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PRESTRESSED CONCRETE
A Fundamental Approach
Fourth Edition
Edward G. Nawy
Distniguishod Prcteswor
Decartmont ot Ct and Exvkonmontal gineering
Alagats, The Slate Univers of New Jersey
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To
Rachel E, Nawy
For her high-timit stale of stress endurance over the years,
which made the writing of this book in lis several editions a reality.
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CONTENTS
PREFACE xvil
BASIC CONCEPTS
2 tetsion 1
111 Comparison wth Reinfrsaa Concrete 2
112 Esenomisco! Pretonsod Coneele 4
42 Hstncal Dewecsment of Prasiesing 8
1 BssieConcep.utPresvessing 7
8.1 Ittodycion 7
2 esc Concept Meso 19
M3 Cine Mathed 12
13a Lead Betneing Method 16
CCorsulaion of Fite Strscar i. Precioasod Baom 2ythe Bac Mathos. 12
Clna Campin aoa
ea Baling Corastatonet
12 Stwoning Sueae Cones 79
iolonese 27
Probe 2
MATERIALS AND SYSTEMS FOR PRESTRESSING 31
21 corerate
21.1 Inacio 31
21 Varaicors Afaing he Cuatiy ¢ Conews 31
23 putas of Hardened Crnrla 32
22 sraseiain Guna of Canens 96
2 nis ofElasicly arc Chars in Comoreaiva Sangh wit Tine 36
P31 High-Suengh Coner 36
232 In| Canpraseve Sangin and Mush: 32
4 Gmep 43
Bat etoety of Creep a8
242 Pinmlogl Modala 45
25 Shnene 48
2.8 onpraeracsing ainfornsnl 59
2 Wrastessing atroroene £9
274 Typaecl anomie 38
272 Sese-ateved aed Lox-Ralavaion Wheeand eave St
273 ighTanele-Siengh Presteasing Bare $5
274 StesiFalsation “66
28
2a
conten
27.5. Carasion and Detain f Sands 58
[AGI Maximum Pamasbie Steceas in Concrete an Reinforcement 59
28.1 Concrete Sesser in Flonura 2
2ui2, Prosassing Staal Grasses 58
‘AASHTO Moe mur Parmssbi Sresaaa in Cancoks and Frieexcemant 6
2841 Conerate sieasea beers Cresp and Shinkage Losses 60
22 Concrete tenses al Serves Load ater Loesee 60
229.3, Puusossing See Sesto
BAA AelshesPhaiy Valor 80
Precyuiny Sys th elas 68
20 Prolnsinig) 51
Zaz PostTensening «2
los Jacking Syeteris ws
204 Growing of Pose
‘hauler Preatreasing 70
Jentrmnopies. 70
PARTIAL LOSS OF PRESTRESS 73
Irreducion 72
Elsie Shoring o" Cone (£5) 75
24 Pratensonae Elemovts 13
S22. PostTensianed Elemants 78
Steal Svece Relation (Fr
3a Retain ines Computation a6
SA2ACIASCE Method of Aocountng br Relation Loss 60
‘rasp Loss (€8)° 80
SA. Cemputeion sf GrospLoss.
Shneage Lose (SH as
84 Cemputston ot Sivinkage Loss. 44
Loses Ove to Friion BS
389. Cornutt of Picton Lage 67
‘Aushorage Soci Loess: (AL 32
372 Canputaion of Ancierage Soainy Luss 68
‘Ghunge of Prosress Duo Bonding ola Meri (fal 99
Stopby-Stap Computation ofl Tina Deperder ys na 46-Tonsion Baan 90
‘Step-b-Stap Computation ofl Tima-Dspurdert Lovee inn Pos-Tersicn Beara 36
Lung-Sum Computation of Time-Oppencent Lessin Presiess 98
Slitomtase Lass Expressions 100
Fara. Si Provraea Lose Example ‘01
FLEXURAL DESIGN OF PRESTRESSED
CONCRETE ELEMENTS 106
Soeetiane’ Gsciutéal Prope e! Sastion Components 106
Certenta
25
46
ae
422 Nsérum Secton Mus 108
‘Suv coLoad Deslgn Execs 2
43.1 Vaible‘fenvos Coconticty 115
43.2 Vaible Tener Eocotiy wit Nc HelgM Linan 122
48.3 Cenaten Tonegn Eocanmaty 125
Proper Seal ct Boum Secnona ard Prerias, 120
4.9" General Guidelines 128
4142 Gwuss Ave, the Transtomod Section. ane ti Pravanee of Duce 20
443 Civelopea far fentanPlcatnant 130
434 Advarcapee of Cow ot Marped Tendon
445. Liming ercenticiy Envalopes 152
468 Prestessing Tendon E-weiopas 156
44.7. Remiciea of Prastass rama Noa Supls 198
nd Books a Siggen anmnorae Fass 138
451 Sie Distiion 13
482. Dovelopaert and Tera Leng in Prteneiored Members and Desc of 116°
Anchorage Heiesent VA
459, PostTanainnedAachaga Zones: Lire Elestc and Sintanctle Thales, 144
454 Desig of rt aichoraga Raiforcement er Poot Ievslaned Beene 152
Flouratbecign ot rimeste Beane 138
432 uy neal Sih Cage 161
439. Eneetve Mega Wath 181
Surana tS. Sip Tih Agusta! Pract: Bandoe-Loa Design ot
Presressna Members 162
LDesgh of Cormpsie Post ansonstPracassd Simply Supported Secon 16
Uniosie-stengh Fcurel Geeip 17
494) Caching Lond Moment 176
92 Pal Preavessing 179
{69.3 Ciacking Homan: Evziaios. 180
Lond arel Strang Fats Yet
4.105 Relabay ana Santi! Safety of Corarete Components 181
‘Iba Facto and Sfaly Margins" 18
4111 Gonarl Pansies 364
4112 ACILaaaraelos Eoustone 185
44113. Deetgn engin va, Nominal Sent: Sings Renton Factor} 187
Lomit State i Flexo at U trate Ladin Bonded Moers: Dooompression
oUbewisinad 188
4421 Ivodieon 188
4.129 The Equal: Rectangular Block and Nerrna!Nemant Stengm 199
4323 Ein Lins telson Analy ard sign 184
6124 Negobee HoenontRacstbaanie Gants as 182
PraliinaryUtrnte Uoad Dasign 202
Summary Stn by Sap Prades ina aire Been
ofthe Peccood Members 204
Uninate Srenggh Desi of rece sted Simply Support Baam
by Stain Compatity 208
‘Stora Design of Boied Proshassad Simpy Suppated aa Using
‘meowinate Procecures 212,
SI Roni Daalgn Soyeesion 216
{L741 81 FasaualGesign of Prestreccod Beams 218
Pane 221
SHEAR AND TORSIONAL STRENGTH DESIGN 223,
55
ution 29
Uolavior a Hennor cous Guus in Shows 724
otavor af Console Beans as Nonhornecin Sections 27
‘Coneroa Beams wou: Diagonal Torsion Arner 278
Ss. Modes of Favara of Same wit Diagcrl Torsun incerear: 229
542 Flevurl Falta [F228
343. Dlagocatlenson tare Herat Sheae FS, 220
5.4 Shear Gorressicn Piva (ben Snaa’, WS, 235
‘Seng Pra Soses 1 Preshaased Beams 232
581 FlenueShoa Sum (We) 208
582 Web Sisar Stem Vol” 206
553. Comoting alu of Ve Va fore Detominaian a wet Cor cote
Svength V, xi
\Web-Shear Reinforcement. 225
4k Wab Steal Paar usa Analogy 238
583 Umratonen Sie acespacing 8 Stmupe 211
‘virile Seah in Cnmnpnve Constucen 242
A:2A_ Design ol Genie Aon. Ott Heintrsement
Paceal Tesi Sessa in Fla fectlans ana Uasign of owe) Aae Vial See
Sage loa gig oe empl Aci 750
nw: Feittorcemant Masi oe Carper: Ain iin we Iam 2A
[Shear Sangh ad Weh-Shaay Sted ip ins Praoenaea Weems
‘Wels Show Staal Desir by Data's Proce 258
Decigr of Web Painforoerent iors PCI Steed Poul
CConposis T-Boem 258,
Brackets and Comets 23
1611 Shesr Fcton Fypoiness for Shosr Tranter in Gores 2A
S182 Horizontal Eternal Fotos Ehect 268
S358 Saquenoe of Carel Ceaign Stine 26
S458 Desgnota Hracket oCorel 27C
BASS. SICipioisions or Shoat in Prowtessed Concrete Bess. 272
BARB. Gl Sinn Dexigvot Pals Guame 278
Torsional avin at Samet 778
GGT nsducion 278
5.462. Fure Tore onin Pain Concrete Elements 270
Totton in Reinlorced arc Prest'eaned Canola Elemants 984
S171 Skaw-senang Ireory 236
S172 Space Yas Anaangy Ihsony 27
5173 Compression Fis Theaty "269
SATA gstay equitrun “as TPacry 2
517 Daegnet Presvecseo Coveret Heame Subjeciad tp Combined Teton, Sra,
sraiBendeisin Accordarca vin the ACI S18-84 Coos 738
5.176 Shove Lapresion le Toon Equations US
LDengr Pooadure tarCembines “arion and Shea 304
center
Fo Dnuign of ab Rarrarement lx Combis Tendon and Shear
in Procensed Baame 208
5.20. SIConbinaa Tolan and Sas Design of Pract Rr S17
INDETERMINATE PRESTRESSED
CONCRETE STRUCTURES 924
6 Invocation 324
2 Disarantoes of untraiyin Prestessing 2
8. Tend Lagu fer Coninucus Beams 225
64 Ekle fralyes for Prostrase Cnty
641 ibossction 326
8.22 Scppor Depesemeat Metad 976
843 Ecuvalan Lana Metra 301
85 Exumsis loning Zanisly 231
85.1 Eft of Contnity cn Transformation ol Cine fr Draped Tenors 304
63.2 Enea of Conny on Transformation ot Cina fer Harpe Tenors 32
6.0 inser aration and Concordance of Tardone 8
{68.1 Vemoation of Tren Linear Tene’ommation Thecram #8
852 Concordance Hypthesos 12
6.4 Lnumate srongh and Lim Sat a: Feira of Contruous Beams 2
674 Goneral Considarations 22
6.77 Munn Radisibuton 335
63 Tenann Prfly Envalope snc Mocmentons 3c
63 Tenannavv4C Line Lacston m Contos Weems Sb
6.10. Tend Transennston ts Utes Aavariages ct Conanucy So?
6.11 Desig tor Conia Using Noopresessea Sele Suppor
6.12 indoorninala rans ang Pens AR
6.12.8 Generel Properas 70
‘8422 Fores anstanmens Petal Fors aR
3.12.3 Paueatiante Pressina ear Peace N79
6124 Deegnet tresimsert Concrete Bonde Fess 379
6.13 Limit sign (Anaya) ol eeerminate Baame ard Frens 385
S141 Meinadnttepceed Rotate S86
‘8137 ‘Dnlerminetione Paste Hinge Roane in Ceminuous Gears 280
S619 Pulaona Capaoiy at Plaste Hinges 282
5.11.4 Crnpitaton of Avieble Rotstonal Capacty 385,
8.195 Check for Pete Retson Senieratity 2A
6135. Tranevere Contin Rentorcamanl for Skat S87
6.18 Seieslon a Coniring Renforament 308
Peferenas 398
Proslme 401
CAMBER, DEFLECTION, AND CRACK CONTROL 402
7A tation 402
72 asic Assumponsin Deictian Catrlstians 409
75 Bll-Torn (hsanteneous) Detection of Unread ana aka Members 408
4 LoadDafecien Retetensnip
FA2 Uneracked Sacnene 407
7
18
730
on
745
re
139
ia
7.39 Gxickud Seoione 411
‘SherlTewn Dofavior at Servie Losa 417
7a4t_Erarale 73 Non-Gomposte Uncrackea Dounle T-Beam Detection 17
‘Shest“arm Detect. of Crk Preston Bases. 47
TAB Short Tem Defieon of he Beart In Exanigla 2 Crckad 625
CConstution ct amert-cumvature lagna 424
Lng-Term Ete on Deiacton ana Gamer 420
77.1 BC Mumpters Mend 420
772 Incementa, Ten Stans Method «22
7-73. Apna Tivw-Seps Method 424
774 Computer Metis for Delco Evelsten 136
“775 Dellecion of Composte Beams 436
Potniseble Lins of Galslatea betheton $7
Long Tam Gander ana Ulta Calouanon ny tre PCI Murs Mea 85
Long-Term Caner and Uist ila hy rs arta
“im taps Mabwnd 2
enya Camber and Mvction Gann the Apysoxials
Time Steps Menon 52
Lange ama Deen of Ceposte DoutteT Cracked Beart 466
(Grating Rencvier an! Grad Contotin Prastersed Beams 42
TART vodveton 403
7-482. Muonateal Model Famulation tr Sarsioaay
788 Ryjeninns or etencened Boome A&A
784 Faqwegion or 2oatTensoved Baame 6
7388 ACI Nm God Provisions 487
ASA Long-Term Este on rack Wid Development 2s
7187 Tobie Croc Widhs 453
‘rack With and Spacing Evaluation n Pretrsioned (eam Wine Re Steel $83
‘rack Wich and Spacing Evaluates Pretrsloned | Saarn Containing Nonprestested
Slee! 479
‘Grick Wath and Spacing Eveluehow In Pretelaned [ean Centaning Nowpesiessed Mil
‘teal 471
CGrak Width and Spang Evehatcn for Pasian T-Gov'n Canahing Honpesbassad
real 72
{rack Gontelby API Cae Prowse 478
SlDatectovand Cackieg Exprcscons 474
‘SiDeteetor Conia 75
‘1 Crack ono! 80
Pateraners 460
Protiems 431
PRESTRESSED COMPRESSION AND TENSION MEMBERS 484
aa
aa
Irwaducton 24
Pratrased Campressinn Vorb: Land-Momar Intastionin Caines
‘Sirengin teas Tack & 494
‘Gpstenonal brace fra asgn of aleidar Pressed
Canpressin Meio 0
CConemucton ot Nerina oe. Moment (,-A) ae Design (PA,
Irsrachon Digan 4
Lira sat Bekins! Steer Long Prasrasead Golurns 409
