Post-construction modifications to fire protection and life safety systems of the World Trade Center towers

2005·6.2 MB·English

by  Grill, Raymond A.

NISTNCSTAR1-1H
Federal Building and Fire Safety Investigation of the
World Trade Center Disaster
Post-Construction Modifications
to Fire Protection and Life Safety
Systems of the World Trade
Center Towers
Raymond A. Grill
Duane A. Johnson
Notional InstituteofStandardsandTechnology • TechnologyAdministrotion • U.S. DeportmentofCommerce

Abstract
This report was prepared to support the analysis ofbuilding and fire codes and standards ofthe National
Institute ofStandards and Technology World Trade Center (WTC) Investigation. The purpose ofthis
report is to document the Port Authority ofNew York and New Jersey guidelines for inspection, repair,
WTC
andmodifications to fireprotection and egress systems in 1, 2, and 7. This includes guidelines
governing the inspection and upgrading offire alann and fire suppression systems; the reapplication of
fireproofing; and the upgrading ofelevators, hoistways, and elevator lobbies.
This report also documents repairs and modifications made to the fireprotection and life safety systems
WTC WTC
on the affected floors of 1 and 2.
Keywords: Compartmentation, elevators, emergency power, fire alarm, fire protection, fire safety, fire
sprinklers, high-rise buildings, inspections, interior finish, means ofegress, pressurization, venting, voice
communication, World Trade Center.
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Abstract
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11
Table of Contents
Abstract iii
List ofFigures ix
ListofTables xi
ListofAcronyms and Abbreviations xiii
Glossary xv
Preface xvii
Section
I
PANYNJ Guidelines for Inspection, Repair, and Modifications to Fire Protection
Systems
1
Executive Summary 3
Chapter1
Introduction 7
Chapter2
Memorandums of Understanding 9
Chapter3
Tenant Construction Review Manuals 1
3.1 General 1
3.2 Fire Suppression 12
3.3 Fire Alarm 13
3.4 Fireproofing 13
3.5 Egress 14
Chapter4
Design Guidelines 15
4.1 General 15
4.2 Fire Suppression 15
4.3 Fire Alarm 17
4.4 Fireproofing 18
4.5 Egress 18
4.6 Elevators andHoistways 19
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Table ofContents
Chapters
Operation and Maintenance IVIanuais 21
5.1 Fire Suppression 21
5.2 Fire Alarm 26
Chapter6
Port Authority Facility Condition Survey Program 35
6.1 General 35
6.2 Fireproofing 35
Chapter?
Structural Integrity Testing and Inspection Program 37
7.1 Fireproofing 37
Chapter8
Tenants Manual ..39
8.1 General 39
Chapter9
Other Documents... 41
9.1 Fireproofing 41
Chapter 10
References. 43
Section
II
Post-Construction Fire Protection and Life Safety Modifications to the World Trade
Center Towers 45
Executive Summary 47
Chapter 11
Introduction 49
Chapter 12
Base Building Modifications to Affected Floors .......51
12.1 ModificationPrograms in Progress or Completed as ofSeptember 11, 2001 51
12.2 Modification Programs in Development 54
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Table ofContents
Chapter 13
Tenant Modifications to Affected Floors 55
WTC
13.1 1 Tenant Alterations on AffectedFloors (78-84) 56
WTC
13.2 2 Tenant Alterations on Affected Floors (94-98) 57
Chapter 14
References 59
Appendix A
Reproduction of Report on Fire Safety ofthe World Trade Center 61
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Table ofContents
I
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NISTNCSTAR 1-1H, WTCInvestigation
viii
List of Figures
Figure P-1. The eightprojects in the federal building and fire safety investigation ofthe WTC
disaster xix
NISTNCSTAR 1-1H, WTC Investigation ix
ListofFigures
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X NISTNCSTAR 1-1H, WTCInvestigation