Power Electronics Design Handbook: Low-Power Components and Applications

321 Pages·1998·13.1 MB·English

by  Nihal Kularatna

Power Electronics
Design Handbook
The ED. Series for Design Engineers "
N. Kularatna Power Electronics Design Handbook: Low-Power Components and
Applications
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Power Electronics
Design Handbook
Low-Power Components
and Applications
Nihal Kularatna
Newnes
BOSTON, OXFORD, JOHANNESBURG, MELBOURNE, NEW DELHI, SINGAPORE
Newnes is an imprint of Butterworth-Heinemann.
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Kularatna, Nihal.
Power electronics design handbook : low-power components and applications / Nihal
Kularatna.
p. cm. -- (EDN series for design engineers)
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 0-7506-7073-8 (alk. paper)
1. Power electronics--Design and construction. 2. Low voltage systems--Design and con-
struction. I. Title II. Series
TK7881.15.K85 1998b
621.31' 7--dc21 98-8326
CIP
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Transferred to Digital Printing 2006
To my family... Priyani, Dulsha, and Malsha
This Page Intentionally Left Blank
Contents
ii i
Foreword Xl.°I. I
PreFace XV
Acknowledgments lVll
.... u,, i . , i i
Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Power Electronics Industry
1.2 Power Conversion Electronics
1.3 Importance of Power Electronics in the Modem World
1.4 Semiconductor Components
1.5 Power Quality and Modem Components
1.6 Systems Approach
1.7 Specialized Applications
References
Chapter 2 Power Semiconductors 9
2.1 Introduction 9
2.2 Power Diodes and Thyristors 10
2.3 Gate Turn-Off Thyristors 26
2.4 Bipolar Power Transistors 28
2.5 Power MOSFETs 36
2.6 Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT) 47
2.7 MOS Controlled Thyristor (MCT) 49
References 52
Bibliography 53
VIeeI
viii POWERE LECTRONICS DESIGN HANDBOOK
Chapter 3 DC to DC Converters 55
3.1 Introduction 55
3.2 DC to DC Conversion Fundamentals 56
3.3 Converter Topologies 60
3.4 Control of DC to DC Converters 71
3.5 Resonant Converters 76
3.6 Special DC to DC Converter Designs 84
3.7 DC to DC Converter Applications and ICs 93
3.8 State of the Art and Future Directions 95
References 96
Bibliography 98
Chapter 4 Off'-the'-Line"Switchmode Power Suppiies 99
4.1 Introduction 99
4.2 Building Blocks of a Typical High Frequency Off-the-Line
Switching Power Supply 100
4.3 Magnetic Components 106
4.4 Output Section 117
4.5 Ancillary, Supervisory and Peripheral Circuits 129
4.6 Power Supplies for Computers 129
4.7 Modular SMPS Units for Various Industrial Systems 130
4.8 Future Trends in SMPS 132
4.9 Field Trouble-Shooting of Computer Systems Power Supplies 133
References 134
Chapter 5 Rechargeable Batteries and Their
Management 137
5.1 Introduction 137
5.2 Battery Terminology 137
Contents ix
5.3 Battery Technologies: An Overview 141
5.4 Lead-Acid Batteries 142
5.5 Nickel Cadmium (NiCd) Batteries 148
5.6 Nickel Metal Hydride Batteries 151
5.7 Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) Batteries 153
5.8 Reusable Alkaline Batteries 156
5.9 Zn-Air Batteries 158
5.10 Battery Management 159
References 173
Bibliography 174
C'hapter 6 Protection systems for i.ow Voltage, Low
Power Systems 175
6.1 Introduction 175
6.2 Types of Disturbances ]76
6.3 Different Kinds of Power Protection Equipment 177
6.4 Power Synthesis Equipment 199
References
199
Bibliography
200
C'h'a'pter 7 tJninterruplible Power Supplies 201
7.1 Introduction
201
7.2 Different Types of Uninterrupted Power Supplies
202
7.3 UPS System Components
211
7.4 UPS Diagnostics, Intelligence, and Communications
223
7.5 UPS Reliability, Technology Changes and the Future
226
References
227
Bibliography
227