Policy reform and adjustment in the agricultural sectors of developed countries

296 Pages·2006·3.5 MB·English

by  Blandford

Policy Reform and Adjustment in the
Agricultural Sectors of Developed
Countries
Edited by
David Blandford and Berkeley Hill
The Pennsylvania State University, USA, and University of London,
Imperial College, UK
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OCAB International 2006. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be
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A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London,
UK.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Policy reform and adjustment in the agricultural sectors of developed countries /
edited by David Blandford and Berkeley Hill.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN-1 3: 978-1 -84593-033-2 (alk. paper)
ISBN-10: 1-84593-033-9 (alk. paper)
1. Agriculture and state-European Union countries. 2 Agriculture and state-
North America. 3. Agriculture-Economic aspects-European Union
countries. 4. Agriculture-Economic aspects-North America. 5. Economic
stabilization-European Union countries. 6. Economic stabilization-North
America. I. Blandford, David. 11. Hill, Berkeley. 111. Title.
ISBN 1 84593 033 9
978 1 84593 033 2
Printed and bound in the UK from copy supplied by the editors by Cromwell Press
Ltd, Trowbridge.
Contents
About the Editors vii
Contributors ix
...
Acknowledgements Xlll
List of Abbreviations xv
Foreword xvii
1 Agricultural Adjustment and Policy Reform - 1
Introduction
David Blandford and Berkeley Hill
2 Structural Change in European Agriculture
Berkeley Hill
3 Structural Change in US Agriculture
James M MacDonald, Robert Hoppe and David Banker
4 Pressures for Adjustment in the Agricultural Sectors of
Developed Countries
David Blandford
5 Policy Reform and Adjustment in the European Union:
Changes in the Common Agricultural Policy and
Enlargement
Pierre Bascou, Pierluigi Londero and Wolfgang Munch
6 Policy Reform and US Agricultural Adjustment
Capacity
Mary E. Bur$sher, Kenneth Hanson, Jeffrey Hopkins and
Agapi Somwaru
7 Agricultural Policy Reform and Adjustment in Australia 83
and New Zealand
David Harris and Allan Rae
8 The Swedish Agricultural Policy Reform of 1990 105
Ewa Rabinowicz
Agricultural Policy Reform and Structural Adjustment 123
in Korea and Japan
Hanho Kim and Yong-Kee Lee
Policy Reform and Agricultural Adjustment in
Transition Countries
Johan F. M Swinnen
The Reform of Grain Transportation Policy and 163
Transformation in Western Canadian Agriculture
Darcie Doan, Brian Paddock and Jan Dyer
The US Peanut Quota Buyout: Sectoral Adjustment to 175
Policy Change Under the 2002 Farm Act
Erik Dohlman, Linwood Hoffman, Edwin Young
and William McBride
What Affects Farmers' Ability to Adjust: Evidence from 189
the United States
Jefiey Hopkins, Mitch Morehart and James Johnson
Differences in Farm Performance and Adjustment to 201
Change: A Perspective from The Netherlands
Krijn J. Poppe and Hans van Meijl
Policies Affecting Resource Adjustment in Agriculture in 219
the European Union
Carmel Cahill and Berkeley Hill
Policy for Agricultural Adjustment in the United States
David Blandford and Richard N. Boisvert
Adjustment Policy for Agriculture in Developed
Countries
David Blandford and Berkeley Hill
About the Editors
David Blandford is a professor of agricultural economics in the Department of
Agricultural Economics and Rural Sociology at the Pennsylvania State
University, where he was formerly the head of department. Born and educated in
the United Kingdom, he was also a member of the faculty at Cornell University.
Dr. Blandford spent a number of years at the Organisation for Economic
Cooperation and Development (OECD) in Paris, where he was a head of division
in the Directorate for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries. He has twice served as
chair of the International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium. His
contributions to public education on agricultural policy issues have been
recognized by a Fellowship from the Kellogg Foundation and by a Quality of
Communication Award from the American Association of Agricultural
Economics. He teaches and conducts research on the economics of the food
system, food and agricultural policy, and international trade.
Berkeley Hill is professor of policy analysis at London University, a chair held
at the Wye campus of Imperial College London. A graduate of the universities of
Nottingham (B.Sc.) and Reading (Ph.D.), he held successive posts at Wye
College, University of London before being awarded a personal professorship in
1999 (Wye College merged with Imperial College in 2000). He was granted the
title of Emeritus Professor in October 2005. In addition to teaching and research
on agricultural policy, Dr. Hill has worked extensively with UK and
international organizations on economic statistics for agriculture (especially
income measurement) and rural development. He has served as an external
expert to Eurostat (the statistical office of the European Commission) for the
development of its Income of the Agricultural Households Sector (IAHS)
statistics, has been a consultant to the OECD on agricultural incomes and
taxation, and an evaluator of rural development policy for the UK government.
Most recently he played a leading role in the preparation of a methodological
handbook on Rural Development Statistics and Agriculture Household Income
for the Inter-secretariat Working Group on Agriculture and Rural Indicators. At
weekends he is a musician (choir director, conductor and organist).

Contributors
David E. Banker is an economist with the Economic Research Service, United
States Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA.
Pierre Bascou is an agricultural economist in the Directorate General for
Agriculture and Rural Development of the European Commission, Brussels,
Belgium.
Richard Boisvert is a professor in the Department of Applied Economics and
Management at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.
Mary E. Bur-sher is a visiting professor of economics at the US Naval
Academy, Annapolis, Maryland, USA.
Carmel Cahill is Head of the Policies, Trade and Adjustment Division of
OECD's Directorate for Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, Paris, France.
Darcie Doan is a Trade Policy Analyst with Agriculture and Agri-food Canada
in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Erik Dohlman is an economist at the Economic Research Service, United States
Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA.
Janice Dyer is Acting Director General for the Research and Analysis
Directorate, Agriculture and Agri-food Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Kenneth Hanson is an economist at the Economic Research Service, United
States Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA.
David Harris is a freelance agricultural economist and the Managing Director of
an economic consulting company, D. N. Harris & Associates, Melbourne,
Australia.
Linwood Hofian is an economist at the Economic Research Service, United
States Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA.
Jefiey Hopkins is an analyst for agriculture and natural resources for the Budget
Committee, U.S. House of Representatives, Washington, DC, USA.
x Contributors
Robert A. Hoppe is an economist with the Agricultural Structure and
Productivity Branch of the Economic Research Service, United States
Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA.
James Johnson is an economist at the Economic Research Service, United States
Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA.
Hanho Kim is a professor of agricultural economics in the Department of
Agricultural Economics and Rural Development at the Seoul National
University, Seoul, Korea.
Yong-Kee Lee is a professor of agricultural economics in the Department of Food
Industry Economics at the Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea.
Pierluigi Londero is an agricultural economist in the Directorate General for
Agriculture and Rural Development of the European Commission, Brussels,
Belgium.
William McBride is an economist at the Economic Research Service, United
States Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA.
James M MacDonald is an economist and branch chief at the Economic
Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC,
USA.
Hans van Meijl is an economist in the fields of international trade and technical
change at the Agricultural Economics Research Institute (LEI), Wageningen-UR,
The Hague, The Netherlands.
Mitchell Morehart is an economist at the Economic Research Service, United
States Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA.
Wolfgang Munch is an agricultural economist in the Directorate General for
Agriculture and Rural Development of the European Commission, Brussels,
Belgium.
Brian Paddock is the recently retired Executive Director of the Research and
Analysis Directorate, Agriculture and Agri-food Canada in Ottawa, Ontario,
Canada.
Krijn J. Poppe is a business economist and head of department at the
Agricultural Economics Research Institute (LEI), Wageningen-UR, The Hague,
The Netherlands.
Ewa Rabinowicz is a professor at Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences in
Uppsala, Sweden and Research Director of the Swedish Institute for Food and
Agricultural Economics in Lund, Sweden.
Allan Rae is a professor of agricultural economics in the Department of Applied
and International Economics at Massey University, Palmerston North, New
Zealand.
Agapi Somwaru is an economist at the Economic Research Service, United
States Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA.
Johan Swinnen is professor of development economics in the Department of
Economics at the University of Leuven (KUL), Belgium.
Edwin Young is an economist at the Economic Research Service, United States
Department of Agriculture, Washington, DC, USA.