Protection of Materials and Structures From the Space Environment

605 Pages·2013·19.26 MB·English

by  Jacob Kleiman (auth.)

Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings
Volume 32
For furthervolumes:
http://www.springer.com/series/7395
.
Protection of Materials and
Structures From the Space
Environment
Editors
Jacob Kleiman
Masahito Tagawa
Yugo Kimoto
Editors
JacobKleiman MasahitoTagawa
IntegrityTestingLaboratoryInc. GraduateSchoolofEngineering
Markham KobeUniversity
Ontario Kobe
Canada Japan
YugoKimoto
JapaneseAerospaceExplorationAgency
Ibaraki
Japan
ISSN1570-6591 ISSN1570-6605(electronic)
ISBN978-3-642-30228-2 ISBN978-3-642-30229-9(eBook)
DOI10.1007/978-3-642-30229-9
SpringerHeidelbergNewYorkDordrechtLondon
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2012943715
#Springer-VerlagBerlinHeidelberg2013
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Preface
The collection of papers in this book was presented at the tenth meeting of the
International Conference on Protection of Materials and Structures from Space
Environment(ICPMSE-10J)heldinOkinawa,Japan,inJune2011.
The year 2011 marked a remarkable achievement for ICPMSE: its tenth
meeting. Since the first meeting in 1992, the conference has grown steadily,
attracting a large number of engineers, scientists, researchers, and managers from
industrial companies, scientific institutions, and government agencies in Canada,
USA,Asia,andEurope,thusbecomingatrulyinternationalevent.
The most recent ICPMSE meeting, originally scheduled for 2010, was post-
poned to 2011. This was because Japanese scientists from JAXA and other
organizations wanted to join ITL in organizing the meeting and even offered to
conductitinJapan.
It seemed for a moment that the devastation caused by the nuclear accident at
Fukushima,whichwastriggeredbyanearthquakeandtsunamioffthePacificcoast
of the Tohoku region of Japan on March 11, 2011, would put in jeopardy the
IPCMSE-10J meeting. However, there were practically no withdrawals or
cancellationsinparticipationduetothesetragicevents.Theorganizingcommittee
is very thankful to all participants who decided to attend the meeting despite the
situationintheNorth-EastregionofJapan.
The year 2011 was very special to the space community worldwide, since it
marked the 50th anniversary of Yuri Gagarin’s spaceflight. Gagarin, popularly
called “The Columbus of the Cosmos,” was the first human being to journey into
outer space, when his Vostok spacecraft completed an orbit of the Earth on April
12, 1961. Half a century ago, Gagarin’s spaceflight kicked off the era of human
spacetravel.Sincethen,humanshaveestablishedasolidpresenceinspacethrough
mannedspacestations,traveltotheMoon,andfutureplansofspacecolonization.
In addition to the ISS that is fully functional, with astronauts and cosmonauts
servicingitandusingitforscientificandcommercialactivities,spacelaboratories
likeChina’sTiangong1arebeingplannedtobelaunched.
The year 2011 was also remarkable in that it marked the end of the US space
shuttleera,withNASAofficiallysettingadateofJune28forthelaunchofthelast
v
vi Preface
space shuttle Atlantis, after which the Atlantis and NASA’s two other orbiters,
DiscoveryandEndeavour,willretireforgood.
New countries with ambitious space exploration programs that include
launching satellites to orbit the Moon, landing on the Moon, and building space
stationsarejoiningtheworldspacecommunity.Marsexplorationprogramsarealso
gettingwidersupportandaregainingmomentum.Acommondenominatorforall
activities of mankind in space is the safety of astronauts and cosmonauts and the
reliability of the structures that operate in conditions of space environment. The
influenceofthespaceenvironmentonmaterialsandstructureswillremain,there-
fore,atimelytopicforyearstocome.Questionsaboutthermalstability,resistance
to radiation, resistance to combined effects of various space factors, etc. will
continue to accumulate with the development of new materials and protective
coatings.
ThegoalsoftheICPMSEmeetingare,therefore,asinthepastyears,tofacilitate
exchangesbetweenmembersofthevariousengineeringdisciplinesinvolvedinthe
development of space materials, including aspects such as environmental hazards
of LEO, GEO, and Deep Space; ground-based qualification; and in-flight
experiments and lessons learned from operational vehicles. To reflect on all such
developments, the program of the meeting, in addition to the traditional topics of
protection of materials and structures from atomic oxygen, VUV, and particle
irradiation and thermal effects includes also such topics as micrometeoroids,
space weather, and relevant protection issues for travel to Moon, Mars, and other
planetsaswellasDeepSpaceexploration.
As a result of a very enthusiastic response to the first call for papers, over 100
contributions covering a wide range of topics on environmental issues were sub-
mittedwithover60ofthembeingpublishedintheseproceedings.
JacobKleiman
MasahitoTagawa
YugoKimoto
Organization
The Tenth International Conference on Protection of Materials
and Structures from Space Environment
ICPMSE-10J
June12–June17,2011
Bankoku-Shinryokan,Okinawa,Japan
GeneralChairperson:Kleiman,J.(ITL/Univ.Toronto,Canada)
Chairpersons:Kimoto,Y.(JAXA,Japan)andTagawa,M.(KobeUniv.,Japan)
International Organizing Committee
Banks,B.A.(Alphaport,USA)
BrietR.(CNES,France)
Cho,M.(KIT,Japan)
deGroh,K.K.(NASA,USA)
Edwards,D.L.(NASA,USA)
Grossman,E.(SOREQ,Israel)
Kimoto,Y.(JAXA,Japan)
Minton,T.K.(MontanaStateUniv.,USA)
Nikanpour,D.(CSA,Canada)
Novikov,L.S.(MoscowStateUniv.,Russia)
Russel,J.F.(ONERA,France)
Tykhy,V.(DesignBureauYuzhnoe,Ukraine)
vanEesbeek,M.(ESTEC,TheNetherlands)
Yang,D.(HarbinInst.Tech.,China)
vii
viii Organization
International Program Committee
Daly,M.(YorkUniversity,Canada)
Feng,W.(BeijingInstituteofSatellite,China)
Finkenor,M.(NASA,USA)
Golden,J.(Boeing,USA)
Grigorievsky,A.V.(JSCKompozit,Russia)
Ishizawa,J.(JAXA,Japan)
Kim,D.W.(SeoulNationalUniv.,Korea)
Semprimoschnig,C.(ESTEC,TheNetherlands)
National Executive Committee
Tagawa,M.(KobeUniv.,Japan,Chair)
Iwata,M.(KIT,Japan)
Matsumoto,K.(JAXA,Japan)
Miyake,H.(TokyoCityUniv.,Japan)
Miyazaki,E.(JAXA,Japan)
Shimamura,H.(JAXA,Japan)
Tachikawa,S.(JAXA/ISAS,Japan)
Watanabe,R.(TokyoCityUniv.,Japan)
Yokota,K.(KobeUniv.,Japan)
Toyama,D.(JTBWesternCorp.,Japan)
Miyagi,T.(OCVB,Japan)
Yamashiro,A.(OCVB,Japan)
Session Moderators
OpeningSessionA
Moderators:JacobKleiman,YugoKimoto,MasahitoTagawa
SessionB1:SpaceEnvironmentalEffectsonMaterialsandStructuresinLEO/GEO
Environment(AO/VUV,Radiation,etc.)
Moderators:BruceA.Banks,EitanGrossman
SessionB2:SpaceEnvironmentalEffectsonMaterialsandStructuresinLEO/GEO
Environment(AO/VUV,Radiation,etc.)
Moderators:KimK.deGroh,YugoKimoto
SessionC:SpaceEnvironmentalEffectsonMaterialsandStructuresinGEO,MEO
andInterplanetaryEnvironments(electrons,protons)
Moderators:HiroakiMiyake,MinoruIwata
Organization ix
Session C2: Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Structures in GEO,
MEOandInterplanetaryEnvironments(electrons,protons)
Moderators:A.V.Grigorevskiy,MasahitoTagawa
Session C3: Space Environmental Effects on Materials and Structures in GEO,
MEOandInterplanetaryEnvironments(electrons,protons)
Moderators:ChristopherSemprimoschnig,EijiMiyazaki
SessionD:Outgassing,debris,contamination,micrometeoroids
Moderators:Ste´phanieRemaury,Jun-ichiroIshizawa
SessionE:FundamentalInteractionsbetweenSpaceEnvironmentandMaterials
Moderators:TimothyK.Minton,SharonK.R.Miller
SessionF1:SynthesisandModificationofMaterialsandSurfacesforProtectionin
Space,MaterialProperties
Moderators:ChristianDurin,HiroyukiShimamura
SessionF2:SynthesisandModificationofMaterialsandSurfacesforProtectionin
Space,MaterialProperties
Moderators:IrinaGouzman,Dea-wonKim
SessionGSpacetribologymaterials
Moderators:RikioWatanabe,KojiMatsumoto
PosterSession
Moderators:RikioWatanabe,KumikoYokota
x Organization
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