Political Leadership in Foreign Policy: Manipulating Support across Borders

240 Pages·2007·0.8 MB·English

by  Andrea K. Grove

1403969493ts01.qxd 7-2-07 04:38 PM Page i
POLITICAL LEADERSHIP IN
FOREIGN POLICY
This page intentionally left blank
1403969493ts01.qxd 7-2-07 04:38 PM Page iii
POLITICAL LEADERSHIP IN
FOREIGN POLICY
MANIPULATING SUPPORT
ACROSS BORDERS
Andrea K. Grove
1403969493ts01.qxd 7-2-07 04:38 PM Page iv
POLITICALLEADERSHIPINFOREIGNPOLICY
© Andrea K. Grove, 2007.
All rights reserved. No part of this book may be used or reproduced in any
manner whatsoever without written permission except in the case of brief
quotations embodied in critical articles or reviews.
First published in 2007 by
PALGRAVE MACMILLAN™
175 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10010 and
Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England RG21 6XS
Companies and representatives throughout the world.
PALGRAVE MACMILLAN is the global academic imprint of the Palgrave
Macmillan division of St. Martin’s Press, LLC and of Palgrave Macmillan Ltd.
Macmillan® is a registered trademark in the United States, United Kingdom
and other countries. Palgrave is a registered trademark in the European
Union and other countries.
ISBN-13: 978–1–4039–6949–1
ISBN-10: 1–4039–6949–3
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is available from the
Library of Congress.
A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library.
Design by Newgen Imaging Systems (P) Ltd., Chennai, India.
First edition: May 2007
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Printed in the United States of America.
1403969493ts01.qxd 7-2-07 04:38 PM Page v
CONTENTS
List of Tables vii
Acknowledgments ix
1 Leadership in Foreign Policy 1
2 Forcing Peace: John Hume’s “Long
Struggle” in Northern Ireland, 1982–1998 13
3 From the Outside In: George H.W. Bush
and the Persian Gulf War,
August 1990–January 1991 41
4 Resisting Change: Mugabe against
the People’s Struggle in
Zimbabwe, 1998–2005 69
5 The South African “Miracle”:
Mandela’s Struggle in a Globalized Transition,
1985–1994 101
6 Pakistan’s Musharraf: The War on
Terror and Fueling the Jihad, 2001–2005 137
7 Concluding Observations 177
Notes 185
Bibliography 209
Index 221
This page intentionally left blank
1403969493ts01.qxd 7-2-07 04:38 PM Page vii
LIST OF TABLES
1.1 Four leadership strategies 8
1.2 Case studies 9
2.1 Summary of John Hume’s use of strategy 20
3.1 Bush’s framing threat strategy 60
3.2 Summary of George Bush’s use of strategy 65
4.1 Summary of Robert Mugabe’s use of strategy 98
5.1 Summary of Nelson Mandela’s use of strategy 134
6.1 Summary of Pervez Musharraf’s use of strategy 172
This page intentionally left blank
1403969493ts01.qxd 7-2-07 04:38 PM Page ix
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
Ihave been so fortunate to have much help, support, and inspiration while
working on this project. First, David Pervin, my initial editor at Palgrave
Macmillan deserves my gratitude because he took an initial proposal targeted at
a different audience and helped me to structure a project more suited to my
passion—that of trying to make research in the field of international relations more
accessible to undergraduate students. His expertise and stylistic approach were
invaluable.
In addition, I would like to thank my students at Westminster College who
have challenged me with their curiosity and their optimism that learning about the
world around them is their first step in changing that world. You know who you
are. Thank you for sharing that hope with me. Westminster College provided
research funds that supplemented travel to South Africa, Northern Ireland, and
additional research locations. For this I am grateful for the sustained support of
Professor Sandra Webster in securing funding. Also, thank you to all the great
colleagues I leave behind as I move on to new challenges in California.
Likewise, a number of colleagues have been so generous with their time and
moral support. Brian Ripley at Mercyhurst College has become one of my most
valued friends and mentors. His many insights on various drafts of this work are
deeply appreciated. I am constantly amazed at his ability to be an excellent educator
and colleague, while still maintaining an exemplary research agenda. Kent Kille at
the College of Wooster, a longtime friend, has also provided both steady moral
support and indispensable expertise. Finally, Chris Scholl has suffered the most
from my years of work on the project (especially by reading countless drafts) and
has helped me maintain my sanity in the struggle to balance research and nearly
overwhelming teaching responsibilities. He has helped me remember that I should
do what makes me happy, and inspired me to pull it all together in a book about
my research for my students, who give it all meaning. His example on the campus
leaves a legacy that would inspire anyone to want to be a better educator.