Table Of ContentK.P. Ghiggino
(Ed.)
Progress in
Pacific Polymer Science 3
Proceedings of the Third Pacific
Polymer Conference
Gold Coast, Queensland, December 13-17, 1993
Springer-Verlag
Berlin Heidelberg New York
London Paris Tokyo
Hong Kong Barcelona Budapest
Dr. Ken P. Ghiggino
School of Chemistry
University of Melbourne
3052 Parkville, Victoria
Australia
ISBN-13:978-3-642-78761-4 e-ISBN-13:978-3-642-78759-1
DOl: 10.1007/978-3-642-78759-1
Cip data applied for
This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the
material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations,
recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in other ways, and storage in data
banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions
of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission
for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution
act under German Copyright Law.
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1994
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1994
The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the
absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws
and regulations and therefore free for general use.
Typesetting: Camera-ready by authors
SPIN:I0127464 52/3020-5432 1 0 -Printed on acid -free paper
Progress in Pacific Polymer Science 3
The Pacific Polymer Federation (PPF) is an Association of societies in
the Pacific region, which have at least part of their activities devoted to
polymer science and technology.
The Mission of the PPF is to advance and benefit polymer science and
technology by encouraging and facilitating interaction between polymer
societies in the Pacific region and the exchange of scientific knowledge
through visits by polymer scientists and participation in polymer
conferences.
The PPF was founded in October 1987 by the Division of Polymer
Chemistry of the American Chemical Society, the Society of Polymer Science,
Japan and the Polymer Division of the Royal Australian Chemical Institute.
There are now 14 member societies of the PPF, comprising, in addition
to the founding societies: The Society of Polymer Science of Korea (1988),
the Macromolecular Science and Engineering Division of the Chemical
Institute of Canada (1988), the Polymer and Industrial Section of the
Malaysian Institute of Chemistry (1988), the Polymer Division of the Chinese
Chemical Society of the People's Republic of China (1989), the Polymer
Group of the New Zealand Institute of Chemistry (1989), the Division of High
Polymer Physics of the American Physical Society (1990), the Plastics and
Rubber Institute of Singapore (1990), the Polymer Society, Taipei (1993), the
Division of Polymers and Organic Materials of the Mexican Academy of
Materials Sciences (1993), the Division of Polymer Science of the Chemical
Society of Vietnam (1993) and the Indonesian Polymer Association (1993).
An application for membership is pending from the Polymer Society of
Thailand.
The policies for the operation and development of the PPF are
determined by the Council, which meets once per year. The current
Officers of the PPF are: President: Joe Salamone (USA), Vice-President:
Chung Yup Kim (Korea), Deputy Vice-President: Renyuan Qian (China),
Secretary-Treasurer: Jim McGrath (USA). A PPF Newsletter is published
annually.
PACIFIC pOLYMER CONFERENCES
The main activity of the PPF is to hold a Pacific Polymer Conference
every two years, which is organized by the host member society. The 1st
Pacific Polymer Conference was held on 12-16 December 1989 in Maui
(Hawaii, USA) and the 2nd Pacific Polymer Conference was held at Lake
Biwa, otsu, near Kyoto (Japan) on 26-29 November 1991.
The 3rd Pacific Polymer Conference, PPC-3, was held on 13-17
December 1993 at the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia and organized by
the Polymer Division of the Royal Australian Chemical Institute. There
were 528 participants, including 117 students) from 23 countries, with the
highest numbers coming from Australia (277), Japan (121), USA (40) and
Korea (30). The scientific program comprised 50 Invited Lectures, 250
contributed Oral Presentations and 150 Posters, with up to 9 concurrent
sessions. There were also Plenary Forums on "'The Future of Polymer
VI
Science and Technology in the Pacific Region" and "Polymer Materials and
the Environment".
The 4th Pacific Polymer Conference will be held in Kauai (Hawaii,
USA) in December 1995, the 5th Pacific Polymer Conference in Korea in 1997
and the 6th Pacific Polymer Conference in China in 1999.
pROGRESS IN PACIFIC pOLYMER SCIENCE
Invited Lectures from each Pacific Polymer Conference have been
published by Springer-Verlag as a hard-cover book of about 350 pages
with the title: "Progress in Pacific Polymer Science··, and provides a
permanent record of the current status of major topics in polymer science.
The 3rd Pacific Polymer Conference continues this tradition with this
publication of ··Progress in Pacific Polymer Science 3".
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The 3rd Pacific Polymer Conference was organized by a Committee of
30 Australian polymer scientists, assisted by an International Advisory
Committee representing all of the member societies of the PPF and an
Honorary Advisory Committee. Particular mention should be made of the
contributions of Peter Pomery (Secretary), David Hill (Treasurer, Program
and Preprints), Graeme George (Program and Preprints). Bruce Guise
(Promotion) and Ken Ghiggino (Editor of Progress in Pacific Polymer Science
3).
Jim O'Donnell
Chairman of the Organizing Committee for PPC-3
President of the Pacific Polymer Federation 1993
31 January 1994
PPF COUNCIL
(Photo taken at PPC-3 Banquet)
Back row (1 to r)
Sung Chul Kim (Korea), Akihiro Abe (Japan), Chung Yup Kim (Ko
rea), David Hill (Australia), Hardy Chan (Singapore), Koichi Ha
tada (Japan), Chee-Cheong Ho (Malaysia)
Front row (1 to r)
Mrs. S. C. Kim (Korea), R~nYUan Qian (China), Noer Surdia (Indo
nesia), Almeria Na£ansohn (Canada), Jim O'Donnell (Australia),
Supawan Tantayanon (Thailand), Joe Salamone (USA), Neil Edmonds
(NZ)
Absent
Jim McGrath (USA), Phil Pincusc (USA), Takeshi Ogawa (Mexico),
Leo-Wang Chen (Taiwan), Dang van Luyen (Vietnam)
a for Basil Favis, b observer status at PPC-3, c for Hyuk Yu
Contents
Kinetics of Phase Separation of Polymer Blends
T. Nose ..................................................... 1
Cell Adhesion and Protein Adsorption on Gradient Surfaces
H.B. Lee. J .H. Lee .......................................... 13
Rheological Properties of Blends: Facts and Challenges
P.J. Carreau. M. Bousmina. A. Ajji. ......................... 25
Hydroboration Polymerization
Y. Chujo .................................................... 41
Stereospecific Polymerization of Styrene
M. Kuramoto ................................................. 53
Polymer Design for Minimally Adhesive Surfaces
K.J. Wynne. T. Ho. R.A. Nissan. X. Chen.
J .A. Gardella. Jr. . ....................................... 63
Some Recent Developments in the Aminoxyl Radical Trapping
Technique
S.E. Bottle. W.K. Busfield. I.D. Grice. K. Heiland.
I.D. Jenkins. W. Meutermans. M. Monteiro .................... 85
The Surface Excess Structure in 1.4-Polyisoprene-Polyacetylene
Copolymer Solutions
J.W. White. J.C.H. Kerr. J. Penfold. P.M. Saville.
R. K. Thomas ................................................. 99
Helix-Sense-Selective Polymerization of Methacrylates and Con
formational Characteristics of the Polymers
Y. Okamoto. T. Nakano ...................................... 111
Spectroscopic Studies of Conducting Polymers on Oxide Catalysts
G.J. Millar. G.F. McCann. G.A. Bowmaker. R.P. Cooney ....... 123
Synthesis of Poly(p-Epoxystyrene-co-N-Phenylmaleimide-co
-styrene)
B. Pulpoka. P.C. Ternai. F. Schue. S. Tantayanon ........... 137
Production. Modifications and Applications of Chitosan in
Vietnam
D. Van Luyen ............................................... 147
A Novel Polymer Film that Controls Light Transmission
M. Honda. S. Hozumi. S. Kitayama ........................... 159
The y-Initiated Degradation of Polypropylene: Stabilization by
Phenols
D.J. Carlsson. S. Falicki. J.M. Cooke. D.J. Gosciniak ...... 171
Construction of Polypeptide Tertiary Structure by the Template
Assisted Synthesis
Y. Imanishi. S. Kimura. T. Tsuchimoto ...................... 181
x
A New Family of Water-Soluble Polymers: Polymers of N-Substituted
Acrylamide Derivatives
S. Fujishige ............................................... 191
The Measurement and Meaning of Rate Coefficients in Free-Radical
Polymerizations
J.P.A. Heuts, P.A. Clay, D.I. Christie, M.C. Piton,
J. Hutovic, S.H. Kable, R.G. Gilbert ....................... 203
Structure -Reactivity Relationships in Acyclic Diene Metathesis
(ADMET) Polymerization
K.B. Wagener ............................................... 217
In-Situ Spectroscopy of Redox Reaction in PPY
D.Y. Kim, D.H. Kim, J.Y. Lee, C.Y. Kim ............ ......... 225
Disubstituted Poly(bithiophene)s: Syntheses and Applications
H.S.O. Chan, S.C. Ng, H.H. Huang, S.H. Seow ................ 237
Fluorescence Studies of Polymer Diffusion Across Interface
M.A. Winnik, H.-B. Kim, S. Kawaguchi ....................... 247
Recent Studies on ~-Crystalline Form of Isotactic Polypropylene
G. Shi ..................................................... 259
Controlling Sequence Distribution in Copolyesters
C.W. Potter, J.C. Lim, G. Serpe, J. Economy ................ 271
Performance on Demand - A New Era in Polymer Science (A Case
Study using Conducting Polymers)
G.G. Wallace ............................................... 283
Reversible Optical storage in Azo Polymers
A. Natansohn, P. Rochon .................................... 295
Highly Electrically Conductive Polymer Composites and Blends
T.J. Kang, Y. Miyaki, J.H. Han, T. Motobe, Y.E. Whang,
S. Miyata .................................................. 307
Single-Chain Single Crystal
H. Bu, E. Chen, S. Xu ...................................... 313
Polymers in New Water Treatment Technologies
B.A. Bolto ................................................. 325
Novel Application of Natural Rubber Latex as Natural Flocculant
for Tin Tailings Slurry
C.C. Ho, K.C. Lee, E.B. Yeap ............................... 337
Liquid Natural Rubber: Preparation and Application
I. Abdullah ................................................ 351
A Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of the Microstructure of Po
ly(Vinyl Alcohol)
S. Amiya ................................................... 367
XI
Enhancing Reinforcement Effects of Polymers in Asphalt:
An Applied Approach to Solid Waste Disposal
W.H. Daly. Z. Qiu. J. Youngblood. I. Negulescu ............. 381
Rigid-Rod Polyimides with n-Alkoxymethyl Side Chains
S.-B. Park. Y.-J. Choi. W.-C. Zin. J.C. Jung ............... 401
New Developments in Perfluoroelastomers: Chemistry. Properties
and Applications
A.L. Logothetis ............................................ 411
Oriental Lacquer
Otto Vogl. Jan Bartus. Meifang Qin. John D. Mitchell ....... 423
Author Index ................................................. 433
Subject Index ................................................ 435
Kinetics of Phase Separation of Polymer Blends
Takuhei NOSE
Department of Polymer Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology
2-12-1 Ookayama, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 152 JAPAN
INTRODUCTION
The phase diagram, especially coexistence curve, can provide us an indispensable
information in studying the phase separation kinetics since it gives the stability
and the fractional phase volume of the system that are most important factors
controlling the phase separation processes. In spite of its importance, there are a
very few studies because of experimental difficulties. In this study, we have
overcome the difficulties and determined precise coexistence curves of polymer
blends.[1-4] Taking advantage of the established coexistence curves, we have
studies kinetics of early and late stages of phase separation. As to the early stage,
time-evolution of concentration fluctuations in the metastable region has been
studied using time-resolved synchrotron small-angle x-ray scattering.[5] For the
late stage, the crossover from co-continuous to droplet structure has been
investigated, which is primarily governed by the fractional phase volume.[6]
Furthermore, using the information obtained here, the morphological structure
induced by two-step temperature jump has also been investigated.[7-9] Through
these studies, we will demonstrate importance of the coexistence curve in studying
phase-separation kinetics.
EXPERIMENTAL
Materials and Samples
Polystyrenes(PS) were commercial ones with narrow molecular weight distri
butions. Poly(2-chlorostyrene)s(p2CIS) were radically polymerized and fraction
ated to be of narrow molecular-weight distribution. Characteristics of PS and
P2CIS used and their sample codes are listed in Table 1. Di-n-butyl phthalate
(DBP) , which is thermodynamically good for both of PS and P2CIS, was added to
the blends for adjusting the phase boundary and the phase separation to
appropriate range of temperature and rate, respectively. Blend systems used and
their codes are shown in Table 2, and the sample code Y-PSXX, specifying the
blend system Y with PS volume composition XX % in the total polymers, will be
used.
K.P. Ghiggino (Ed.)
Progress in Pacific Polymer Science 3
© Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 1994
