Table Of ContentPractical Transfusion Medicine
Practical Transfusion Medicine
FIFTH EDITION
Edited By
Michael F. Murphy, MD, FRCP, FRCPath, FFPath
Professor of Blood Transfusion Medicine
University of Oxford
Consultant Haematologist
NHS Blood and Transplant and Department of Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals
Oxford, UK
David J. Roberts, MB, ChB, D.Phil, FRCPath
Professor of Haematology
University of Oxford
Consultant Haematologist
NHS Blood and Transplant and Department of Haematology, Oxford University Hospitals
Oxford, UK
Mark H. Yazer, MD
Professor of Pathology
University of Pittsburgh
Adjunct Professor of Clinical Immunology
University of Southern Denmark
Odense, Denmark
Medical Director
RBC Serology Reference Laboratory, ITXM Centralized Transfusion Service
Associate Medical Director
ITXM Centralized Transfusion Service
Pittsburgh, USA
This edition first published 2017
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Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data
Names: Murphy, Michael F. (Michael Furber), editor. | Roberts, David J. (David John)
(Consultant hematologist), editor. | Yazer, Mark H., editor.
Title: Practical transfusion medicine / edited by Michael F. Murphy, David J. Roberts, Mark H. Yazer.
Description: Fifth edition. | Hoboken, NJ : John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2017. |
Preceded by Practical transfusion medicine / edited by Michael F. Murphy,
Derwood H. Pamphilon, Nancy M. Heddle. 4th ed. 2013. |
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2016053360 | ISBN 9781119129417 (cloth) | ISBN 9781119129448 (Adobe pdf) |
ISBN 9781119129424 (epub)
Subjects: | MESH: Blood Transfusion | Blood Grouping and Crossmatching |
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation | Blood Preservation |
Cross Infection–prevention & control
Classification: LCC RM171 | NLM WB 356 | DDC 615.3/9–dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2016053360
Set in 10/12pt Warnock by SPi Global, Pondicherry, India
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
v
Contents
List of Contributors ix
Preface xv
1 Introduction: Two Centuries of Progress in Transfusion Medicine 1
Walter H. (Sunny) Dzik and Michael F. Murphy
Part I Basic Principles of Immunohaematology 11
2 Essential Immunology for Transfusion Medicine 11
Jaap Jan Zwaginga and S. Marieke van Ham
3 Human Blood Group Systems 20
Geoff Daniels
4 Human Leucocyte Antigens 29
Cristina V. Navarrete and Colin J. Brown
5 Platelet and Neutrophil Antigens 43
Brian R. Curtis
6 Pretransfusion Testing and the Selection of Red Cell Products for Transfusion 58
Mark H. Yazer and Meghan Delaney
Part II Complications of Transfusions 69
7 Investigation of Acute Transfusion Reactions 69
Kathryn E. Webert and Nancy M. Heddle
8 Haemolytic Transfusion Reactions 81
Edwin J. Massey, Robertson D. Davenport and Richard M. Kaufman
9 Febrile and Allergic Transfusion Reactions 97
Mark K. Fung and Nancy M. Heddle
vi Contents
10 Lung Injury and Pulmonary Oedema After Transfusion 108
Steven H. Kleinman and Daryl J. Kor
11 Purported Adverse Effects of ‘Old Blood’ 118
Lirong Qu and Darrell J. Triulzi
12 Transfusion‐Induced Immunomodulation 125
Amy E. Schmidt, Majed A. Refaai, Joanna M. Heal and Neil Blumberg
13 Transfusion‐Associated Graft‐Versus‐Host Disease and Microchimerism 136
Beth H. Shaz, Richard O. Francis and Christopher D. Hillyer
14 Posttransfusion Purpura 147
Michael F. Murphy
15 Transfusion‐Transmitted Infections 153
Roger Y. Dodd and Susan L. Stramer
16 Bacterial Contamination 168
Sandra Ramírez‐Arcos and Mindy Goldman
17 Emerging Infections and Transfusion Safety 176
Roger Y. Dodd
Part III Practice in Blood Centres and Hospitals 184
18 Regulatory Aspects of Blood Transfusion 184
William G. Murphy, Louis M. Katz and Peter Flanagan
19 The Role of Haemovigilance in Transfusion Safety 193
Katharine A. Downes and Barbee I. Whitaker
20 Donors and Blood Collection 203
Marc Germain, Ellen McSweeney and William G. Murphy
21 Blood Donation Testing and the Safety of the Blood Supply 215
Mindy Goldman
22 Production and Storage of Blood Components 222
Marissa Li, Rebecca Cardigan, Stephen Thomas and Ralph Vassallo
23 Blood Transfusion in Hospitals 233
Erica M. Wood, Mark H. Yazer and Michael F. Murphy
24 Blood Transfusion in a Global Context 254
David J. Roberts, Alan D. Kitchen, Stephen P. Field, Imelda Bates,
Jean Pierre Allain and Meghan Delaney
Contents vii
Part IV Clinical Transfusion Practice 264
25 Inherited and Acquired Coagulation Disorders 264
Irina Chibisov and Franklin Bontempo
26 Massive Blood Loss 279
John R. Hess
27 Blood Management in Acute Haemorrhage and Critical Care 287
Gavin J. Murphy, Nicola Curry, Nishith N. Patel and
Timothy S. Walsh
28 Point‐of‐Care Testing in Transfusion Medicine 302
Matthew D. Neal and Louis H. Alarcon
29 Haematological Disease 312
Lise J. Estcourt, Simon J. Stanworth and Michael F. Murphy
30 Blood Transfusion in the Management of Patients with
Haemoglobinopathies 330
Enrico M. Novelli
31 Heparin‐Induced Thrombocytopenia 341
Andreas Greinacher and Theodore E. Warkentin
32 Immunodeficiency and Immunoglobulin Therapy 357
Siraj A. Misbah
33 Transfusing Neonates and Infants 371
Ronald G. Strauss
Part V Patient Blood Management 383
34 Development of a Patient Blood Management Programme 383
Jonathan H. Waters
35 Perioperative Patient Blood Management 393
Martin Rooms, Ravishankar Rao Baikady and Toby Richards
36 Restrictive Transfusion Practice and How to Implement It 405
Lawrence Tim Goodnough and Neil Shah
37 Using Data to Support Patient Blood Management 416
Steven M. Frank and Jack O. Wasey
viii Contents
Part VI Cellular and Tissue Therapy and Organ Transplantation 429
38 Regulation and Accreditation in Cellular Therapy 429
Zbigniew (Ziggy) M. Szczepiorkowski and Daniel Hollyman
39 Stem Cell Collection and Therapeutic Apheresis 442
Khaled El‐Ghariani and Zbigniew (Ziggy) M. Szczepiorkowski
40 Haemopoietic Stem Cell Processing and Storage 455
Hira Mian, Ronan Foley and Pamela O’Hoski
41 Haematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation 466
Robert D. Danby, Rachel Protheroe and David J. Roberts
42 Cord Blood Transplantation 477
Rachael Hough and Robert D. Danby
43 Recent Advances in Clinical Cellular Immunotherapy 490
Mark W. Lowdell and Emma Morris
44 Tissue Banking 500
Akila Chandrasekar, Paul Rooney and John N. Kearney
Part VII Development of the Evidence Base for Transfusion 508
45 Observational and Interventional Trials in Transfusion Medicine 508
Alan T. Tinmouth, Dean Fergusson and Paul C. Hébert
46 Getting the Most Out of the Evidence for Transfusion Medicine 520
Simon J. Stanworth, Susan J. Brunskill, Carolyn Dorée and Sally Hopewell
47 A Primer on Biostatistics 533
Andrew W. Shih and Nancy M. Heddle
48 A Primer on Health Economics 549
Seema Kacker and Aaron A. R. Tobian
49 Scanning the Future of Transfusion Medicine 560
Jay E. Menitove, Paul M. Ness and Edward L. Snyder
Index 572
ix
List of Contributors
Louis H. Alarcon Franklin Bontempo Nicola Curry
Professor of Departments University of Pittsburgh Oxford Haemophilia &
of Surgery and Critical Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Thrombosis Centre, Churchill
Care Medicine, University USA; Hospital, Oxford, UK
of Pittsburgh School of Institute for Transfusion
Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA Brian R. Curtis
Platelet and Neutrophil
Jean Pierre Allain Colin J. Brown Immunology Laboratory and
NHS Blood and Transplant NHS Blood and Transplant, Blood Research Institute,
and Division of Transfusion Histocompatibility and Blood Center of Wisconsin,
Medicine, Immunogenetics Services, Milwaukee, USA
Department of Hematology, Colindale Centre, London,
University of Cambridge, UK Robert D. Danby
Cambridge, UK Churchill Hospital, Oxford
Susan J. Brunskill University Hospitals NHS
Imelda Bates NHS Blood and Transplant, Foundation Trust, Oxford,
Professor of Clinical Systematic Review Initiative, UK
Tropical Haematology, Oxford, UK
Liverpool School of Geoff Daniels
Tropical Medicine, Rebecca Cardigan International Blood Group
Liverpool, UK NHS Blood and Transplant, Reference Laboratory, NHS
Cambridge, UK Blood and Transplant,
Ravishankar Rao Baikady Bristol, UK
Consultant in Anaesthesia, Akila Chandrasekar
The Royal Marsden, NHS Blood and Transplant, Robertson D. Davenport
NHS Foundation Trust, Tissue and Eye Services, University of Michigan Health
London, UK Liverpool, UK System, Ann Arbor,
USA
Neil Blumberg Irina Chibisov
Department of Pathology University of Pittsburgh Meghan Delaney
and Laboratory Medicine, Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Bloodworks Northwest and
University of Rochester; USA; Department of Laboratory
Blood Bank/Transfusion Institute for Transfusion Medicine and Paediatrics,
Service of Strong Memorial Medicine, Pittsburgh, University of Washington,
Hospital, Rochester, USA USA Seattle, USA
x List of Contributors
Roger Y. Dodd Clinical Epidemiology Marc Germain
American Red Cross, Jerome Program, Ottawa, Canada; Héma‐Québec, Quebec City,
H. Holland Laboratory for Health Research Institute, Canada
the Biomedical Sciences, Ottawa, Canada
Rockville, USA Mindy Goldman
Stephen P. Field Medical Director,
Carolyn Dorée Welsh Blood Service, Donor and Clinical Services,
NHS Blood and Transplant, Pontyclun, Wales, UK Canadian Blood Services,
Systematic Review Initiative, Medical Services and
Oxford, UK Peter Flanagan Innovation, Ottawa,
New Zealand Blood Service, Canada
Katharine A. Downes
Auckland, New Zealand
Medical Director of Lawrence Tim Goodnough
Transfusion Medicine, Ronan Foley Departments of Pathology
University Hospitals, Department of Pathology and Medicine, Stanford
Cleveland Medical Center; and Molecular Medicine, University, Stanford,
Associate Professor of McMaster University, USA
Pathology, Case Western Hamilton, Canada
Reserve University, Andreas Greinacher
Cleveland, OH Richard O. Francis Department of Immunology
Assistant Professor, and Transfusion Medicine,
Walter H. “Sunny” Dzik
Department of Pathology Universitätsmedizin
Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia Greifswald, Greifswald,
and Medicine, Massachusetts University College of Germany
General Hospital,
Physicians and Surgeons,
Harvard Medical School, Joanna M. Heal
New York, USA;
Boston, USA Director, Special Hematology Department of Pathology
and Coagulation Laboratory and Laboratory Medicine,
Khaled El‐Ghariani
New York Presbyterian University of Rochester;
NHS Blood and Transplant Hospital – Columbia Blood Bank/Transfusion
and Sheffield Teaching University Medical Center, Service of Strong
Hospitals NHS Trust and New York, Memorial Hospital,
University of Sheffield, USA Rochester, USA
Sheffield, UK
Steven M. Frank Paul C. Hébert
Lise J. Estcourt
Department of Professor, Department of
NHS Blood and Transplant, Anesthesiology/Critical Care Medicine, Centre Hospitalier
John Radcliffe Hospital, Medicine, Johns Hopkins de L’Université de Montreal;
Oxford, UK; Radcliffe Medical Institutions, Centre Recherche de le
Department of Medicine, Baltimore, USA Centre Hospitalier de
University of Oxford, Montreal, Montreal, Canada
Oxford, UK Mark K. Fung
Nancy M. Heddle
Department of Pathology
Dean Fergusson and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Medicine,
Senior Scientist, University University of Vermont McMaster University and
of Ottawa Center for Medical Center, Canadian Blood Services,
Transfusion Research, Burlington, USA Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
List of Contributors xi
John R. Hess Richard M. Kaufman Jay E. Menitove
Professor of Laboratory Brigham and Women’s Director and CEO, Greater
Medicine and Hematology, Hospital, Boston, Kansas City Blood Center,
University of Washington USA Kansas City, USA (Retired)
School of Medicine,
Seattle, USA; Director, John N. Kearney Hira Mian
Harborview Transfusion NHS Blood and Transplant, Department of Oncology,
Service, Seattle, USA Tissue and Eye Services, McMaster University,
Liverpool, UK Hamilton, Ontario
Christopher D. Hillyer
Chief Executive Officer, Alan D. Kitchen Siraj A. Misbah
New York Blood Center, National Transfusion Oxford University Hospitals,
New York, USA; Microbiology Laboratory University of Oxford, Oxford,
Weill Cornell Medical and NHS Blood and UK
College, New York, USA Transplant, Colindale,
London, UK Emma Morris
Daniel Hollyman
Professor of Clinical Cell
Diagnostics Development and Steven H. Kleinman & Gene Therapy, UCL
Reference Services, NHS Blood University of British Institute of Immunity
and Transplant, Bristol, Columbia, Victoria, and Transplantation,
UK Canada London, UK
Sally Hopewell Daryl J. Kor William G. Murphy
Oxford Clinical Trials Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Irish Blood Transfusion
Research Unit, University of USA Service, and University
Oxford, Oxford, UK
College Dublin, Dublin,
Rachael Hough Marissa Li Republic of Ireland
United Blood Services,
University College London
Ventura, USA Gavin J. Murphy
Hospital’s NHS Foundation
British Heart Foundation
Trust, London, UK
Mark W. Lowdell Professor of Cardiac Surgery,
Seema Kacker Professor of Cell and School of Cardiovascular
Medical Student, The Johns Tissue Therapy, University Sciences, University of
Hopkins University School College London; Director of Leicester, Leicester, UK
of Medicine and Bloomberg Cellular Therapy, Honorary
School of Public Health, Consultant Scientist, Royal Cristina V. Navarrete
Baltimore, USA Free London NHS Foundation NHS Blood and Transplant,
Trust, London, UK Histocompatibility and
Louis M. Katz
Immunogenetics Services,
Chief Medical Officer, Edwin J. Massey Colindale Centre, London, UK;
America’s Blood Centers, NHS Blood and Transplant, University College London,
Washington, DC, USA; Bristol, UK London, UK
Adjunct Clinical Professor,
Infectious Diseases, Carver Ellen McSweeney Matthew D. Neal
College of Medicine, Irish Blood Transfusion Assistant Professor of
University of Iowa Healthcare, Service, National Blood Centre, Departments of Surgery
Iowa City, USA Dublin, Republic of Ireland and Critical Care Medicine,
