Protest, Reform and Repression in Khrushchev’s Soviet Union

323 Pages·2013·1.993 MB·English

by  Robert Hornsby

Cambridge University Press
978-1-107-03092-3 - Protest, Reform and Repression in Khrushchev's Soviet Union
Robert Hornsby
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PROTEST, REFORM AND REPRESSION
’
IN KHRUSHCHEV S SOVIET UNION
Protest, Reform and Repression in Khrushchev’s Soviet Union explores
thenatureofpoliticalprotestintheUSSRduringthedecadefollowing
the death of Stalin. Using sources drawn from the archives of the
SovietProcurator’soffice,theCommunistParty,theKomsomoland
elsewhere,Hornsbyexaminestheemergenceofundergroundgroups,
massriotsandpublicattacksonauthorityaswellasthewaysinwhich
the Soviet regimeunder Khrushchev viewed and responded to these
challenges,includingdeeperKGBpenetrationofsocietyandtheuse
oflabourcampsandpsychiatricrepression.Heshedsimportantnew
lightontheprogressandimplicationsofdeStalinization,therelation-
shipbetweencitizensandauthorityandtheemergenceofanincreas-
inglymaterialistic social orderinsidetheUSSR. Thisisafascinating
study, whichsignificantly revises ourunderstandingofthe nature of
Sovietpowerfollowingtheabandonmentofmassterror.
roberthornsbyisHonoraryResearchFellow,CentreforRussian
and East European Studies, University of Birmingham. He is also a
Teaching Fellow in Russian History at the University of Leeds and,
from May 2013, a Leverhulme Early Career Research Fellow in the
SchoolofHistoryattheUniversityofKent.
© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org
Cambridge University Press
978-1-107-03092-3 - Protest, Reform and Repression in Khrushchev's Soviet Union
Robert Hornsby
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new studies in european history
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peterbaldwin,UniversityofCalifornia,LosAngeles
christopherclark,UniversityofCambridge
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timothysnyder,YaleUniversity
TheaimofthisseriesinearlymodernandmodernEuropeanhistoryistopublish
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Cambridge University Press
978-1-107-03092-3 - Protest, Reform and Repression in Khrushchev's Soviet Union
Robert Hornsby
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PROTEST, REFORM
AND REPRESSION
’
IN KHRUSHCHEV S
SOVIET UNION
ROBERT HORNSBY
© in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org
Cambridge University Press
978-1-107-03092-3 - Protest, Reform and Repression in Khrushchev's Soviet Union
Robert Hornsby
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978-1-107-03092-3 - Protest, Reform and Repression in Khrushchev's Soviet Union
Robert Hornsby
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For Kevin
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978-1-107-03092-3 - Protest, Reform and Repression in Khrushchev's Soviet Union
Robert Hornsby
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978-1-107-03092-3 - Protest, Reform and Repression in Khrushchev's Soviet Union
Robert Hornsby
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Contents
Listoftables page viii
Acknowledgements ix
Transliteration x
Introduction 1
part i 21
1 Anendtosilence 23
2 Puttingoutfires 54
3 AftertheHungarianrising 79
4 Turningbackthetide:theclampdownondissent 108
part ii 135
5 Theanti-Sovietunderground 137
6 Takingtothestreets 171
7 Lessrepression,morepolicing 197
8 Theapplicationofforce 222
9 AprecursortotheSoviethuman-rightsmovement 253
Conclusion 284
Glossary 290
Bibliography 291
Index 308
vii
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978-1-107-03092-3 - Protest, Reform and Repression in Khrushchev's Soviet Union
Robert Hornsby
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Tables
2.1 AnnualexpulsionsfromtheUkrainianKomsomol,1955–7 page 70
2.2 AnnualexpulsionsfromtheKazakhandUzbekKomsomol
organisations, 1955 –7 70
4.1 Annualsentencesforanti-Sovietactivityandpropaganda
(article58-10),1956–64 116
4.2 Sentencesforanti-Sovietactivity(article58-10)byunion
republicin1957 122
4.3 Lengthofsentencesunderarticle58-10intheperiod1956–7 127
viii
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978-1-107-03092-3 - Protest, Reform and Repression in Khrushchev's Soviet Union
Robert Hornsby
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Acknowledgements
Ihavebeenfortunateenoughtobenefitfromtheadviceandencouragement
ofmanyfinescholarsasI worked onthisbook.Jeremy Smith,MelanieIlič
andAlexTitovinparticularsavedmefromnumerousblindalleysandinstead
pushed my thinking in much more interesting and productive directions.
Otherswhohavereadpartorallofthemanuscriptandprovidedallmanner
of useful suggestions include Philip Boobbyer, Yoram Gorlizki, Ed Kline,
ArfonRees,MarkSmithandGlebTsipursky.Twoanonymousreviewersat
CambridgeUniversityPressalsohelpedsharpenmythoughtsonanumberof
keyissues.
Conversations with Vladimir Bukovsky, Aleksandr Daniel, Aleksandr
Esenin-Volpin,AndreiGrigorenko,ZhoresMedvedevandYuriOrlovproved
particularlyilluminating.Thosewhohavekindlysentmeusefuldocuments
or granted me access to their own unpublished research include Krista
Berglund, Mike Berry, Ed Cohn and Jeff Hardy. During stays in Russia
IhaveenjoyedthehospitalityofMilaandGalinaPetrovnaKosterina,andthe
friendship and support of Bob Henderson, Pia Koivunen, Siobhan Peeling,
SeanRoberts,UlrikeZiemerandStephenTaylor.
Lastly,bysomewaythelargestdebtofgratitudeisowedtomyparents,
John and Norma Hornsby. Without their support this book would most
likelynotexist.
ix
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978-1-107-03092-3 - Protest, Reform and Repression in Khrushchev's Soviet Union
Robert Hornsby
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Transliteration
The British Standard system of transliteration has been used throughout
this work, but with some exceptions in regard to places and the names of
well-known individuals which already have an ‘accepted’ English spelling,
suchasLudmillaAlexeyeva(asopposedtoLyudmilaAlekseeva)andJoseph
Brodsky(ratherthanIosifBrodskii).Someofthescholarscitedinthisbook
have published works in both English and Russian. Where their English-
languageworks donotusetheBritish Standardsystem, theexistingtrans-
literation conventions have been followed. When Russian-language works
arecited,theBritishStandardsystemoftransliterationhasbeenemployed.
x
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