Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis

255 Pages·2005·3.86 MB·English

Kenneth B.Gordon
Eric M.Ruderman
Editors
Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis
An IntegratedApproach
Kenneth B.Gordon
Eric M.Ruderman
Editors
Psoriasis
and
Psoriatic Arthritis
An Integrated Approach
With 47 Figures and 36 Tables
Kenneth B.Gordon,MD
Division of Dermatology
Loyola University
Stritch School of Medicine
2160 S.First Ave.,Building 112,Room 342
Maywood,IL 60153
USA
Eric M.Ruderman,MD
Division of Rheumatology
Northwestern University
Feinberg Schoolof Medicine
675 N.St.Clair St.
Chicago,IL 60611
USA
Library of Congress Control Number:2004113294
ISBN 3-540-21280-9 Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York
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Preface
Dermatologists and rheumatologists alike are confronted with patients suffering
from both psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis,and are often asked to address the dis-
ease with which they are least familiar.In our experience,proper care ofeither ail-
ment requires a working knowledge ofboth.Working together to manage these pa-
tients,we have found that the most effective treatments must account for all mani-
festations ofdisease,whether skin or joint,and that this approach is the best way to
ensure satisfied patients with the most unrestricted quality oflife.
Our goal with this book is to bring current information about psoriasis and psor-
iatic arthritis together in a form that is useful for a satisfactory understanding ofthe
pathophysiology,clinical aspects,and therapy ofboth diseases.Ideally,the integrat-
ed approach ofthis text will give specialists the necessary tools to work together ef-
fectively in the same office or in consultation.While this type of coordinated care
strikes us as the best approach,we recognize that all dermatologists and rheumatol-
ogists will not have this luxury,and we hope this book will also serve as a useful re-
view ofthose disease elements both within and outside the reader's own area ofex-
pertise.
This book is dedicated to our families: Dafna, Danny, and Jake Gordon, and
Stacey Empson and Lucy Ruderman.We thank them for their patience in helping us
through this endeavor.
Kenneth B.Gordon,MD
Eric M.Ruderman,MD
December 2004
Contents
I Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Kenneth B.Gordon,Eric M.Ruderman
II Genetics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
A. Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Mahreen Ameen,Jonathan N.W.N.Barker
B. Psoriatic Arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12
ProtonRahman,Dafna D.Gladman
III Immunopathogenesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
A. Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Brian K.Bonish,Brian J.Nickoloff
B. Psoriatic Arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Jennifer Barton,Christopher T.Ritchlin
IV Epidemiology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
A. Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Christine C.Jacobson,Alexa B.Kimball
B. Psoriatic Arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Dafna D.Gladman
V Clinical Presentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
A. Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
Jennifer Soung,Mark Lebwohl
B. Psoriatic Arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Philip S.Helliwell
VIII Contents
VI Diagnostic Evaluation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
A. Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Bettina M.Prinz Vavricka,Joan Guitart
B. Psoriatic Arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Soumya M.Reddy,Clifton O.Bingham III
VII Quality of Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
A. Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Steven R.Feldman,Stephen R.Rapp
B. Psoriatic Arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Dafna D.Gladman
VIII Clinical Outcome Measurements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
A. Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
Kenneth B.Gordon
B. Psoriatic Arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Soumya M.Reddy,Clifton O.Bingham III
IX Conventional Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
A. Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
1. Topical Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 134
Rachel Quinby
2. Phototherapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Jennifer Dempsey,Michael Zanolli
3. Systemic Retinoids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Milan J.Anadkat,Michael P.Heffernan
4. Methotrexate and Cyclosporine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Jennifer C.Cather,Alan Menter
B. Psoriatic Arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Christopher G.Jackson,Daniel O.Clegg
Contents IX
X Biologic Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
A. Psoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
1. Anti-T-Cell Agents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 193
Richard G.B.Langley,Christa L.Doherty,Scott J.Murray
2. TNF Antagonist Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Bruce E.Strober . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
B. Psoriatic Arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
1. TNFαInhibitors in Psoriatic Arthritis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Philip J.Mease
2. Other Biologic Therapy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Ja Huen Jung,Zuhre Tutuncu,Arthur F.Kavanaugh
XI Synthesis and Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Kenneth B.Gordon,Eric M.Ruderman
Subject Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
List of Contributors
Mahreen Ameen Jennifer C.Cather,MD
St.Johns Institute ofDermatology University ofTexas Southwestern Medical
St.Thomas’Hospital School Dallas
London Dallas,TX
UK USA
Milan J.Anadkat,MD Daniel O.Clegg,MD
Division ofDermatology Division ofRheumatology
Washington University School ofMedicine University ofUtah Medical Center
St.Louis,MO Salt Lake City,UT
USA USA
Jonathan N.W.N.Barker,MD Jennifer Dempsey,MD
St.Johns Institute ofDermatology Vanderbilt University Medical School
St.Thomas' Hospital Dermatology Consultants
London Nashville,TN
UK USA
Jennifer Barton,MD Christa L.Doherty,BSc (Hons)
University ofRochester Medical Center QEII Health Sciences Centre
Rochester,NY Halifax,Nova Scotia
USA Canada
Clifton O.Bingham,MD Steven R.Feldman,MD,PhD
Johns Hopkins University WakeForest University School ofMedicine
Baltimore,MD Medical Center Boulevard
USA Winston-Salem,NC
USA
Brian K.Bonish,MD
Loyola University ofChicago Dafna D.Gladman,MD FRCPC
Medical Center Center for Prognosis Studies
Skin Disease Research Laboratory Toronto Hospital Western Division
Cardinal Bernardin Cancer Center Toronto,ON
Maywood,IL Canada
USA
XII List of Contributors
Kenneth B.Gordon,MD Alexa Kimball,MD,MPH
Division ofDermatology Dermatology Clinical Studies Unit
Loyola University Massachusetts General and Brigham
Stritch School ofMedicine and Women’s Hospitals
Maywood,IL Boston,MA
USA USA
Joan Guitart,MD Richard G.B.Langley,MD,FRCPC
NorthwesternUniversity QEII Health Sciences Centre
Department ofDermatology Halifax,Nova Scotia
Chicago,IL Canada
USA
Mark Lebwohl,MD,FACP
Michael P.Heffernan,MD Department ofDermatology
Division ofDermatology The Mt.Sinai Medical Center
Washington University School ofMedicine New York,NY
St.Louis,MO USA
USA
Philip J.Mease,MD
Philip Helliwell,MD Seattle Rheumatology Associates
Academic Unit ofMusculoskeletal Disease University ofWashington
University ofLeeds Seattle,WA
Leeds USA
UK
M.Alan Menter
Christopher Jackson,MD Division ofDermatology
Division ofRheumatology Baylor University Medical Center
University ofUtah Medical Center University ofTexas Southwestern Medical
Salt Lake City,UT School Dallas
USA Dallas,TX
USA
Christine C.Jacobson,AB
Department ofDermatology Scott J.Murray,MD,FRCPC
Stanford University School ofMedicine QEII Health Sciences Centre
Stanford,CA Halifax,Nova Scotia
USA Canada
Ja Huen Jung,MD Brian J.Nickoloff,MD,PhD
UCSD Loyola University Medical Center
Rheumatology Division Maywood,IL
Department ofMedicine USA
La Jolla,CA
USA Bettina M.Prinz Vavricka,MD
Department ofDermatology
Arthur F.Kavanaugh,MD University Hospital Zurich
UCSD Zurich
Rheumatology Division Switzerland
Department ofMedicine
La Jolla,CA
USA
List of Contributors XIII
Rachel Quinby,MD Jennifer Soung
Charlottesville,VA Department ofDermatology
USA The Mt.Sinai Medical Center
New York,NY
Proton Rahman,MD USA
Rheumatology
St.Claires Mercy Hospital Bruce E.Strober,MD,PhD
St.Johns,NF Associate Director
Canada Dermatopharmacology Unit
New York University
Stephen R.Rapp,PhD School ofMedicine
Department ofPsychiatry New York,NY
and Behavioral Medicine USA
WakeForest University School ofMedicine
Winston-Salem,NC Zuhre Tutuncu,MD
USA UCSD
Rheumatology Division
Soumya M.Reddy,MD Department ofMedicine
Rheumatology & Medicine La Jolla,CA
Hospital for Joint Diseases USA
New York,NY
USA Michael D.Zanolli,MD
Vanderbilt University Medical School
Christopher T.Ritchlin,MD Dermatology Consultants
Allergy Immunology Rheumatology Nashville,TN
University ofRochester Medical Center USA
Rochester,NY
USA
Eric M.Ruderman,MD
Division ofRheumatology
Department ofMedicine
Northwestern University
Feinberg School ofMedicine
Chicago,IL
USA