Politics in the Monuments of Pompey the Great and Julius Caesar

231 Pages·2022·10.703 MB·English

by  ELEONORA. ZAMPIERI

‘A comprehensive, thought-provoking, and innovative account of the
competition between Pompey and Caesar in the sphere of monumental
building.’
—Tom Stevenson, University of Queensland, Australia

Politics in the Monuments of
Pompey the Great and Julius Caesar
This book explores the diachronic development of the ideological content of
Pompey and Caesar’s monuments in Rome, emphasising the importance of
the late Republican period as a precursor to imperial propaganda through
architecture.
In the final years of the Roman Republic, individuals such as Pompey the
Great and Julius Caesar exploited the communicative power of architecture.
The former promoted the first and largest stone theatre in Rome; the latter
started comprehensive town-planning projects that arguably verged on the
utopian. Yet the study of the politics expressed by these monuments and
how complex late Republican politics shaped the monuments themselves
has attracted less attention than that of subsequent imperial architecture.
Zampieri addresses this imbalance, exploring the ideological meaning of
late Republican monuments and highlighting that monuments were fluid,
adaptable entities, even in the lifespan of a single individual. Accompanied
by detailed maps and images, this volume shows how late Republican archi-
tecture should be considered an important source for understanding politics
of this period.
Politics in the Monuments of Pompey the Great and Julius Caesar will be
of use to anyone working on the politics and social world of the late Roman
Republic, and on Roman architecture and patronage.
Eleonora Zampieri is Marie Skłodowska-Curie Fellow in Roman History at
the Department of Historical, Geographical and Antiquity Studies of the
University of Padua (Italy). Her research interests focus on Roman late Re-
publican politics, elections, and institutions, as well as on provincial govern-
ance during the Roman Republic.
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Politics in the Monuments of Pompey the Great and Julius Caesar
Eleonora Zampieri
For more information on this series, visit: https://www.routledge.com/
Routledge-Monographs-in-Classical-Studies/book-series/RMCS
Politics in the Monuments
of Pompey the Great and
Julius Caesar
Eleonora Zampieri
First published 2023
by Routledge
4 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN
and by Routledge
605 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10158
Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business
© 2023 Eleonora Zampieri
The right of Eleonora Zampieri to be identified as author of this
work has been asserted in accordance with sections 77 and 78 of
the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or
reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical,
or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including
photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers.
Trademark notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks
or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and
explanation without intent to infringe.
British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library
ISBN: 978-0-367–52156-1 (hbk)
ISBN: 978-0-367–53114-0 (pbk)
ISBN: 978-1-003–08050-3 (ebk)
DOI: 10.4324/9781003080503
Typeset in Times New Roman
by codeMantra
To my family

Contents
List of figures xiii
Preface xvii
List of abbreviations xix
Introduction 1
1. Pompey and Caesar 2
2. Pompeian and Caesarian monuments in Rome 4
1 The Protagonists and Their Ideas 8
1.1 Foreword: Propaganda in Antiquity 9
1.2 ‘ita sullaturit animus eius et proscripturit iam diu’
(Cic., Att., 9, 10, 6): Pompey 13
1.2.1 Sulla 13
1.2.2 Alexander the Great 15
1.2.3 The Gods: Venus Victrix 16
1.2.4 The Gods: Hercules 18
1.2.5 The Gods: Minerva 20
1.2.6 The Gods: Dionysus 23
1.2.7 Felicitas 23
1.2.8 Scipio Aemilianus (and Africanus)? 24
1.3 ‘[…] nam Caesari multos Marios inesse’
(Suet., Iul., 1, 1): Caesar 27
1.3.1 Marius 27
1.3.2 The Gracchi Brothers 30
1.3.3 Scipio Aemilianus (and Africanus) 31
1.3.4 Furius Camillus 32
1.3.5 Romulus 34
1.3.6 Servius Tullius 35
1.3.7 Other Models: Ancus Marcius and Numa Pompilius 35
1.3.8 The Gods: Venus 37
1.3.9 The Gods: Veiovis – Iuppiter 38
1.3.10 The Gods: Quirinus 39