Table Of ContentPREFRONTAL CORTEX:
From Synaptic Plasticity to Cognition
PREFRONTAL CORTEX:
From Synaptic Plasticity to Cognition
edited by
Satoru Otani
Universite de Paris VI, Paris, France
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Table of Contents
Contributors vii
Preface xi
In Memoriam: Patricia S. Goldman-Rakic (1937-2003) xiii
Chapters
1. Organization and Plasticity of the Prefrontal Cortex of the Rat
Bryan Kolb and Jan Cioe 1
2. Working Memory in Prefrontal Cortex and its Neuromodulation
Jeremy K. Seamans 33
3. Dopamine Modulation of Prefrontal Cortical Neural Ensembles and
Synaptic Plasticity: Potential Involvement in Schizophrenia
Yukiori Goto, Kuei-Yuan Tseng, Barbara L. Lewis, and Patricio
O’Donnell 61
4. Induction Properties of Synaptic Plasticity in Rat Prefrontal Neurons
Satoru Otani and Bogdan Kolomiets 85
5. Up and Down Regulation of Synaptic Strength at Hippocampal to
Prefrontal Cortex Synapses
Thérèse M. Jay, Hirac Gurden, Cyril Rocher, Maïté Hotte, and
Michael Spedding 107
6. Changes of Neuronal Activity in the Prefrontal Cortex Related to
the Expression and Extinction of Conditioned Fear Responses
Cyril Herry and René Garcia 131
7. Stress and Prefrontal Cortical Dysfunction in the Rat
Kazushige Mizoguchi 153
8. Strategy Switching and Rat Prefrontal Cortex
Matthijs G. P. Feenstra and Jan P. C. de Bruin 175
9. Information Processing in the Primate Prefrontal Cortex
Shintaro Funahashi 201
vi
10. The Role of Dopamine in Cognition: Insights from Neuropsychological
Studies in Humans and Non-humanPrimates
Roshan Cools and Angela C. Roberts 219
11. The Role of Human Prefrontal Cortex in Motivated Perception and
Behavior: A Macroscopic Perspective
Andreas Keil 245
12. Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation of the Prefrontal Cortex: A
Complementary Approach to Investigate Human Long-Term Memory
Simone Rossi, Carlo Miniussi, Paolo Maria Rossini,
Claudio Babiloni, and Stefano Cappa 269
13. Functional Neuroimaging and the Prefrontal Cortex: Organization by
Stimulus Domain?
Christy Marshuetz and Joseph E. Bates 289
Index 315
Contributors
Claudio BABILONI
IRCCS, Brescia, Italy
Dipartimento di Fisiologia Umana e Farmacologia, Università La Sapienza,
Rome, Italy
Joseph E. BATES
Department ofPsychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
Stefano CAPPA
Centro di Neuroscienze Cognitive, Università Salute-Vita S. Raffaele,
Milan, Italy
Jan CIOE
Okanagan UniversityCollege, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
Roshan COOLS
Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge,
Cambridge, UK
Jan P. C. de BRUIN
Netherlands Institute for Brain Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Matthijs G. P. FEENSTRA
Netherlands Institute for Brain Research, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
Shintaro FUNAHASHI
Department of Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, Graduate School of
Human and Environment Studies, Kyoto University,Kyoto, Japan
René GARCIA
Neurobiologie Comportementale, Université de Nice-Sophia Antipolis,
Nice, France
Yukiori GOTO
Department of Neuroscience, University of Pittsburg, Pittsburg, PA, USA
Hirac GURDEN
Neurobiologie de l’Apprentissage et de la Mémoire, Université Paris XI,
Orsay, France
Cyril HERRY
Neurosciences Cognitives, Université de Bordeaux I, Talence, France
viii
Maïté HOTTE
Neurobiologie de l’Apprentissage et de la Mémoire, Université Paris XI,
Orsay, France
Thérèse M. JAY
Physiopathologie des Maladies Psychiatriques, INSERM EMI 0117, Paris,
France
Andreas KEIL
Department of Psychology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
Bryan KOLB
University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, AB, Canada
Bogdan KOLOMIETS
Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, Université Paris VI, Paris, France
Barbara L. LEWIS
Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College,
Albany, NY, USA
Christy MARSHUETZ
Department of Psychology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
Carlo MINIUSSI
IRCCS, Brescia, Italy
Kazushige MIZOGUCHI
Pharmacology Department, Central Research Laboratories, Tsumura and
Company, Ibaraki, Japan
Patricio O'DONNELL
Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College,
Albany, NY, USA
Satoru OTANI
Neurobiologie des Processus Adaptatifs, Université Paris VI, Paris, France
Angela C. ROBERTS
Department of Anatomy, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
Cyril ROCHER
Neurobiologie de l’Apprentissage et de la Mémoire, Université Paris XI,
Orsay, France
ix
Simone ROSSI
Dipartimento di Neuroscienze, Sezione Neurologia, Università di Siena,
Siena, Italy
Paolo Maria ROSSINI
IRCCS, Brescia, Italy
Neurologia, Università Campus Biomedico, Rome, Italy
AFaR-Dipartimento Neuroscienze, Rome, Italy
Jeremy K. SEAMANS
Department of Physiology, MUSC, Charleston, SC, USA
Michael SPEDDING
Neurobiologie de l’Apprentissage et de la Mémoire, Université Paris XI,
Orsay, France
Kuei-Yuan TSENG
Center for Neuropharmacology and Neuroscience, Albany Medical College,
Albany, NY, USA
Preface
This volume, Prefrontal Cortex: from Synaptic Plasticity to Cognition, is
an interdisciplinary approach to characterize the function of the anterior
portion of the frontal lobe in rodents and human and non-human primates.
The specific topics discussed in the chapters of this volume are purposefully
diverse: they range from membrane properties of prefrontal neurons to
cognitive psychology. Nevertheless, this volume must not be regarded as a
mere collection of writings with the different sub-themes. As you will see,
chaptersoften vigorously encompass domains of the prefrontal field in effort
to provide a big picture. That is actually what we attempted to do in this
volume.
On one hand, we have accumulated knowledge on the properties of
neurons and synapses in the prefrontal cortex as well as the actions of
critical neuromodulators such as dopamine. On the other hand, behavioral
and cognitive neurosciences have begun to reveal the fascinating role of the
prefrontal cortex in such mental processes as working memory, attention
switching and rule following, and long-term memory. Needless to say, our
ultimate goal as neurobiologists is to know what relationship there is
between these cellular and cognitive processes. This volume is meant to
serve as a comprehensive introduction towards that goal. Readers will be
informed, for example, of how plasticity of prefrontal neurons is regulated,
how it is involved in certain cognitive processes in rodents, and how the
rodent models can apply to the primates. Equally, the prefrontal cortex-
dependent cognitive processes in human and non-human primates are
themselves analyzed in detail, which will invite the readers to refer to the
underlying cellular processes.
The prefrontal cortex is a most important brain region to study with a
multidisciplinary attitude. It is regarded by many as the highest-order
executive controller, which determines an appropriate coupling between a
sensory input and a motor output to meet environmental demands. It is
obvious that our cognitive ability heavily relies on the function of the
prefrontal cortex. By analyzing the behavior of prefrontal neurons and
synapses as well as modulatory inputs, and by relating them to the high-
order cognitive processes, we may be able to pave the way for understanding
mechanistic properties of our cognition. In the near future, we hope that our
knowledge will be placed in a broader context of the neuroscience, and more
details on the interactions between prefrontal cortex and the anatomically
remote brain areas such as the thalamus, hippocampus, amygdala, and
striatum will be analyzed.
When this volume was in the final stage of the editorial process, in the
beginning of August, we were struck by the news that the leading prefrontal
