Progress in Wall Turbulence: Understanding and Modeling: Proceedings of the WALLTURB International Workshop held in Lille, France, April 21-23, 2009

486 Pages·2011·21.86 MB·English

by  Michel Stanislas

Progress in Wall Turbulence: Understanding
and Modeling
ERCOFTAC SERIES
VOLUME14
SeriesEditors
R.V.A.Oliemans,ChairmanERCOFTAC,
DelftUniversityofTechnology,Delft,TheNetherlands
W.Rodi,DeputyChairmanERCOFTAC,
UniversitätKarlsruhe,Karlsruhe,Germany
AimsandScopeoftheSeries
ERCOFTAC (European Research Community on Flow, Turbulence and Combus-
tion)wasfoundedasaninternationalassociationwithscientificobjectivesin1988.
ERCOFTACstronglypromotesjointeffortsofEuropeanresearchinstitutesandin-
dustries that are active in the field of flow, turbulence and combustion, in order to
enhance the exchange of technical and scientific information on fundamental and
appliedresearchanddesign.Eachyear,ERCOFTACorganizesseveralmeetingsin
theformofworkshops,conferencesandsummerschools,whereERCOFTACmem-
bersandotherresearchersmeetandexchangeinformation.
The ERCOFTAC Series will publish the proceedings of ERCOFTAC meetings,
which cover all aspects of fluid mechanics. The series will comprise proceedings
of conferences and workshops, and of textbooks presenting the material taught at
summerschools.
The series covers the entire domain of fluid mechanics, which includes physical
modelling,computationalfluiddynamicsincludinggridgenerationandturbulence
modelling,measuring-techniques,flowvisualizationasappliedtoindustrialflows,
aerodynamics,combustion,geophysicalandenvironmentalflows,hydraulics,multi-
phaseflows,non-Newtonianflows,astrophysicalflows,laminar,turbulentandtran-
sitionalflows.
Forothertitlespublishedinthisseries,goto
www.springer.com/series/5934
Progress in Wall
Turbulence:
Understanding
and Modeling
Proceedings of the WALLTURB International
Workshop held in Lille, France, April 21–23,
2009
Edited by
Michel Stanislas
UniversitéLille Nordde France,LML, UMRCNRS8107, France
Javier Jimenez
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Spain
and
Ivan Marusic
The University of Melbourne, Australia
Foreword by Rémy Denos
European Commission DGXII
Editors
Prof.MichelStanislas IvanMarusic
UniversitéLilleNorddeFrance TheUniversityofMelbourne
LML,UMRCNRS8107 DepartmentofMechanicalEngineering
CitéScientifique 3010Melbourne,Victoria
boulevardPaulLangevin Australia
59655Villeneuved’AscqCX [email protected]
France
[email protected]
JavierJimenez
UniversidadPolitécnicadeMadrid
SchoolofAeronautics
Pz.CardenalCisneros3
28040Madrid
Spain
[email protected]
Additionalmaterialtothisbookcanbedownloadedfromhttp://extra.springer.com
ISSN1382-4309
ISBN978-90-481-9602-9 e-ISBN978-90-481-9603-6
DOI10.1007/978-90-481-9603-6
SpringerDordrechtHeidelbergLondonNewYork
LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2010937478
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Foreword
Overtheyears,theissueofturbulencehasattractedtheattentionandskillsofmany
researchers, maybe because of the complexity of turbulent flow and the challenge
that its understanding represents for scientists. Between the von Karman analyti-
calexpressionforturbulentboundarylayersprofilesandtheanalysisoftheresults
of Direct Numerical Simulation (DNS), this understanding has considerably pro-
gressed.Amongthedifferentregionsoftheboundarylayer,thewallregionispar-
ticularlychallengingbecausethedimensionsaregettingsosmallthatitisdifficult
toinvestigateitexperimentally.
Wallturb,aEuropeanSynergyfortheAssessmentofWallturbulence,isthefirst
EuropeanCommissionfundedcollaborativeprojectthataddressesnearwallturbu-
lence. During more than 4 years, 16 European partners have collaborated on this
topic.
Theprojectgeneratedconsiderableamountofnewdata,frombothexperiments
and DNS computations. Improved measurement techniques (e.g. high resolution
ParticleImageVelocimetry),highdensitytimeresolvedinstrumentationandscaled
up experiments gave researchers access to a level of detail never achieved before.
A number of test cases were investigated, including the presence of adverse pres-
sure gradients and separated flows. Thanks to the availability of large computing
resources, DNS computations could be carried out at levels of Reynolds number
never computed before. All the data generated was made available for researchers
intheformofdatabases.
In parallel, other groups were working on the turbulence modelling aspects
including Reynolds Average Navier–Stokes methods (RANS), Large Eddy Sim-
ulation (LES) as well as an innovative Low Order Dynamical Systems method
(LODS).Comparisonbetweenexperimentsandcomputationshighlightedstrengths
andweaknessesofthedifferentapproaches.
But what is the rational for a better understanding and for improved prediction
methodsifthesearenotusedforpracticalapplications?Thisiswherethetwoindus-
trialmembersoftheconsortiumbroughttheirneedsandachallengingapplication:
thepredictionofthefrictioncoefficient,whichisdirectlydependentonthevelocity
profileatthewall,aroundthewingofanaircraft.Accuratepredictionofthefriction
coefficientmeansaccuratepredictionofdragandthusoffuelconsumption.
v
vi Foreword
Wallturb has demonstrated that the (sometimes turbulent) mixing of academia,
researchcentresandindustry,and,theassociateddiversityofviewsandapproaches,
resultedinthecreationofnewknowledgeandarealisationthatthefertilityofap-
pliedresearchisdependentonknowledgecreatedbymoreupstreamresearch.The
project has clearly contributed to pushing the boundaries of understanding closer
tothewall,athigherlevelsofReynoldsnumbersandunderconditionsrepresenta-
tiveofaeronauticalapplications.Thishasleadtoabetteraccuracyofthedifferent
predictionmethods,rangingfromthoseusedinacademiatothoseusedinindustry.
Thefinalworkshopwastheoccasiontosharethisnewknowledgedevelopedin
the frame of European cooperation with other parts of the world, whose represen-
tatives acknowledged the high quality and innovativeness of the work performed.
These proceedings of the final workshop attest to the quality of the work and ad-
vancesthathavebeenachievedduringtheproject.
Brussels RémyDenos
Preface
This book is gathering the contributions of most of the participants to the WALL-
TURBworkshopon“Understandingandmodellingofwallturbulence”heldinLille
(France)onApril21stto23rd2009.
This workshop was organized by the WALLTURB consortium, as a final open
workshopoftheWALLTURBproject,inordertopresenttotherelevantscientific
community the main results of the project and to stimulate scientific discussions
aroundthesubjectofwallturbulence.
Theworkshopassembled105participantsfromallovertheworld,7invitedlec-
turers and 46 contributions from which 27 where presented by the WALLTURB
consortiumasanoutputoftheWALLTURBproject.
This workshop was an opportunity to review the recent progress in theoretical,
experimental and numerical approaches to wall turbulence. The problems of zero
pressuregradient,adversepressuregradientandseparatingturbulentboundarylay-
ers were addressed in detail with the three approaches, using most advanced tools
ineachofthem.
Thisbookisgatheringpapersfrommostofthecontributorstotheworkshop.It
is aimed as being a milestone in the research field, thanks to the high level of the
invitedspeakersandtheinvolvementofthecontributors.Itisalsoaimedatbeinga
testimonyoftheachievementoftheWALLTURBproject.
Lille,Madrid,Melbourne MichelStanislas
JavierJimenez
IvanMarusic
vii

Acknowledgements
As WALLTURB coordinator, and in the name of the consortium, I would like to
acknowledge the funding of the European Community, under the 6th framework
program,throughthecontractno AST4-CT-2005-516008.Thisprojectlastedfrom
April1st2005toJune30st2009andallowedthe16partnersoftheconsortium,from
universities,researchorganisationandindustry,tojointheirresearchefforttocon-
tributetotheunderstandingandmodellingofwallturbulence.Cooperativeresearch
project at the European level and at such a scale would not be possible without
thisEuropeanfunding,whichmakesasignificantcontributiontothebuildingofthe
Europeanresearchcommunity.
Lille MichelStanislas
ix