Production Methods and Workability of Concrete

560 Pages·1996·29.171 MB·\560

by  P.J.M. Bartos (Editor), D.J. Cleland (Editor), D.L. Marrs (Editor)

Production Methods and
Workability of Concrete
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Production Methods
and Workability
of Concrete
Proceedings of the
International RILEM Conference
Paisley, Scotland
June 3-5, 1996
EDITED BY
P.J.M. Bartos and D.L. Marrs
Advanced Concrete Technology Group,
Department of Civil, Structural and Environmental Engineering,
University of Paisley, Scotland
and
D.J. Cleland
Department of Civil Engineering, The Queen 's University, Belfast,
Northern Ireland
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© 1996 RILEM 1996
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Contents
Preface ix
International Scientific Advisory Committee xi
PART ONE PRODUCTION MIXERS AND MIXING PROCESSES 1
1 Efficiency of concrete mixers 3
Y. Charonnat
2 Development of a new-type mixer based on a new mixing system 11
K. Maeda
3 The effects of mixing technique on microsilica concrete 27
A.K. Tamimi
4 Strength development of mortar and concrete prepared by the 'sand
enveloped with cement* method 35
P. Rougeron, A. Tagnit-Hamou and P. Laplante
5 Quality control in concrete mixing 45
Y. Charonnat
PART TWO PRODUCTION METHODS 55
6 System-specific evaluation of fresh concrete transport systems in the
construction of dam walls 57
H. Beitzel
7 High performance concrete for exposed civil works structures -
guidelines for execution 67
F. Meyer and J. Frandsen
8 Steel fibre concrete for underwater concrete slabs 79
H. Falkner and V. Henke
PART THREE SPRAYED AND VERY DRY PRECASTING
MIXES 93
9 Shootability of fresh shotcrete 95
D. Beaupré
vi Contents
10 Production of steel fibre reinforced sprayed concrete and the influence
of setting accelerator dosage on durability 109
A. March, J. L0ken, T. Farstad and K. Reknes
11 New liquid alkali-free fast setting agent: a step forward in sprayed
concrete technology 115
E. Prat, L. Frouin and J. Dugat
12 Very dry precasting concretes 125
K.J. Juvas
13 Mechanical behaviour of very dry mixed concrete under concrete
placement 141
Y. Murakami, T. Tautsumi, N. Yasuda, M. Matsushima and M. Ohtsu
PART FOUR FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE 153
14 Proportioning, mixing and placement of fibre-reinforced cements and
concretes 155
C.D. Johnston
15 Properties of high strength plain and fibre-reinforced concretes 181
M.R. Taylor, F.D. Lydon and B.I.G. Barr
16 Development and testing of self-compacting low strength slurries for
SEFCON 199
D.L. Marrs and P.J.M. Bartos
17 Interaction between metal-metalloid glassy alloy ribbon reinforcement
and fresh and hardened concrete 209
K. Forkel, D. Vollhardt, H. Zastrow, H. Lichtenfeld and P.J.M. Bartos
18 Influence of different steel fibres on workability of fresh concrete 215
K. Trtik and J. Vodicka
PART FIVE FLOWING AND SUPERFLUID MIXES 221
19 Design and testing of self-compacting concrete 223
P.L. Domone and H.-W. Chai
20 Basic properties and effects of welan gum on self-consolidating
concrete 237
N. Sakata, K. Maruyama and M. Minami
21 Effect of properties of mix constituents on rheological constants of
self-compacting concrete 255
S. Nishibayashi, A. Yoshino, S. Inoue and T. Kuroda
Contents vii
22 Effect of mix constituents on rheological properties of super workable
concrete 263
T. Shindoh, K. Yokota and K. Yokoi
23 Experimental research on the material properties of super flowing
concrete 271
J R. Kim, S.H. Han, Y.D. Park, J.H. Noh, C.L. Park, Y.H. Kwon and
S.G. Lee
24 Flowing concrete with packed powder superplasticiser 285
K. Goto, M. Hayakawa, T. Ukigai and N. Tobori
PART SIX RHEOLOGY 293
25 New generation of superplasticisers 295
P. Billberg, Ô. Petersson and J. Norberg
26 Effect of some plasticisers on the rheological behaviour of fresh
cement paste 307
O. Wallevik and T. Simmerman
27 Vibration and the rheology of fresh concrete - a further look 319
P.F.G. Banfill
28 The efficiency of SNF-type superplasticiser in Portland cement pastes 327
R. Mannonen and V. Penttala
29 Rheological behaviour of mortars and concretes: experimental
approach 343
C. Lanos, M. Laquerbe and C. Casandjian
PART SEVEN TEST METHODS 355
30 Equivalent slump 357
K.W. Day
31 Continuous control of fresh concrete using the FCT101 tester 365
T. Steiner
32 A presentation of the BML viscometer 369
J.H. Mork
33 Evolution of the workability of superplasticised concretes: assessment
with the BTRHEOM rheometer 377
F. de Larrard, T. Sedran, C. Hu, J.C. Szitkar, M. Joly and F. Derkx
34 A new workability test on consolidation-free flowing (CFF) concrete 389
S. Kakuta and T. Kokado
viii Contents
35 Assessment of washout resistance of a fresh concrete by the MC-1 test 399
M. Ceza and P. J.M. Bartos
36 Setting and hardening of concrete continuously monitored by elastic
waves 415
H.W. Reinhardt and C.U. Grosse
PART EIGHT MIX DESIGN AND MODELS 427
37 A particle-matrix model for prediction of workability of concrete 429
E. M0rtsell, M. Maage and S. Smeplass
38 Mix design of self-compacting concrete (SCC) 439
T. Sedran, F. de Larrard, F. Hourst and C. Contamines
39 Interaction of particles in fibre reinforced concrete 451
P J.M. Bartos and C.W. Hoy
40 Statistical models to predict flowability, washout resistance and strength
of underwater concrete 463
K.H. Khayat, M. Sonebi, A. Yahia and C.B. Skaggs
41 A model for self-compacting concrete 483
O. Petersson, P. Billberg and B.K. Van
PART NINE SPECIAL CEMENTS AND CONCRETES 493
42 Some aspects of fresh clay-cement mixes foamed by a biological agent 495
M. Ruzicka, D. Lorin and M. Queneudec
43 Production and testing of concrete with high specific heat 505
J. Lindgard and K. Johansen
44 Flowable concrete for structural repairs 515
A. McLeish
45 Influence of fine mineral additions on workability and mechanical
properties of cement pastes and mortars 523
J.L. Gallias, S. Aggoun, R. Cabrillac and R. Kara-Ali
Author index 537
Subject index 539
Preface
Concrete production processes, particularly the mixing stage and
the behaviour of ordinary or special mixes in their fresh state
are fundamental to the achievement of a cost-effective but
technically advanced concrete construction. To effect a genuine
technology transfer, the advances in quality of ordinary
concretes and properties of special concretes have to be matched
by appropriate developments in the construction process itself.
Last decade has seen a very large expansion in the range of
materials used in concrete construction, including many new high-
performance, special concretes and innovative concrete
construction methods. Practical trials showed that outstanding
properties which were observed in research laboratories were
obtainable in practice, however, the focus of the initial
research and technical development had been firmly on the
performance and properties of the final product, namely on the
strength, durability and other key characteristics of hardened
concrete.
The production process parameters and behaviour of the new high-
performance, special concretes when fresh often differ very
considerably from that of an 'ordinary' concrete. However, the
production methods used during the research stage were often
chosen arbitrarily and there was little practical guidance
available for those who attempted to use the new high-
performance, special concretes in full-scale, commercial
projects. It soon began to be appreciated that the mixing
processes had to be adapted and correct properties of the
special concretes in their fresh state were the key quality
control indicators critical for a successful execution of the
construction process and a satisfactory performance of the
material in its hardened form. The shortage of an independent
guidance for design engineers, specifiers and contractors on a
selection of a technically appropriate mixing plant and on cost
effective construction based on the special, high performance
mixes began to be felt strongly by the industry. This led to an
establishment in 1992 of RILEM Committees TC 145-WSM on
Workability of Special Concrete Mixes and TC 150-ECM on
Efficiency of Concrete Mixes under chairmanships of Peter JM
Bartos and Harald Beitzel respectively. The Committee 145
concerned with workability aims to produce practical guidelines
for production of a range of special mixes while the Committee
150 will establish a comprehensive system for a rational
assessment of performance of concrete mixers.
This book contains papers selected for publication and
presentation at the International RILEM Conference on Production
Methods and Workability of Concrete held in Glasgow on 3-5th June
1996. The Conference represented the culmination of work of the
two RILEM Technical Committees and provided an international
forum for a discussion of the proposed guidance on production and