Power, Law and the End of Privateering

267 Pages·2014·3.34 MB·English

by  Jan Martin Lemnitzer (auth.)

Power, Law and the End of Privateering
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Power, Law and the End
of Privateering
Jan Martin Lemnitzer
LecturerinHistory,PembrokeCollege,OxfordUniversity,UK
©JanMartinLemnitzer2014
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2014 978-0-230-30185-6
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For Ella and Karin
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Contents
ListofTables ix
Acknowledgements x
ListofAbbreviations xii
Introduction:Power,LawandtheDeclarationofParis 1
1 ‘MoreSeriousthantheEasternQuestionItself’–The
CrimeanWarCompromise 17
2 TheCrimeanWarandMaritimeLaw 26
‘Thedawnofabetterdayinwarfare’:Thenewrules
inpractice 26
‘Thetotalsuppressionofprivateering’:Britainand
lettersofmarque 36
‘Recognizedthroughoutthecivilizedworld’–the
UStreatycampaign 43
3 ‘CatchingBrotherJonathanintheTrapwhichHeLaidfor
Us’–TheGenesisoftheDeclarationofParis 57
TheUSproposal 57
TheCongressofParis 62
Justificationsandexpectations 70
4 ‘ThatMoralLeagueofNationsAgainsttheUnitedStates’–
TheDeclarationofParisandtheMarcyAmendment 75
5 ‘TheUnitedStatesHaveaVoteinFramingtheMaritimeLaw
ofthisAge’–TheCassMemorandumandBremen’s
CampaignfortheMarcyAmendment 96
TheCassMemorandum 96
TheBremencampaign 100
Cobden,coalandcontraband 111
6 TheDeclarationofParisandtheAmericanCivilWar 115
TheDeclarationofParisandtheNorth:Seward’sscheme 116
TheDeclarationofParisandtheConfederacy:
Theendofprivateering 129
Northernprivateering? 134
Britainandtheblockade 139
Britainandneutralrights 143
vii
viii Contents
PartVI:TheDeclarationofParisandtheAmericanCivil
War:Acaseforreform? 150
7 ‘AnnouncingOurWithdrawalfromtheDeclaration’–The
DeclarationofParisandtheFranco-GermanWarof1870 154
The1866Austro-PrussianWar:Aprecedentforthe
MarcyAmendment? 154
TheFrenchwayofblockade 157
France’sglobalwaronGermantrade 161
Bismarck’schallengetotheDeclarationofParis 164
Conclusion:TheRiseandFalloftheDeclarationofParis 173
Notes 197
Bibliography 238
Index 245
Tables
2.1 UKimportsofhemp,flaxandtallowfromRussia
andPrussia,1853–4 27
2.2 OverallvalueofRussianimportsandexports,1853–7 35
ix