Principles of Unit Operations

601 Pages·1980·69.721 MB·English

by  A. S. Foust, L. A. Wenzel, C. W. Clump, L. Maus, L. B. Andersen

This is a reproduction of a library book that was digitized
by Google as part of an ongoing effort to preserve the
information in books and make it universally accessible.
https://books.google.com
Principles of
Unit Operations
BERKELEY
LIBRARY
UNIVERSITY OF
CALIFORNIA

Principles of
Unit Operations
New York John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
London
Alan S. Foust
Leonard A. Wenzel
Curtis W. Clump
Louis Maus
L. Bryce Andersen
Department of Chemical Engineering
Lehigh University
Bethlehem, Pennsylvania
Principles of
Unit Operations
CORRECTED SECOND PRINTING
Copyright © 1960 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
LOAN STACK
CORRECTED SECOND PRINTING, JULY, 1962
All Rights Reserved. This book or any part
thereof must not be reproduced in any form
without the written permission of the publisher.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 60–6454
Printed in the United States of America
Adal
TP155
F67
Preface
The treatment of unit operations given in this book emphasizes the scientific
principles upon which the operations are based, and groups those with similar
physical bases so that they may be considered together. The development usually
begins with an analysis of the physical behavior of a system and the establishment
of a simplified physical model. A basic mathematical relation is written using
the model and is solved. The resulting general expression is then applied to the
specific unit operations. In order to maintain a clarity of presentation at an
elementary level, refinements of the physical models and the resulting elaborate
mathematics necessary for rigorous treatment of complex situations are generally
omitted, and, in order to emphasize underlying similarities among the various unit
operations, descriptions of equipment and specialized calculation methods are
condensed. However, since visualization of equipment helps to add significance
to the theoretical treatment and since the young engineer should be familiar with
major equipment types, the important pieces of processing equipment are shown
in line drawings and photographs and are discussed briefly. The more important
of the specialized calculation methods necessary for process design are considered
after the underlying principles have been fully developed.
The traditional concept of unit operations has been a major factor in the
phenomenal success of chemical engineers and chemical engineering in the last fifty
years. We believe that the unification presented here is the next logical step in
the evolution of the concept of unit operations. This treatment is offered in the
belief that it is more efficient in teaching, more economical in time, more adequate
in its presentation of the fundamentals, and more effective in training toward the
definition and solution of broad problems in chemical processing. This book
should serve as a basis for advanced work in the more specialized theory and
practice ofthe individual unit operations. The engineer educated in this approach
may not be as immediately adept in the manipulation of a given specialized pro
cedure of calculation, but he should be firmer in his understanding of the funda
mental principles, more aware of the similarities among many of the unit opera
tions, and more flexible and original in his solution of new processing problems.
In short, he should be more readily adaptable to change and progress.
The continuing rapid extensions of knowledge of unit operations has created a
serious problem in the coverage of this information within the time properly allotted
in an undergraduate program. The increasing number of process steps that might
be included as unit operations and the breadth of their applicability dictate that
instruction be systematized and be made more adaptable to newer operations.
This treatment, with its unification of the principles of similar operations, makes
it possible to maintain a realistic balance between the unit operations and other
vital facets of chemical engineering education.
Many of the formalized calculations that have occupied chemical engineers in
the past will very shortly be done by electronic computers. Multicomponent
distillation calculations and multiple-effectevaporatorcalculations already have been
264