea Lifex!x vii
CHAPTER Psycholo'sg yRootsB,i gI deasa,n d Critical
1
ThinkinTgoo ls1
CHAPTER Neuroscienacned C onsciousne2s6s
2
CHAPTER DevelopiTnhgr ought heL ifSep an 62
3
CHAPTER4 Gender anSde xuali1t0y2
CHAPTER Sensatiaonnd Percepti1o2n4
5
CHAPTER Lear nin g 156
6
CHAPTER7 Memory 180
CHAPTER ThinkinLga,n guagea,n d Intellige2n04c e
8
CHAPTER9 Motivatiaonnd Emotion2 34
CHAPTER StresHse,a ltahn,d Human Flourishi26n8g
10
CHAPTER Personali28t8y
11
CHAPTER PsychologiDciaslo rder31s2
12
CHAPTER Therapy3 48
13
CHAPTER1 4 SociaPls ycholog3y74
APPENDIX PsychologaytW ork 407
GlossarGy- 1
Glosario
GE-l
References
R-l
Name IndexN I-1
SubjecItn dex
51-1
v i i
Contents
Prefacxei v CHAPTER2
Neuroscienacned
TimeM anagementO:r ,H ow toB ea Great
Studenatn dS tiHlalv ea Lifex!x vii Consciousne2s6s
NeuraClo mmunicatio2n8
CHAPTER A NeuronS'tsr uctu2r8e
1
Psychloogy'sR oot,sB ig How NeuronCso mmunicat2e8
Ideasa,n dC ritical How NeurotransmiItntfelruse Unsc e2 9
ThinkinTgo ols1 TheN ervouSsy stem3 1
PsychologyR'oso ts1 TheP eripheNrearlv ouSsy stem3 1
PsychologSicciaeln cIesB orn1 TheC entrNaelr vouSsy stem3 2
ContemporaPrsyy chologSyu'bsf iel3d s TheE ndocrinSey stem3 3
FourB igI deaisn P sycholog5y TheB rain3 4
BigI de1a :Cr itiTchailn kiInsSg m art OldeBrr aiSnt ructu3re4s
Thinki5n g
CLOSEU-P:T heT oolso fD iscoveHrayv:i ng
BigI de2a: B ehaviIosar Biopsychosocial OurH eadE xamine3d5
Event6
TheC erebrCaolr te3x9
BigI dea We OperatWei tha Two-Track
3: OurD ivideBdr ai4n5
Mind( Dual Proces7s ing)
Right-LDeifftf erenicnte hse I ntact
BigI dea PsycholoEgxyp lorHeusm an
4: Brai4n7
StrengtahsWs e lals C halleng8e s
BraiSnt atse andC onsciousne4s8s
Why Do Psychology9?
SelectAitvtee nti4o8n
TheL imiotfsI ntuitainodnC ommon
Sense9 Sleeapn dD reams5 0
TheS cientAitftiict ude
10
CHAPTER
How Do PsychologiAsstksa ndA nswer 3
Questions11? DevelopiTnhgr ougthh e
TheS cientific 1M1et hod LifSep an 62
Descript1i2o n
PrenatDaelv elopmenatn dt he
Correlat1i4o n
Newborn6 4
Experimenta1t6i on
Concepti6o4n
FrequentAlsyk edQ uestionAsb out PrenatDaelv elopme6n6t
Psycholog1y9 TheC ompetenNte wborn6 8
CLOSE-UPH:o w toB ea BetteSrt uden2t2 CLOSE-UTPw:i na ndA doptioSnt udie6s9
vii i
CONTENTS
i X
Infancayn dC hildhoo7d0 An EvolutionEaxrpyl anatioofnH uman
PhysicDaelv elopme7n0t Sexuali1t1y7
CognitiDveev elopme7n2t GendeDri fferenicnSe esx uali1t1y8
SociaDle velopme7n6t NaturSaell ectainodnM ating
Preferen1c1e8s
Parentasn dP eers8 0
CritiqutihneEg v olutionPaerrys pect1i1v9e
ParenItn fluen8c0e
CLOSE-UP:F orT hosTer oublbeydt he
PeerI nfluen8c2e ScientUinfdiecr standoifHn ugm an
Origin1s2 0
ThinkiAnbgo utN aturaen dN urtur8e3
ThinkinAgb outG enderS,e xualiatnyd,
Adolescenc8e4
Nature-NurtIunrtee racti12o1n
PhysicDaelv elopme8n4t
CognitiDveev elopme8n5t
CHAPTER5
Social Develo8p6m ent
Sensatiaonnd
EmerginAgd ulthoo8d8
ThinkiAnbgo utC ontinuaintdy Percepti1o2n4
Stage8s9
Sensintgh eW orldS:o me Basic
Adulthoo9d0 Principl1e2s6
Physical Devel9o0p ment FromE nergtyo N euraIlm puls1e2 6
CognitiDveev elopme9n2t Threshol1d2s6
SociDale velopme9n4t SensorAyd aptati1o2n7
ThinkiAnbgo utS tabilaintdCy h ange9 7
Visio1n2 8
TheS timulIunsp uLti:g ht Ene1r2g9y
CHAPTER4 TheE ye1 30
Gendera nd VisuaIln formatPiroonc essi1n32g
Sexuali1t0y2
TheO therS enses1 33
GenderD evelopmen1t0 3 Hearin1g34
How ArWee AlikHeo? w Do We Touch1 36
Diffe1r0?4
Pain1 37
TheN aturoef G enderO:u rB iolog1y0 5 Taste1 40
TheN urtuorfeG enderO:u rC ultur1e0 6
Smell 141
Human Sexuali1t0y8 BodyP ositiaonndM ovemen1t 41
TheP hysioloofgS ye x1 09 PerceptuOarlg anizati1o4n2
TheP sycholoogfSy e x1 12 FormP ercepti1o43n
CLOSE-UP:Se xa ndH umanV alue1s1 3
DepthP ercepti1o4n4
SexuaOlr ientati1o1n3 PerceptCuoanls tanc1y4 5
EnvironmaenntdS exuaOlr ientat1i1o4n PerceptuIanlt erpretat1i4o8n
Bioloagnyd S exuaOlr ientat1i1o5n Sensory DepriavnadtR ieosnt ored
Visio1n4 8