Progress in modern hydrology : past, present and future

430 Pages·2015·19.538 MB·English

by  John C. Rodda, Mark Robinson

PROGRESS IN MODERN
HYDROLOGY: PAST,
PRESENT AND FUTURE
Teddington Weir: This is the lowest gauging station on the Thames and provides the longest continuous
recordofflowintheUK,andoneofthelongestflowrecordsintheworld.Systematicflowmeasurement
beganin1883andthereisawealthofdocumentaryevidencerelatingtohistoricalfloods.Priortothetwenti-
ethcentury,snowmelt-aggravatedfloodeventsweremorecommon;extremeexamplesinclude1809,when
anumberofbridgesacrosstheThamesweredestroyed.Urbanisationandagriculturalintensificationhave
influencedfloodflowstotheriversystem,andriverengineeringworksparticularlyfollowingthedisastrous
1947 flood have increased the capacity of the Thames. Thus, while peak flows exhibit little trend, peak
riverlevels–theprimarycauseofoverbankflooding–decreasedappreciablythroughthetwentiethcentury.
(Source:ReproducedbypermissionofEnvironmentAgency.)
Progress in Modern
Hydrology: Past,
Present and Future
Edited by
John C. Rodda and Mark Robinson
Honorary Fellows at the Centre for Ecology and Hydrology,
Maclean Building, Crowmarsh Gifford, Wallingford,
Oxfordshire, OX10 8BB, UK
Thiseditionfirstpublished2015©2015byJohnWiley&SonsLtd
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LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Progressinmodernhydrology:past,presentandfuture/editedbyJohnRoddaandMarkRobinson.
pagescm
Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex.
ISBN978-1-119-07427-4(cloth)
1.InstituteofHydrology(GreatBritain)–Research.2.CentreforEcologyandHydrology
(GreatBritain)–Research.3.Hydrology–Research.I.Rodda,J.C.,editor.II.Robinson,M.(Mark),1953-editor.
GB658.8.G7P762015
551.48–dc23
2015018213
AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary.
Wileyalsopublishesitsbooksinavarietyofelectronicformats.Somecontentthatappearsinprintmaynotbe
availableinelectronicbooks.
Coverimage:FloodingoftheRiverThamesatWallingford,OxfordshiretakenbyRAFBensonon7thJanuary
2003,severaldaysafterthepeakwhichwasthehighestsince1947inmanyreachesoftheThames.TheCentre
forHydrologyandEcologyissituatedabovethefloodwatersatthetoplefthandcornerofthephotograph.
(Source:CrownCopyright2003,ReproducedunderOpenGovernmentLicencev2).
Setin9.5/11.5ptTrumpMediaevalbyLaserwordsPrivateLimited,Chennai,India.
1 2015
ProgressinModernHydrologyisdedicatedtothememoryofDrJimMcCullochwhopassedawaywhile
thebookwasbeingprepared.JimwillberememberedforhisdistinguishedleadershipoftheInstituteof
Hydrologyandhistirelesspromotionofthescienceduringalongcareer.
Thisvolumewaspreparedtomarkthe50thanniversaryofthefoundingoftheNaturalEnvironment
ResearchCouncilin1965andtohighlightinexcessof50yearsofhydrologicalresearchatWallingford;
firstattheHydraulicsResearchStation,thenattheHydrologicalResearchUnitandtheInstituteof
HydrologyandcurrentlyattheCentreforEcologyandHydrology.

Contents
ListofContributors, ix 5 THE PHYSICS OF ATMOSPHERIC
ChapterReviewers, xiii INTERACTION, 135
Foreword, xv ColinLloydandSylviaOliver
Preface, xvii
Acknowledgements, xix
6 WATER RESOURCES SECURITY, 183
Acronyms, xxi
FrankFarquharson,MaxBeran,
JohnBromley,AlanGustard,Helen
1 INTRODUCTION, 1 Houghton-Carr,GwynRees,JohnSutcliffe,
JohnC.Rodda,MarkRobinson,Jim andAndyYoung
McCulloch,ChristineMcCulloch,Alan
Jenkins,
7 HYDROLOGICAL MODELLING, 216
TerryMarsh,CeliaKirby,IanLittlewood,
KeithBeven,JamesBathurst,Enda
MaxBeran,andGrahamLeeks
O’Connell,IanLittlewood,JimBlackie,and
MarkRobinson
2 BASIN STUDIES AND
INSTRUMENTATION, 23
8 WATER QUALITY, 240
IanStrangeways,MarkRobinson,
RichardWilliams,ColinNeal,HelenJarvie,
JimHudson,JohnC.Rodda,Malcolm
AndrewJohnson,PaulWhitehead,Mike
Newson,andDavidJ.Cooper
Bowes,andAlanJenkins
3 RISKS AND EXTREMES, 60
9 ECOHYDROLOGY, 267
LisaStewart,MaxBeran,FrankFarquharson,
MikeC.Acreman,JamesR.Blake,
DuncanFaulkner,DavidJones,
LaurenceR.Carvalho,MikeJ.Dunbar,
ThomasKjeldsen,MalcolmNewson,
IainD.M.Gunn,AlanGustard,IanD.Jones,
EndaO’Connell,andJohnSutcliffe
CedricLaizé,StephenC.Maberly,
EleanorB.Mackay,LindaMay,
4 TERRESTRIAL HYDROLOGICAL J.OwenMountford,BryanM.Spears,
PROCESSES, 100 CharlieJ.Stratford,StephenJ.Thackeray,
DavidJ.Cooper,JohnBell,MartinHodnett, andIanJ.Winfield
KeithBeven,KevinGilman,AtulHaria,
CateGardner,MarkRobinson,JonEvans,and
HelenWard
viii Contents
10 CLIMATE CHANGE AND 12 LOOKING TOWARDS THE
HYDROLOGY, 302 FUTURE, 366
RichardHarding,NigelArnell, JohnC.Rodda,MarkRobinson,AlanJenkins,
NickReynard,ChristelPrudhomme, KeithBeven,MaxBeran,andGraham
EleanorBlyth,andChrisTaylor Leeks
11 HYDROLOGICAL DATA
Index 379
ACQUISITION AND
EXPLOITATION, 324
TerryMarsh,RogerMoore,HarryDixon,
JamieHannaford,AlanGustard,AndyYoung,
MelindaLewis,ColinNeal,andGwyn
Rees