Table Of ContentPROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03
CDM – Executive Board
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CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM-PDD)
Version 03 - in effect as of: 28 July 2006
CONTENTS
A. General description of project activity
B. Application of a baseline and monitoring methodology
C. Duration of the project activity / crediting period
D. Environmental impacts
E. Stakeholders‟ comments
Annexes
Annex 1: Contact information on participants in the project activity
Annex 2: Information regarding public funding
Annex 3: Baseline information
Annex 4: Monitoring plan
PROJECT DESIGN DOCUMENT FORM (CDM PDD) - Version 03
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SECTION A. General description of project activity
A.1. Title of the project activity:
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Title : Power generation through MSW at Karimnagar, Andhra Pradesh
Version: 04
Date : 12/12/2011
A.2. Description of the project activity:
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Purpose of the Project Activity
Shalivahana (MSW) Green Energy Ltd. [S(MSW)GEL] intends to establish a 12 MW Power Plant at
Rebladevpally Village near Sultanabad in Karimnagar District, based on Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF)
generated by processing of Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) generated from various Urban Local Bodies
(ULBs) in Andhra Pradesh with processing plants located in Karimnagar and Nizamabad Districts of
Andhra Pradesh. The MSW would be sourced from districts of Karimnagar, Nizamabad, Adilabad,
Medak.
The main objective of the project is to utilize the potential energy sourced from RDF generation by
processing MSW. To achieve the purpose, the project activity is proposed with a total capacity of 1400
TPD waste processing facilities located at three places, namely Karimnagar, Ramagundam and
Nizamabad and one power generation unit of 12 MW capacity at Rebladevpally village in Karimnagar
district. Further details of these facilities are provided below. Project activity may use other
supplementary fuel such as surplus biomass available in the region (cotton stalks, Rice husk, Juliflora and
Maize cobs) and coal, in emergency and unavoidable situation. However, the same would be as per the
guidelines and within the specified limits of MSW based power generation projects (15% coal or 25%
biomass1 or together to a maximum extent of 25%2).
Based on the total 1400 TPD processing capacity, the total expected incoming MSW to the project
including three processing facilities is 511000 TPA. Based on the characteristics of MSW, the total
amount of RDF and compost production is expected to be approximately 163155 tonnes and 60225
tonnes per annum respectively.
The project activity involves in two phases. The phase wise implementation of the proposed project
activity is given below:
Phase I Rated Capacity Phase II Rated Capacity
RDF processing
175 TPD RDF &
Power plant 12 MW and Compost plant
250 TPD compost
at Nizamabad
RDF Processing plant at 225 TPD Compost plant at
300 TPD
Karimnagar Karimnagar
1 MNRE Guidelines dated 24 April 2007; http://www.mnre.gov.in/energy-uwaste.htm
2 Letter dated 8 November 2010 (Ref: Lr No. 3441/ RES-I/ 2010-3) from Energy Department, Government of
Andhra Pradesh
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RDF Processing plant at 225 TPD Compost plant at 300 TPD
Ramagundam Ramagundam
Processing of RDF involves in stages such as tipping, pre-sorting, manual segregation, magnetic
separation, rotary/web screen separation, crushing and shredding, ballistic separation and RDF
generation. In composting, the process involves in windrow processing, coarse segregation, waste curing,
refinement and packing of compost. The power plant uses RDF in the pusher grate boiler to generate the
steam, which will be fed to the matching steam turbine with generator to produce electricity. The
electricity generated will be supplied to the grid system.
The activities of Phase-I have been partially implemented and the power plant commenced its power
generations from April 2010. The organic waste generated at Karimnagar and Ramagundam processing
facilities will be disposed in the landfill/disposal facilities till the composting units will be operational.
Due to delay in financial closure for the activities covered in Phase-II and these activities are likely to be
commissioned in 2012.
Scenario Existing Prior to Start of the Implementation of the Project Activity
In the pre-project scenario, municipal solid waste is disposed in the existing Solid Waste Disposal Site
(SWDS) located in Karimanagr, Ramagundam and Nizamabad. While compaction and levelling3 is
carried out to increase the life of SWDS, there are no measures for Landfill Gas capture/ destruction. (See
Pictures below) The open disposal of waste causes a number of environmental and health hazards, in
addition to unabated release of methane in to the atmosphere, which is one of the prominent green house
gas.
Thus, the common practice scenario in the absence of the project is disposal of waste without any
measures to avoid methane emissions (also the baseline scenario)
Fig: Disposal and compaction of municipal solid waste in the baseline scenario
Project Scenario
3 Municipal Administration and Urban Development authority letter
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In the project scenario, three processing plants will be set up, at Karimnagar, Ramagundam and
Nizamabad for the purpose of RDF generation based on MSW. The RDF generated from these processing
units will be transported to the power plant site located at Rebladevpally near Sultanabad. The capacities
of processing plants are provided below:
Total RDF Composting
S.no Processing facility incoming capacity capacity
waste (TPD) (TPD) (TPD)
1. Karimnagar 500 225 300
2. Ramagundam 500 225 300
3. Nizamabad 400 175 250
Processing units will be supplied with required MSW from the surrounding ULBs, where it is refined to
produce RDF fluff and compost. This RDF fluff will be used as fuel to operate the power plant and
compost will be used for soil application as fertilizer. The proposed MSW power plant at Rebladevpally
is expected to be in operation throughout the year. The proposed power plant is equipped with boiler of
pusher grate technology, which has been used for the first time in MSW fired boiler in India4. The organic
matter segregated from these processing units will be composted at respective processing unit sites. The
compost thus produced will be sold as soil conditioner to neighbouring farms.
Electricity generated by the project activity will be sold to a third party. The project has been taken up by
the project proponent to address the critical environmental problem faced in solid waste management by
the state of Andhra Pradesh and particularly Karimnagar, Medak, Adilabad and Nizamabad districts. In
addition the project activity will also address to some extent the acute energy crisis faced by southern
region of India by producing 12 MW of clean electricity that will be supplied to the local region, which is
being fed by southern grid.
Contribution to reduction in GHG emissions by the Proposed Project Activity
The project would achieve significant reduction in Green House Gas emissions due to the following two
components:
Avoidance of methane emission from disposal of solid waste in the SWDS.
Replacement of energy from carbon intensive southern regional grid of India by supply of
renewable electricity.
Contribution of Project Activity to Sustainable Development:
Indian economy is highly dependent on “Coal” as fuel to generate energy and for production processes.
Thermal power plants are the major consumers of coal in India and yet the basic electricity needs of a
large section of population are not being met.
This results in excessive demands for electricity and place immense stress on the environment. Changing
coal consumption patterns will require a multi-pronged strategy focusing on demand, reducing wastage of
energy and the optimum use of waste to energy, renewable energy sources.
4 Letter from Thermax for using pusher grate technology for the first time in India dated 07 September 2010
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Government of India has stipulated following indicators for sustainable development in the interim
approval guidelines5 for CDM projects.
1. Social well-being
2. Economic well-being
3. Environmental well-being
4. Technological well-being
1. Social well being:
The plant site is in rural area where unemployment, poverty and other economic backwardness
are prevailing; the project would lead to the development of the region
During civil works, a lot of construction work is to be taken place, which will generate
employment for local people around the plant site
Other than these, there are various kinds of mechanical work, which would generate employment
opportunity on regular and permanent basis
Day to day operations in collection of MSW and segregation of MSW, create the employment
opportunities to the local people/ community.
2. Economic well being:
The project activity will generate employment in the local area.
It would provide stable and quality power to the nearest substation which will aid in hassle free
manufacturing of products.
The main resource for power generation is MSW, which is otherwise being disposed without any
commercial value.
In other words, the plant is generating commercial value to RDF. The above benefits due to
project activity ensure that the project would contribute to the social and economic well being in
the region.
Hence, the project contributes to the economic sustainability around the plant site, which is
promotion of decentralization of economic power.
3. Environmental well being:
A power plant based on RDF as fuel, does not affect the ecology, provided a few precautions are
taken in the design of the plant. Project also reduces pollution since it avoids the methane that
would have been generated in solid waste disposal sites due to anaerobic decay of MSW and also
displaces the grid electricity which is a fossil fuel dominated grid6. All the necessary measures are
planned to be taken in the plant‟s design for minimizing the impact on the ecology of the
environment.
To limit the SPM emission during RDF firing, Electro static precipitator (ESP) has been placed in
design.
The proposed project ensures the resource sustainability by avoiding the pressure on over-
exploited and precious fossil fuel resources and emerging as alternative and sustainable fuel
source for energy purposes.
4. Technological well being:
5 http://www.cdmindia.gov.in/approval_process.php
6 CEA database, Government of India; version 06, March 2011
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The technology selected for the proposed project is the best available technology in India. The
project uses a steam turbo generator with matching boiler of pusher type, which is capable of
firing multi fuels. The project activity applied pusher grate technology for the first time in MSW
projects in India, which indicates the contribution of the project activity towards technological
advancement in the sector.
In view of the above, the project participant considers that the project activity profoundly contributes to
the sustainable development.
A.3. Project participants:
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Name of the Party Private and/or Public entity (ies) Kindly indicate if the party
involved ((host) indicates a Project participants involved wishes to be
host party) (as applicable) considered as project
participant (Yes/No)
India (Host) Private entity: No
Shalivahana (MSW) Green Energy
Ltd.
A.4. Technical description of the project activity:
A.4.1. Location of the project activity:
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A.4.1.1. Host Party(ies):
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India
A.4.1.2. Region/State/Province etc.:
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State: Andhra Pradesh
A.4.1.3. City/Town/Community etc.:
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District: Karimnagar and Nizamabad
A.4.1.4. Details of physical location, including information allowing the
unique identification of this project activity (maximum one page):
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Project Site
o Processing plants : 3 units - Karimnagar, Ramagundam and Nizamabad
o Power plant : one unit - Rebladevpally
District : Karimnagar & Nizamabad
State : Andhra Pradesh
Geographical Location : Rebladevpally power plant, Karimnagar and
Ramagundam processing facilities are located in
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Karimnagar district and Nizamabad processing unit in
Nizamabad district, Andhra Pradesh, India.
The power plant is located at 154 km from Hyderabad, which is the capital city of Andhra Pradesh.
The nearest Railway Station is at Peddapalli at a distance of 10 km and the nearest Airport is at
Hyderabad. The other project sites with processing facilities are also well connected by existing road
networks and are easily accessible.
Site Latitude Longitude
Karimnagar processing plant 18o 24.769” N 79o 08. 632”E
Ramagundam processing plant 18o 46.000” N 79o 26.029” E
Nizamabad processing plant 18o 38.610” N 78o 04.080” E
Rebladevpally MSW power plant 18o 32.702” N 79o 21.134” E
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Lo cation of Andhra Pradesh state in India; Location of Adilabad, Nizamabad, Medak and Karimnagar
dis tricts inthe state.
Ramagundam
processing unit
Nizamabad
processing unit Power Plant
Karimnagar
processing unit
Location of processing units and power plant in Nizamabad and Karimnagar districts of Andhra Pradesh
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A.4.2. Category(ies) of project activity:
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The project uses UNFCCC Approved Methodology: AM0025 “Avoided emissions from organic waste
through alternative waste treatment processes” Version: 12.
Sectoral scope – 1: „Energy industries (renewable -non-renewable sources) and
Sectoral scope – 13: „Waste handling and Disposal‟.
A.4.3. Technology to be employed by the project activity:
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The waste treatment process will include all the three treatment technologies; physical segregation,
biological treatment and RDF production, subsequently used for energy generation. This kind of waste to
energy MSW based treatment facilities are relatively new concept in India7. Most of the previous
experiences or implemented projects in India are in a conventional way of treating waste using either
RDF generation or power generation or waste composting as separate activities. The proposed activity is
an integrated facility which generates RDF, uses RDF for power generation and composting of organic
material. The proposed waste treatment project integrates three technologies with the following features:
Physical segregation using a combination of Trommel/web screens and Handpicking methods
Organic/Compostable waste is separated for Biological Treatment. The organic waste is
segregated using mechanical means (like trommel/web screens and set of conveyor systems) and
decomposed using Mechanical Composting Means; Windrow Technology
The segregated waste with combustible components (like paper, wood, plastics and garden waste)
is used for preparation of raw feed to the RDF fired boiler in power plant and simultaneous
electricity generation.
The MSW & RDF characterization has been carried out on 18 August 2008 and the test results are
provided below:
7 Municipal solid waste management in Indian cities – A review
http://www.unc.edu/courses/2009spring/envr/890/002/readings/SolidWasteIndiaReview2008.pdf
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RDF Quality
MSW collected from different sources has different calorific values. However, after drying and separation
of non-combustible fraction, the RDF produced shall have an average Gross Calorific Value of 2000-
2500 kcal / kg. The processing of the MSW at the processing plant will be carried out in such as manner
that the physical and chemical properties of the RDF produced would be homogenous and constant over
time.
Expected RDF characteristics:
Test Unit of measurement Result obtained
Proximate analysis % by mass
Total moisture % by mass 25.44
Ash Content % by mass 20
Ultimate analysis
Carbon % by mass 25
Hydrogen % by mass 2.8
Nitrogen % by mass 0.23
Sulphur % by mass 0.53
Oxygen % by mass 21
Chlorine % by mass <0.15
Gross calorific value Kcal/kg 2218
Compost Quality
The compost produced will comply with standards of Schedule-IV (MSW Rules 2000), which has been
fixed by the competent national authority to ensure avoidance of any possible adverse impacts expected
as a result of application of compost and is approved as acceptable practice in India.
The plant will take all possible measures to take care of the toxicity problem of the compost being
produced after composting. The following specific measures will be taken:
Waste segregated from RDF processing facility will be properly checked for plastic or heavy metals
before sending it to the compost plant.
Removal of plastic, plastic products as well as glass and heavy metals from the waste, if observed.
Process flow diagram for the Integrated Waste Management System in S(MSW)GEL is presented below:
Description:The power plant uses RDF in the pusher grate boiler to generate the steam,
which The organic waste generated at Karimnagar and Ramagundam
processing.
