Table Of ContentAny screen.
Any time.
Anywhere.
Activate the eBook version
of this title at no additional charge.
Elsevier eBooks for Practicing Clinicians gives you the power to browse and search
Unlock your eBook today.
1. Visit expertconsult.inkling.com/redeem
2. Scratch box below to reveal your code
3. Type code into “Enter Code” box
4. Click “Redeem”
5. Log in or Sign up
6. Go to “My Library”
It’s that easy!
Place Peel Off
Sticker Here
For technical assistance:
email [email protected]
call 1-800-401-9962 (inside the US)
call +1-314-447-8300 (outside the US)
Use of the current edition of the electronic version of this book (eBook) is subject to the terms of the nontransferable, limited license granted on
expertconsult.inkling.com. Access to the eBook is limited to the first individual who redeems the PIN, located on the inside cover of this book,
at expertconsult.inkling.com and may not be transferred to another party by resale, lending, or other means.
2020_PCi
Problem Solving in
PEDIATRIC IMAGING
This page intentionally left blank
Problem Solving in
PEDIATRIC IMAGING
Edited by
Sarah Sarvis Milla, MD, FAAP
Chief, Radiology at Children’s Hospital Colorado
Vice Chair, Department of Radiology
Professor, Radiology and Pediatrics
University of Colorado School of Medicine
Aurora, CO
USA
Shailee Lala, MD
Clinical Associate Professor
Department of Radiology
NYU Grossman School of Medicinee
New York, NY
USA
Elsevier
1600 John F. Kennedy Blvd.
Ste 1800
Philadelphia, PA 19103- 2899
PROBLEM SOLVING IN PEDIATRIC IMAGING 978- 1- 4377- 2612- 1
Copyright © 2023 by Elsevier, Inc. All rights reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without
permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the
Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance
Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions.
This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher
(other than as may be noted herein).
Notice
Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating
and using any information, methods, compounds or experiments described herein. Because of rapid
advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages
should be made. To the fullest extent of the law, no responsibility is assumed by Elsevier, authors,
editors or contributors for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products
liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions,
or ideas contained in the material herein.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2021939948
Senior Content Strategist: Melanie Tucker
Content Development Manager: Meghan Andress
Content Development Specialist: Kevin Travers
Publishing Services Manager: Shereen Jameel
Senior Project Manager: Manikandan Chandrasekaran
Cover Design and Design Direction: Bridget Hoette
Printed in India
Last digit is the print number: 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
To my sons, Anderson and Jameson, I hope you will always have curiosity to learn, openness to uncertainty and
new experiences, and willingness to share your knowledge and teach others with compassion.
Huge thank you to my partner in this book: Dr. Shailee Lala, who is one of the smartest radiologists I have ever
met and an amazing, kind, and caring human being.
Additional and sincere thanks to all the authors of chapters and to Elsevier for their patience and expertise!
— Sarah Sarvis Milla
To
Sarah Milla, for her mentorship
Aditya, Radha, and Akhil, for their patience and love
And Mom, Dad, and Sona, for a lifetime of support.
— Shailee Lala
Contributors
Adina L. Alazraki, MD, FAAP Sarah Dantzler Bixby, MD
Associate Professor Associate Professor of Radiology
Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences Radiology
Department of Pediatrics Boston Children’s Hospital
Emory University School of Medicine Boston, MA
Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta USA
Atlanta, GA
USA Kiery Braithwaite, MD, FAAP
Associate Professor
Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences
Michael Baldwin, MD
Attending Physician Department of Pediatrics
Department of Radiology Emory University School of Medicine
Connecticut Children’s Medical Center Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta
Hartford, CT Atlanta, GA
USA USA
Dorothy Bulas, MD
Gerald G. Behr, MD
Chief, Division of Diagnostic Imaging and Radiology
Associate Clinical Member
Childrens National Hospital
Memorial Sloan Kettering;
Professor of Pediatrics and Radiology
Associate Clinical Professor
George Washington University
Weill Cornell Medical College
Washington, DC
New York, NY
USA
USA
Michael J. Callahan, MD
Frederic J. Bertino, MD
Section Chief, Body Imaging
Senior Clinical Associate
Clinical Director, Computed Tomography
Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences
Boston Children’s Hospital;
Division of Interventional Radiology and Image
Associate Professor of Radiology
Guided Medicine
Harvard Medical School
Division of Pediatric Radiology
Boston, MA
Emory University School of Medicine
USA
Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta
Atlanta, GA
Jeanne S. Chow, MD
USA
Associate Professor
Harvard Medical School;
Puneet Bhatla, MBBS, MD Pediatric Radiologist
Director Boston Children’s Hospital
Pediatric and Congenital Cardiovascular Imaging in De- Boston, MA
partment of Pediatrics USA
Associate Professor
Pediatrics and Radiology Neena A. Davisson, MD
NYU Langone Medical Center Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences
New York, NY Division of Interventional Radiology and Image-Guided
USA Medicine
Emory University School of Medicine
Mark Bittman, MD Atlanta, GA
Assistant Professor USA
Department of Radiology
New York Presbyterian – Weill Cornell Nilesh K. Desai, MD
New York, NY Vice Chief, Quality and Safety
USA Chief, Division of Neuroradiology
Department of Radiology
Texas Children’s Hospital;
Associate Professor of Radiology
Baylor College of Medicine
Houston, TX
USA
vi
CONTRIBUTORS vii
Paula Dickson, MD Sonali Lala, MD
Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences Assistant Professor
Department of Pediatrics Department of Radiology
Emory University School of Medicine New York– Presbyterian Columbia University
Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta New York, NY
Atlanta, GA USA
USA
Jenna Le, MD
Azam Eghbal, MD Assistant Professor
Medical Director Department of Radiology, Division of Musculoskeletal
Radiology Radiology
Children Hospital of Orange County Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of
Orange, CA Medicine
USA Bronx, NY
USA
Meryle J. Eklund, MD, FAAP
Associate Professor Robert D. MacDougall, PhD
Departments of Radiology and Pediatrics Leader, Medical Affairs
Medical University of South Carolina Canon Medical Systems USA
Charleston, SC Tustin, CA
USA USA
Thierry A.G.M. Huisman, MD, PD, EDiNR, EDiPNR, Alexis B.R. Maddocks, MD
FICIS Pediatric Radiology Fellow
Professor of Radiology, Pediatrics, Neurosurgery, Department of Radiology
Neurology and OBGYN Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Radiologist- in- Chief and Edward B. Singleton Chair of Philadelphia, PA
Radiology USA
Texas Children’s Hospital and Baylor College of
Medicine
Mesha L.D. Martinez, MD
Houston, TX
Pediatric Radiology Fellow
USA
Department of Radiology
Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Craig Johnson, DO Philadelphia, PA
Division Chief USA
Interventional Radiology
Nemours Children’s Hospital;
William P. McCullough, MD
Assistant Professor
Pediatric Radiology Fellow
Radiology
Department of Radiology
University of Central Florida
Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Orlando, FL
Philadelphia, PA
USA
USA
Matthew M. Jones, MD Sarah J. Menashe, MD
Northwest Radiology Network and Peyton Manning Assistant Professor
Children’s Hospital at Ascension St. Vincent Department of Radiology
Medical Director of Pediatric Radiology University of Washington School of Medicine
Indianapolis, IN Seattle, WA
USA USA
Amy W. Lai, MD Sarah Sarvis Milla, MD, FAAP
Pediatric Radiologist Chief, Radiology at Children’s Hospital Colorado
Radiology Vice Chair, Department of Radiology
John Muir Medical Center Professor, Radiology and Pediatrics
Walnut Creek, CA University of Colorado School of Medicine
USA Aurora, CO
USA
Shailee Lala, MD
Clinical Associate Professor Shreya Mozer, MD
Department of Radiology Instructor of Radiology
NYU Grossman School of Medicine Pediatric Radiologist
New York, NY Boston Children’s Hospital
USA Boston, MA
USA
viii CONTRIBUTORS
Michael Norred, MD Victoria Michelle Silvera, MD
Medical University of South Carolina Associate Professor
College of Medicine Mayo Clinic
Charleston, SC Rochester, MN
USA USA
Tina Young Poussaint, MD, FACR Naomi Strubel, BS, MD
Lionel W. Young Chair in Radiology Assistant Professor
Boston Children’s Hospital; Department of Radiology
Professor of Radiology New York University School of Medicine
Harvard Medical School New York, NY
Boston, MA USA
USA
Benjamin Taragin, MD, FACR
Christian Restrepo, MD Clinical Associate Professor
Baylor College of Medicine Department of Radiology
Houston, TX Rutgers University
USA New Brunswick, NJ
USA;
Associate Professor
Edward J. Richer, MD
Medical School for International Health at Ben Gurion
Assistant Professor
University
Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences
Israel
Department of Pediatrics
Emory University School of Medicine
Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta Mahesh Thapa, MD, MEd, FAAP
Atlanta, GA, Professor
USA Department of Radiology
University of Washington School of Medicine
Seattle, WA
Erica L. Riedesel, MD
USA
Assistant Professor
Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences
Department of Pediatrics Justin T. Tretter, MD
Emory University School of Medicine Assistant Professor of Pediatrics
Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta The Heart Institute
Atlanta, GA Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center
USA Cincinnati, OH
USA
Diana P. Rodriguez, MD
Radiologist Smyrna Tuburan, MD
Radiology Assistant Professor
Nationwide Children’s Hospital Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences
Columbus, OH Department of Pediatrics
USA Emory University School of Medicine
Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta
Atlanta, GA
Bradley S. Rostad, MD
USA
Assistant Professor
Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences
Department of Pediatrics Jennifer A. Vaughn, MD
Emory University School of Medicine Assistant Professor
Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta Department of Radiology, Phoenix Children’s Hospital
Atlanta, GA University of Arizona College of Medicine
USA Creighton University School of Medicine
Department of Neuroradiology at Barrows Neurological
Institute
Sabah Servaes, MD
Phoenix, AZ
Associate Professor
USA
Department of Radiology
University of Pennsylvania and The Children’s Hospital of
Philadelphia Matthew Jason Winfeld, MD
Philadelphia, PA Section Chief Pediatric Radiology and OB/GYN imaging
USA Lancaster General Hospital
Lancaster, PA
USA
