Table Of ContentPractical Applications
Circuits Handbook
Anne Fischer Lent
Peterborough, New Hampshire
Stan Miastkowski
Peterborough, New Hampshire
ACADEMIC PRESS, INC.
Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, Publishers
San Diego New York Berkeley Boston London Sydney Tokyo Toronto
Copyright © 1989 by Academic Press, Inc.
All Rights Reserved.
No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by
any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any
information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from
the publisher.
Academic Press, Inc.
San Diego, California 92101
United Kingdom Edition published by
Academic Press Limited
24-28 Oval Road, London NW1 7DX
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Lent, Anne Fischer.
Practical applications circuits handbook / Anne Fischer Lent and
Stan Miastkowski.
p. cm.
Includes index.
ISBN 0-12-443775-3 (alk. paper)
1. Electronic circuits—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Miastkowski,
Stan. II. Title.
TK7867.L47 1989
621.381 '32-dc20 89-32344
CIP
Printed in the United States of America
89 90 91 92 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
This book is dedicated to Greg, Steven, Dexter, Kathe,
and Pepper, who endured numerous solitary evenings
and weekends in the name of electronic literacy.
Preface
Whether you're a professional engineer, a stu- You'll undoubtedly notice that there's a large
dent, or a hobbyist, you've undoubtedly found difference in the design of the schematics in this
that getting practical information on the types of book. That's because we've reproduced the cir-
circuits you need to use in common day-to-day cuit diagrams from their original source, making
applications is difficult. Textbooks and technical sure that nothing has been lost in the translation.
books tend toward the theoretical rather than the Where possible, we've also included the original
practical. Component manufacturers do provide manufacturer parts list and the significant design
a wide range of practical applications data, but equations that will help you understand how the
there are scores of manufacturers and literally thou- circuit works or allow you to modify the circuit
sands of different application notes, data books, to your particular needs should you wish to do so.
and reference guides. The time required to gather Each circuit includes a brief description of its
all this material (not to mention the money you'd overall design, and (where necessary) back-
spend) makes gathering extensive applications ground information on concepts and compo-
data impractical for most people. In addition, nents. But make no mistake, this is no theoretical
you'd need an extra office just to store it all. tome that's destined to gather dust on the shelf.
In this book, we've done the leg work for you. As this book's title implies, this is a practical guide
The Practical Applications Circuits Handbook con- to application circuits. It's designed to allow you
tains some 350 circuit designs and applications to quickly find a solution to a particular design
culled from manufacturer data. The purpose is to problem. If you want or need more-detailed data,
avoid having to "reinvent the wheel" when de- there are plenty of books available that delve
signing an application. You can use most of the deeply into circuit theory.
circuits as they are, since they've ostensibly been We've also included with each circuit a citation
tested by the manufacturers to make the best use of its original source. Because of space limita-
of their particular components. You can also use tions, detailed design information for some of the
the circuits as a jumping-off point for additional circuits had to be omitted. To obtain these data
design since many can be modified by changing a (or if you just want to learn more about a partic-
few components or component values. ular application), consult the original source.
The circuits in this book are largely taken from You'll find the addresses of the sources given in
the most up-to-date manufacturer literature the Acknowledgments section (p. xxi). In many
available. There are many examples using com- cases, manufacturers will be more than happy to
ponents that are at the cutting edge of chip de- send you a reasonable number of their applica-
sign. But we've also included some of the "oldies tion notes or data books free of charge, especially
but goodies," time-proven circuit designs that if they're requested on company letterhead.
are still the best practical examples in this age of Some manufacturers charge for design data, and
high-tech. Also, don't be surprised to see some others offer a subscription service that will ensure
repetition in circuit types. In many cases, differ- you always receive the latest detailed design data.
ent manufacturers suggest different designs for cir- We hope that you'll find this book useful. It
cuits that are intended to perform the same func- should save you hours or even days of searching
tion. Comparing these designs can be a valuable when you need to find a circuit for your specific
lesson in varying approaches to circuit design. application.
Anne Fischer Lent
Stan Miastkowski
xix
Acknowledgments
The publication of this book was made possible because of the cooperation of the following
companies. If you wish to obtain the original sources for the circuits shown in this book, you should
contact them directly. The authors express their gratitude to the following:
Advanced Micro Devices, Inc., 901 Thompson Motorola Semiconductor Products, Inc., P.O.
Place, P.O. Box 3453, Sunnyvale, California Box 20912, Phoenix, Arizona 85036
94088
NEC Electronics, 401 Ellis Street, P.O. Box
Analog Devices, Inc., Two Technology Way, 7241, Mountain View, California 94039
Norwood, Massachusetts 02062
RCA Solid State Division, P.O. Box 3200,
Burr-Brown Corporation, International Airport Somerville, New Jersey 08876
Industrial Park, P.O. Box 11400, Tucson,
Signetics Corporation, 811 E. Arques Ave., P.O.
Arizona 85734
Box 3409, Sunnyvale, California 94088-3409
EXAR Corporation, 2222 Qume Drive, San
Jose, California 95131
Linear Technology Corporation, 1630
McCarthy Boulevard, Milpitas, California
95035
All circuits in this book have been reproduced with the express written permission of each of the
companies listed above. Any additional reproduction of any circuit without the express written
permission of company involved is prohibited.
All the above companies reserve all rights to the circuits in this book. Any inquiries regarding
reproduction or other use of the circuits should be addressed directly to the company involved.
xxi
Abbreviations
The following abbreviations are used in the schematics and circuit descriptions that you'll find in
this book. In some cases, you'll notice some inconsistencies in the style of the abbreviations. This
is because the schematics have been compiled from a variety of different sources.
A ampere F/V frequency/vol tage
AC alternating current FSK frequency-shift keying
AC/DC AC or DC operation GHz gigahertz
A/D analog digital H henry
AFC automatic frequency control Hz hertz
AGC automatic gain control IC integrated circuit
AM amplitude modulation IF intermediate frequency
ASCII American Standard Code for IMD intermodulation distortion
Information Interchange 1/Ο input/output
ASK amplitude-shift keying Κ kilohm or kilobyte (1024 bytes)
BCD binary-coded decimal kHz kilohertz
bps bits per second kw kilowatt
C centigrade or capacitor L inductor
CCO current-controlled oscillator L-C inductor-capacitor
cm centimeter LED light-emitting diode
CMOS complementary metal-oxide LSB least significant bit
semiconductor LSI large-scale integration
CRT cathode ray tube LVDT linear-variable differential
CT center-tapped transformer
D diode m milli
D/A digital-to-analog M megohm or megabyte
DAC digital-to-analog converter mA milliampere
dB decibel(s) meg megohm or megabyte
DC direct current MSB most significant bit
D/F digital/frequency MHz megahertz
DIFET dielectrically isolated field-effect mL milliliter
transistor mm millimeter
DIP dual inline package MOS metal-oxide semiconductor
DPDT double-pole, double-throw switch ms millisecond
DPST double-pole, single-throw switch mW milliwatt
DTMF dual-tone multi-frequency ns nanosecond
DVM digital voltmeter NTSC national television standards
ECL emitter-coupled logic committee
EMF electromotive force pF picofarad
EMI electromagnetic interference p-p peak to peak
EPROM erasable PROM PC printed circuit or personal
F farenheit or farad computer
FET field-effect transistor pot potentiometer
FM frequency modulation PLL phase-locked loop
xxiii
XXIV ABBREVIATIONS
ppm parts per million SPST single-pole, single-throw switch
PSK phase-shift encoding Τ transformer
PMOS P-channel MOS TMOS enhanced special power FET
PROM programmable read-only memory TTL transistor-transistor logic
PUT programmable unijunction uA microampere
transistor UART universal asynchronous receiver-
Q transistor or quality factor transmitter
R resistor UHF ultra-high frequency
RAM random-access memory UL Underwriter's Laboratories
R/C resistor/capacitor uS microsecond
rf radio frequency uV microvolt
RFI radio frequency interference V volt
RGB red-green-blue VAC volts alternating current
RIAA Recording Industry Association of VC voltage-controlled
America VCA voltage-controlled amplifier
RMS root-mean square VCO voltage-controlled oscillator
ROM read-only memory VDC volts direct current
RPM rotations per minute V/F voltage/frequency
RTD resistance temperature detector VHF very-high frequency
SCA subsidiary-carrier authorization VU volume unit
SAR successive approximation converter W watt
SCR silicon-controlled rectifier X times
SPAT single-pole, double-throw switch
Chapter 1
Audio Amplifiers
310-milliwatt Transformerless Audio Amplifier
Basic Class Β Audio Amplifier
3- to 5-watt Audio Amplifiers
12-watt Audio Amplifier
15-, 20-, and 25-watt Darlington Amplifiers
20-watt Audio Amplifier
7- to 3 5-watt Amplifiers
High Power Audio Amplifier
100-watt Audio Amplifier
Gain-Controlled Stereo Amplifier
Ceramic Pickup Amplifier
2 1. AUDIO AMPLIFIERS
f 1
INPUT 'M I j_
X500K ^ CA3020 \. M «} |
+ ^^CA3020A^1 φ I 3 ,
Τ
Λ I [ n RCA — 111M 3
-i- γ 130-OHM SPEAKER
L OR EQUIV
310-milliwatt Transformerless
Audio Amplifier
You can use this circuit as a highly efficient class Β
audio power output circuit in such applications as
communications systems, AM or FM radios, tape
recorders, intercoms, or linear mixers. Because it's
transformerless, it's particularly useful for portable
applications. This amplifier gives 310 mV output
for an input of 45mW and has a high impedance
of 50,000 ohms. Source: W. M. Austin and Η. M.
Kleinman, "Application of the RCA CA3020
and CA3020A Integrated-Circuit Multi-Purpose
Wide-Band Power Amplifiers," Application Note
ICAN-5766, RCA Solid State.
M l. ~~ cc Basic Class Β Audio Amplifier
5 ~ This simple amplifier circuit gives you a power
t
<; \* r—ι output of either 1/2 or 1 watt, depending on
I —\\\ f °loadT whether you're using the RCA CA3 020 or
j ι—5 CA3020A. It can be used with a wide range of
^ voltages. In this circuit, the emitter-follower
stage at the input is used as a buffer amplifier to
provide a high input impedance. The extended
frequency range of the IC requires the high-
frequency AC bypass capacitor used at the
input. Otherwise, oscillation could occur at
the stray resonant frequencies of the external
~ •< ooiyj^ components. Source: W. M. Austin and Η. M.
I— 1 Τ 1 1 X Kleinman, "Application of the RCA CA3020
3 vF ~ and CA3 02 OA Integra ted-Circuit Multi-
* Better Coil and Transformer DF108A, Purpose Wide-Band Power Amplifiers,"
ThordarsonTR-192, or equ.valent. Application Note ICAN-5766, RCA Solid State.
r r
• see text and tables.
1. AUDIO AMPLIFIERS 3
TABLE 1a-Amplifier Performance Characteristics
3 W 5 W
Reference Figure 1 18 Vdc 22 Vdc
1. Idle Current (normal no signal) 20 mA 50 mA
2. Current Drain at Rated Power 275 mA 360 mA
3. Typical Input Impedance 280 kohms 280 kohms
4. TH D at Rated Output Power 20 Hz or kHz to < 1% < 1%
20 kHz
5. IM Distortion at 60 and 7000 Hz 4:1 ratio at < 1% < 1%
Rated Power
6. -3 dB Bandwidth 20 Hz-290 kHz 20 Hz-325 kHz
7. Typical input sensitivity for rated output 0.250 VRMS 0.250 VRMS
power
8. Maximum output power at 5% TH D without 4.2 Watts 7.03 Watts
current limiting
9. Maximum output power at 5% THD with 4.06 Watts 6.66 Watts
current limiting
10. Power Supply Ripple Rejection 34 dB 32 dB
11. Short Circuit Power Supply Current with 750 mA 1 A
Current Limiting
3- to 5-watt Audio Amplifiers
These two circuits show a general design for constructing 3- to 5-watt audio amplifiers using
standard plastic-encapsulated transistors. The first design uses PNP transistors, the second NPN.
These designs are only starting points, and no particular effort has been made to optimize the circuit
performance. Source: "Basic Design of Medium Power Audio Amplifiers," Motorola
Semiconductor Products, Application Note AN-484A, Motorola, Inc.
