Probopyrus insularis, a new species (Isopoda: Bopyridae), a parasite of Macrobrachium faustinum (Saussure de, 1857) (Decapoda: Palaemonidae), with criteria to differentiate species of Probopyrus

11 Pages·2001·4.1 MB·

by  R Roman-Contreras

PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OFWASHINGTON
114(4):918-928. 2001.
Probopyrus insularis, a new species (Isopoda: Bopyridae), a parasite
of Macrobrachium faustinum (Saussure de, 1857) (Decapoda:
Palaemonidae), with criteria to differentiate species of Probopyrus
Ramiro Roman-Contreras and Roland Bourdon
(RRC) Laboratorio de Parasitologia Marina, Institute de Ciencias del Mar y Limnologia,
Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM). P.O. Box 70-305, Mexico 04510. E-mail:
[email protected]
(RB) 1 Impasse Corbiere, Roscoff 29680, France
—
Abstract. Probopyrus insularis n. sp. parasiting Macrobrachiumfaustinum
(Saussure de, 1857) from the Caribbean Islands is mainly distinguished by the
shape of the: pleotelson in both sexes; carina of the seventh legs in females;
palp of the maxillipeds in females; and pleon in males. Characters used to
&
distinguish species of Probopyrus Giard Bonnier, 1888 are discussed.
Two new American species of Probopy- In a previous paper Roman-Contreras
rus recently have been described as part of (1993) summarized and proposed a series
an ongoing taxonomic study of these para- of diagnostic characters for the genus Pro-
sitic isopods. Probopyrus pacificensis Ro- bopyrus. These characters are updated and
man-Contreras, 1993, and P. markhami Ro- applied to this description (Tables 1 and 2).
man-Contreras, 1996, both were described
from the west coast ofMexico. Here a new Genus Probopyrus Giard & Bonnier, 1
Probopyrus parasitizing Macrobrachium Probopyrus insularis, new species
faustinum (Saussure de, 1857) from Jamai- Figs. 1-22
ca, Puerto Rico, Guadeloupe and Cuba is
described. Other American species new to Holotype female.—VS^M 120073. Al-
USNM
science are expected as taxonomic research lotype male 306876, prepared for
continues. SEM; C. W. Hart Jr. coll., 7 Jan 1960, Trib-
Holthuis (1977) recorded M. faustinum utary of Trunnels River, St. Mary Parish,
parasitized by "bopyrids" from Cuba; and Jamaica.
—
& USNM
Kensley Schotte (1989), and Bunkley- Other material examined.
&
Williams Williams (1998) have assigned 235988: one young female, Rio Cruces,
m W
M. faustinum as host of Probopyrus pan- 1500 of Sabana Grande, Puerto Rico.
USNM
dalicola (Packard, 1879). These records, 235990: one female, one male, 8
however, might be a misidentification ofthe May 1953, Rio Lajas, 3000 m S of Vega
new species described here. Macrobrach- Alta, Puerto Rico. USNM 63309: one fe-
iumfaustinum, the only host known forthis male, one male, J. C. Welsh Jr. coll., Cuba.
new species, has been reported from the One female, one male, Serre coll., 1910,
United States, Venezuela and the Antilles Cuba (in the Museum National d'Histoire
by Chace & Hobbs Jr. (1969), Holthuis & Naturelle, Paris). Twenty one females and
Provenzano (1970), Chace (1972), Dugger males, Y. Therezien coll. and det. hosts, 2
&
Dobkin (1975), Pereira (1991), Fievet Dec 1977, Belle Eau, village de I'Habituee,
(1998, 1999a, 1999b, 2000), Fievet et al. Guadeloupe. Ten females, eight males, Y.
(1996, 1999) and Bowles et al. (2000). The Therezien coll. and det. hosts, 30 Oct 1978,
new isopod may be present in these areas. Lezarde estuary, Guadeloupe. Twenty nine
VOLUME 114, NUMBER 4 919
females, 26 males, E. Fievet coll. and det. cept on distal portion (Fig. 6). Oostegites
hosts, Dec 1996, Bananie River, Guade- 2-4 progressively longer; oostegites 3-4 on
loupe. Material from Guadeloupe deposited larger side unpigmented; fifth oostegites
at collections of t—he authors. longer than others, slightly falcate, ending
Type locality. Tributary of Trunnels in blunt tip, densely setose along posterior
River, St. Mary —Parish, Jamaica. margin, extending across posterior region
Distribution. Jamaica, Puerto Rico, of marsupium and overlapping each other.
Cuba, and Guadeloupe. — Pereopods with massive basipodite, dacty-
Host for all specimens. Macrobrach- lus hook shape (Fig. 7). Robust high carina
iuinfaustin—um. on pereopods, either rectangular (P1-P2),
Habitat. Freshwater. convex (P3-P4) or subquadrangular (P5-
—
Description ofholotypefemale. Length P7) (Fig. 8). Pigmentated spots on basis of
10.3 mm, from border of first pereonite to pereopods 1-5 on short side; basis of pe-
tip of sixth pleonite; maximal width at third reopods 6-7 on short side, and 1-7 on larg-
pereonite, 7 mm. Distortion angle 26°, out- er side, unpigmentated. Pleon 0.3 times
line pyriform (Figs. 1, 2). Head almost as body length, five dorsal and laterally sepa-
wide as long, front rounded, posterior bor- rated pleonites; lateral plates lamellar, al-
der deeply inserted into first pereonite, sur- most rounded or slightly truncated. Pleotel-
face smooth. No well defined frontal lami- son bell-shaped, relatively small, bilobated,
na, indicated by only a narrow line; antero- deep fissure in the middle, lobes unseparat-
lateral comers of head produced into slight ed, tips shorter than the fifth lateral plates
rounded tips. Antennula and antenna bis- (Fig. 2). Five pairs of biramous foliate ple-
egmented; antennula ovoid, 4-5 spines on opods completely covering ventral surface
distal tip; antennae smaller than antennulae, of pleon, each different in shape and size;
basal portion wider than antennulae, distal exopods on large side enlarged, increasing
one subspheric-shape (Fig. 3); both anten- in length from first to fifth, protruding no-
nae with small dispersed pectinate scales on tably from tips of pleon (Figs. 1, 2, 15);
surface. Maxilliped bisegmented, subovoid, endopods decreasing in size from first to
anterolaterally convex, nonsetose palp fifth; larger exopods on opposite side slight-
formed by two digitiform processes (Fig. ly rippled (Fig. 9); urop—ods absent.
4). Three pairs of smooth, lamellar projec- Description of male. Length 1.84 mm,
tions on barbula; inner lateral projections width 0.6 mm; body unpigmented. Head
lanceolate, outer ones slightly larger and twice as wide as long, slightly depressed at
wider, third one smallerthan formerandbe- middle (Figs. 10, 12, 13); posterior margin
neath them; middle region rounded (Fig. 5); almost straight, anterolateral borders round-
eyes absent. Pereonites dorsally distinct; ed. Antennae different in size and shape; an-
border ofpereonites 1-4 produced into dis- tennula three-segmented, bottle-shape, prox-
tinct dorsolateral bosses, coxal plates nar- imal portion globose, upper portion small,
row (Fig. 2). Oostegites completely sur- button shape, eight obscure small spines on
rounding but not enclosing marsupium; tip. Antenna bisegmented, slightly smaller
oostegite 1 relatively large, partially cov- and thinner than antennula, cylindrical, with
ering head and anteriorpartofbroodpouch; short proximal basis; stout short setae on tip
anterior segment transversely ovoid and of distal article. Both antennae with small
concave, frontal border rounded and slight- pyramidal or rounded pectinate scales on
ly undulate; distal segment digitiform, larg- surface (Fig. 11). Maxillipeds absent. No
er axis perpendicular to the former; digiti- eyes. Pereon wider at second pereonite, 4—7
form process on inner ridge, distal portion progressively shorter; tips of pereonites
smooth, small spines on inner border; retic- subglobose, reflexed ventrally, small scales
ulated black pigmentation on surface, ex- on ventral surface; midventral tubercles ab-
920 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
—
Table L Morphological comparative characters for the American species oiProbopyrus (Females). (Hosts:
M. = Macrobrachium, P. = Palaemonetes, Pa. = Palaemon)^
Characters
Concavityon Cephalon:
shortside Body, Pigmentationon shapeofthe Cephalon:
Species/host Bodyshape ofbody distalregion pereomeres2-4- posteriorregion frontalborder
P. insularisi Pyriform Present Pointed On short Rounded, Convex
M.faustinum side ovoid, or
subtriangular
P. bithynislM. ohionis Pyriform Present Pointed On short Triangular Right
(sic) side
P. bithynislM. olfersii
P. markhamil Ovoid or Absent Rounded On short Subpentagonal Right
M. americanum pyriform side
P. meekilM. acanthurus Pyriform Shght Rounded Absent Ovoid Convex
P. pacificensisi Pyriform Present Pointed On short Ovoid Right
M. tenellum side
P. panamensisi Pyriform Present Pointed On short Ovoid Convex
M. acanthurus side
P.floridensisi Pyriform or Present or Pointed On short Ovoid or Right or
P. pahidosus ovoid absent side triangular acute
P. pandalicolal Pyriform Shght Rounded On 2 sides Rounded Convex
P. hiltonii
P. pandalicolalP. pugio Ovoid Absent Rounded On 2 sides Rounded or Right or
ovoid convex
P. pandalicolal Pyriform, Present or Pointed or On 2 sides Rounded or Right or
P. vulgaris ovoid or absent rounded triangular convex
rounded
P. ringueletil Ovoid Absent Pointed Ovoid Acute
P. argentinus
P. palaemonil Ovoid Absent Pointed or On 2 sides Rounded or Right or
Pa. pandaliformis rounded triangular convex
Sources: see Table 2.
sent. Isomorphic pereopods, larger posteri- its position. In P. insularis the shape ofthe
orly, uncarinated. Pleon outline subtriangu- carina is rectangular in P1-P2, convex in
lar, slightly narrower than seventh pereonite, P3-P4, or subquadrangular in P5-P7, in-
distinct pleonites separated laterally; four creasing its size behind.
pairs of sessile ovoid pleopods conspicuous In adult specimens the palp of the max-
in ventral view; gross pleotelson triangular illiped usually is prominent and finger-like,
shape, wide basis and rounded tip (Fig. 10); sometimes with apairofdistal setae; in oth-
uropods absent—. er specimens the shape ofthe maxilliped is
Etymology. The specific name refers to subquadrate, rudimentary, reduced to a
the Caribbean islands, where the examined small, acute, lateral point, or bearing two
specimens were collected. — digital processes directe—d outward.
Variation in female specimens. In Variation in males. The body shape
younger specimens the cleft of the pleotel- and size in males varies with the state of
son is open V-shaped, and the tips of the development (Figs. 12-14). The pleon in P.
lobes reach to orbeyond the tips ofthe fifth insularis is composed by four or five pleon-
pleonite (Fig. 15). Size and shape of the ites, depending upon the state of develop-
carina of the pereopods varies according to ment, which are differentiated dorsally and
VOLUME 114,]MUMBER 4 921
—
Table 1. Extended.
Characters
Palpofmaxilliped Height&Shape Pleopods:protrusion
&numberofsetae ofthecarina Pleopods:length fromborderofpleon Pleotelson Uropods
Digitiform; 2 Extremely high. Exopodite large, Protruding far Fissured, lobes not Absent
setae subquadrangular endopodite separated
small
Extremely high. Small Protruding Entire, notched Absent
quadrangular slightly
Pyramidal or Extremely high, Small Diminished Notched Present
ovoid; 4 setae rounded
Medium, rounded Not protruding Fissured Rudimentary
Ovoid, 8-10 High, rounded Small Protruding far Entire or slightly Absent
setae notched
High, rounded Small Not protruding Slightly notched Absent
Medium, rounded Small or Protrusion Entire or notched
subequal variable
Ovoid, 8-10 Notched
setae
Small Not protruding or Entire or notched
only slightly
High, Small Not protruding or Entire (right/
quadrangular far rounded) or
notched
Ovoid, High, rounded Exopodite large. Diminished Notched Absent
undetermined endopodite
small
Ovoid, 3 setae Small Protruding Bilobated
slightly or not
laterally, but sometimes the pleonites are equal and dimorphic; first three pairs robust
differentiated only laterally. (Fig. 17); other three thinner (Fig. 18). Pos-
The shape of the pleotelson in males of teroventral border of fifth pleonite finely
P. insularis can be subtriangular, subovoid, denticulate (Fig. 19); ventral side of sixth
subrounded, irregularly shaped, fused cen- pleonite formed of plates. First pleopod
tral and laterally with the previous pleonite with basal plate and a long, thin, curved
on one or both sides but invariably bulbous external ramus ending in three long feath-
and blunt, directed behind or laterally. — ered setae. Posteromedial corner of basi-
Description of the epicaridium larva. podite ofpleopod 1 with large feathered se-
Body length: 0.18 to 0.25 mm; length width tae (Fig. 20). This seta absent in following
ratio from 1.7 to 2.3. Antenna large, six three pairs ofpleopods, and replaced in fifth
segmented, reaching between the second pair of pleopods by an ovoid branch twice
and sixth pleonites; segments 1-4 large; the length of the exopodite. Fifth pair un-
distal seta on internal face of fourth, fifth segmented, basipodite semi-rounded, exo-
and sixth segments thinnerthan others. Dis- podite ending in three short feathered setae
tal segment bordered by three small spines (Fig. 21). Uropods of two equal branches
and two large unequal setae (Fig. 16). Max- ending in two denticles and one strong me-
illipeds not distinguishable. Pereopods sub- dian seta (Fig. 22); anal tube small.
922 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Discussion
o The use of host selectivity, pigmentation
o
OS patterns, habitat, behavior, morphological
structures, and statistical methods to differ-
.y "^
c entiate species in the genus Probopyrus
pa _- .S have been discussed in a recent paper by
Roman-Contreras (1993, 1996). The fol-
lowing morphological characters that
, ^ 00 CQ
should be described carefully in to differ-
gtH re-* gUl ^c-1 ^c^ ^K>6?0Zi0n0^.O«2 'IOCT^) o2*t-nj' U"ocC5^ RGeniitcaihradatrind&gsoBnsopenc(ni1ie9es0r4,h(a1v81e8980)b5,,eeBno19nd1ni2is)e,crusC(s1he9do0p0br)ya,
U
(1923), and Roman-Contreras (1993, 1996).
^^ cd ^^ cc rt C .^ --5 Females of P. insularis can be differen-
Cu Di cii Di oi d:; tiated from other American species ofPro-
bopyrus by their relatively short and narrow
pleotelson. In adult specimens a deep fis-
sure with rounded and unseparated lobes is
X3i X33 present; usually the edge ofthe lobes do not
3 S reach the tip ofthe fifth pleonite. The shape
o (/3 ^
« tC c3 U O of the female pleotelson of P. insularis is
c
'5) o T3 a (U 5c2jd Cc3J -13a) similar only to P. meeki Richardson, 1912.
3.26C3u2-Dd•uoc3a TT<OC333U ^Sc33co TmJC3O3CO3i ToUO3c3 x•TouO3C>a3 o•<O3cou aodOc3) x•ouocio o•uO<Oc3ou yao(oc33'U rlHaaeotnwpegoedtsvhteleorrab,ineodstrh(fenRoosirticmcxhihtanhrgtdshseatogtnwm,oeexn1ptt9oe1sno2tdf:esrPif.iohgram.lefue1)nk.osifephiaat-ss
GO Qi oi 03 Di C^ ai C^ a: Qi Di The robust carina of the seventh leg of
P. insularis is comparable to the high and
3 (U prominent carina of P. markhami. All legs
M
C ofP. bithynis Richardson, 1904 have an ex-
cd o ko4
£t31-/i1 'o>o oa -o _33 t1r90e5m)e.lyThheiglhegscaorfinPa. (pRaindcahlaircdosloanha1v90e4,a
1^Og(o3U i3'okOEuSG' 33£o<p£N3U3,^3'CsuoJ M3'oE<ou 53'ousuu ^3'oUs<ocu ^3'oIs<o-u *3>tC!C-7D3i3 i3'os(3oU (CC3L3) •^oc><t3a-J;,)'T^1aBe(o3)nU cahCraoierngithnrraeqoruuoaanfsddreaP(d.n1g9fu9(ll3Roa,irric-1dhse9ahn9rsa6dip)sseodnnRoictca1erh9dia1nr2atd),h.seownhrR,ioolume1na9dtn0eh-4de
CO 00 on 00 CO on on on C/D C/2 carina of P. pacificensis.
Although the maxilliped palp of Probo-
pyrus may vary according to the develop-
mental state of the specimens, the mor-
^
2 phology has proven valuable in separating
K ^ — !^ "? S Si, ap species. The maxilliped palp of adult fe-
^s « _^§ a. males of P. insularis is finger-like in most
specimens (79%); a small percentage (14%)
^^
~^ ?«2j -'C2^ ;co-j i:o-; ;;o-;: have two setae on the tip or no palp is pre-
sent; few individuals have a triangular, a
5 S iac;ij. KC=13-^!o^ ccCi, GeQ:, asex;. S a rounded, or a rudimentar&y palp. For Pro-
ci, a, Q, Cl, Cl, bopyrus ringueleti Verdi Schuldt, 1988,
VOLUME 114, NUMBER 4 923
fmtff^Mi
Figs. 1-5. Holotype female of Probopyrus insularis sp. nov. 1), in ventral view (oostegite 1 and barbula
removed); 2), same in dorsal view; 3), antennula and antenna from a paratype specimen (picture taken with
scanning electron microscopy: SEM); 4), maxilliped in dorsal view; 5), barbula ofa paratype. Scale bar: 1 and
2 = 2.0 mm; 4 = 0.5 mm; 5 = 1.0 mm.
924 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
8
Figs. 6-8. Probopyrus insularis sp. nov. 6), oostegite 1 in dorsal view; 7), pereopod 7 ofholotype female;
8), pereopods 1-7 ofparatype female. Scale bar: 6 and 15 = 1.0 mm; 7 = 0.5 mm.
VOLUME 114, NUMBER 4 925
Figs. 9-15. Probopyrus insiilaris sp. nov. 9), pleopods 1-5 ofparatype female; 10), allotypemale in ventral
view; 11), antennula andantennaofparatype male (taken with SEM); 12-14), variationofmales indorsalview;
15), young female from Puerto Rico (USNM 235988). Scale bar: 8 and 10 = 0.5 mm; 11 = 0.05 mm; 12-14
= 1.0 mm.
926 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Figs. 16-22. Epicardium larva of Probopyrus insularis sp. nov. 16), antenna; 17), pereopod 1; 18), pe-
reopod 4; 19), posterior edge ofthe fifth pleonite; 20), first pleopod; 21), fifth pleopod; 22), uropods. Scale
bar: 0.05 mm.
—
VOLUME 114, NUMBER 4 927
the palp is rectangular and bears an unde- freshwatershrimp hostMacrobrachiumfaustin-
termined number of setae. The palp of P. um (de Saussure), and locality record, Puerto
Rico, for the bopyrid isopod Probopyrus pan-
pacificensis is ovoid bearing 8 to 10 setae —
dalicola (Packard). Caribbean Journal of Sci-
(Roman-Contreras 1993), while the palp of ence 34:151-152.
P. markhami is pyramidal and bears a re- ChaceJr., F. A. 1972. The shrimps ofthe Smithsonian-
duced number of setae (Roman-Contreras Bredin Caribbean expeditions with a summary
1996). ofthe WestIndian shallow-—waterspecies (Crus-
The pleon ofmales also has been used to tacea: Decapoda: Natantia). SmithsonianCon-
tributions to Zoology 98:1-179.
differentiate some species of Probopyrus. , & H. H. Hobbs, Jr. 1969. The freshwaterand
However, the narrow pleon in males of P. terrestrial decapod crustaceans of the W—est In-
insularis is not unique; it is comparable to dies with special referencetoDominica. Unit-
that of P. meeki, and the gross structure of ed StatesNationalMuseumBulletin292:1-258.
the pleotelson is similar to adult specimens Chopra, B. 1923. Bopyrid i—sopods parasitic on Indian
Decapoda Macrura. Records of the Indian
of P. meeki as well as P. markhami. Museum 25:411-550.
In addition to structures of adult females Dale, W. E., & G. Anderson. 1982. Comparison of
and males, larval morphology of Probopy- morphologies of Probopyrus bithynis, P. flori-
rus has been used to separate species (Dale densis, and P. pandalicola—larvae reared in cul-
& Anderson 1982). Although such features ture (Isopoda, Epicaridea). Journal ofCrusta-
may prove to be important, mature larval Dugger,ceDa.nMB.i,ol&ogyS.2D:o3b9k2i-n4.091.975. A contribution to
stages are not always available to taxono- knowledgeofthelarvaldevelopmentofMacro-
mists. brachium olfersii (—Wiegmann, 1836) (Decapo-
da, Palaemonidae). Crustaceana 29:1-30.
Acknowledgments Fievet, E. 1998. Distribution etcapacitiesd'expansion
des crevetes d'eau douce de la region caraibe:
Special thanks are given to Y. Therezien exemple des genres —Macrobrachium et Atya
(Crustacea: Caridea). Biogeographica 74:1-
and E. Fievet for collecting the specimens
22.
from Guadeloupe, and making them avail- 1999a. Daylight migration of freshwater
.
able to us; to B. Kensley, J. Clark, and M. shrimp Decapoda, Caridea) over—a weir during
Schotte (NMNH, Smithsonian Institution, waterreleasefromimpoundment. Crustaceana
Washington, D.C.) for the loan of cata- 72:351-356.
logued specimens and facilities during sev- . 1999b. An experimental survey offreshwater
RRC shrimp upstream migration in an impounded
eral short visits of to the Division; to streamofGuadeloupeIsland, LesserAntilles.
M. Martinez-Mayen (ICMyL-UNAM) for Archiv fur Hidrobiologie 144:339-355.
his technical assistance in the laboratory; to . 2000. Passage facilities fordiadromousfresh-
J. C. Markham, and three anonymous ref- water shrimps (Decapoda: Caridea) in t—he Ban-
erees who helped improve the final manu- anier River, Guadeloupe, West Indies. Regu-
lated Rivers: Research & Management 16:101-
script; and to A. E. Viniegra for the art
112.
work. , L. TitodeMorals, &A. TitodeMorals. 1996.
Quantitative sampling of freshwater shrimps:
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