Point of Care Ultrasound Made Easy

171 Pages·2020·34.103 MB·\171

by  John McCafferty (Editor), James M Forsyth (Editor)

Point of Care
Ultrasound Made Easy

Point of Care
Ultrasound Made Easy
Edited by
John McCafferty
James M Forsyth
CRC Press
Taylor & Francis Group
6000 Broken Sound Parkway NW, Suite 300
Boca Raton, FL 33487-2742
© 2020 by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC
CRC Press is an imprint of Taylor & Francis Group, an Informa business
No claim to original U.S. Government works
Printed on acid-free paper
International Standard Book Number-13: 978-0-367-34958-5 (Paperback)
978-0-367-36601-8 (Hardback)
This book contains information obtained from authentic and highly regarded sources. while all reasonable
efforts have been made to publish reliable data and information, neither the author[s] nor the publisher
can accept any legal responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions that may be made. The publish-
ers wish to make clear that any views or opinions expressed in this book by individual editors, authors or
contributors are personal to them and do not necessarily reflect the views/opinions of the publishers. The
information or guidance contained in this book is intended for use by medical, scientific or health-care
professionals and is provided strictly as a supplement to the medical or other professional’s own judgement,
their knowledge of the patient’s medical history, relevant manufacturer’s instructions and the appropriate
best practice guidelines. Because of the rapid advances in medical science, any information or advice on dos-
ages, procedures or diagnoses should be independently verified. The reader is strongly urged to consult the
relevant national drug formulary and the drug companies’ and device or material manufacturers’ printed
instructions, and their websites, before administering or utilizing any of the drugs, devices or materials
mentioned in this book. This book does not indicate whether a particular treatment is appropriate or suit-
able for a particular individual. Ultimately it is the sole responsibility of the medical professional to make his
or her own professional judgements, so as to advise and treat patients appropriately. The authors and pub-
lishers have also attempted to trace the copyright holders of all material reproduced in this publication and
apologize to copyright holders if permission to publish in this form has not been obtained. if any copyright
material has not been acknowledged please write and let us know so we may rectify in any future reprint.
Except as permitted under U.S. Copyright Law, no part of this book may be reprinted, reproduced, transmit-
ted, or utilized in any form by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented,
including photocopying, microfilming, and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system,
without written permission from the publishers.
For permission to photocopy or use material electronically from this work, please access www.copyright.com
(http://www.copyright.com/) or contact the Copyright Clearance Center, Inc. (CCC), 222 Rosewood Drive,
Danvers, MA 01923, 978-750-8400. CCC is a not-for-profit organization that provides licenses and registra-
tion for a variety of users. For organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by the CCC, a separate
system of payment has been arranged.
Trademark Notice: Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used
only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe.
Library of Congress Control Number: 2020930237
Visit the Taylor & Francis Web site at
http://www.taylorandfrancis.com
and the CRC Press Web site at
http://www.crcpress.com
We dedicate this book to all busy clinicians across the world. You all work
tirelessly, go beyond the call of duty every day and do make a positive difference.
Ultrasound is a tool that we believe is at your disposal and can make your life
easier, yet perhaps you feel you are not the right person to be using it. Well,
we say otherwise and encourage you to embrace the point-of-care ultrasound
revolution. We hope that you find this material helpful and that it will make
a long-term positive impact on your clinical practice and ultimately lead to
improved patient care.

CONTENTS
Foreword xi
Acknowledgements xiii
Contributors xv
Part I Background to Point-of-Care
Ultrasound Made Easy (POCUSME)
Chapter 1 How Does Ultrasound Work? 3
John McCafferty
Learning Objectives 3
What Is Ultrasound? 3
Properties of Ultrasound in Tissues 4
Ultrasound Imaging 5
Image Acquisition 6
Scanning Modes 7
Optimising Imaging 10
Other Functions 12
Ultrasound Devices Used in Point of Care 12
Ultrasound Safety 14
Chapter 2 Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) 15
John McCafferty
Learning Objectives 15
POCUS in Diagnosis 16
Trauma and Emergency Care 16
POCUS in Critical Care 17
POCUS in Primary Care 20
Sports Medicine 21
POCUS for Safety in Image-Guided Procedures 21
Part II Ultrasound Assessments
by Body System
Chapter 3 Neck Ultrasound 27
Kirsten MS Kind
Learning Objectives 27
Anatomy of the Neck 27
Ultrasound Imaging of Thyroid 30
vii
Ultrasound Imaging of Salivary Glands 32
Ultrasound Imaging of Vessels of the Neck 34
Ultrasound Imaging of Lymph Nodes 35
Examples of Common Pathology 36
Chapter 4 Thoracic Ultrasound 39
John McCafferty
Learning Objectives 39
Thoracic Anatomy 39
Basic Thoracic Ultrasound Assessment 42
Common Respiratory Pathologies 45
Chapter 5 Cardiac Ultrasound 51
Nick B Spath, Anoop SV Shah and Shirjel R Alam
Learning Objectives 51
Introduction 51
Image Acquisition 52
Optimising Imaging Windows 61
Normal Morphology and Pathology 61
Inside/Outside of the Heart 69
Conclusion 71
Chapter 6 Abdomino-Pelvic Ultrasound 73
Kirsten MS Kind
Learning Objectives 73
Anatomy 73
Systematic Approach to Assessment 75
Specific Organ Assessment 76
Common Pathologies 87
Chapter 7 Musculoskeletal Ultrasound 91
Kirsten MS Kind
Learning Objectives 91
Introduction 91
The Hip Joint 92
The Knee Joint 94
viii
The Ankle Joint 97
The Shoulder Joint 99
Pathologies 101
Chapter 8 Arterial Ultrasound 105
James M Forsyth
Learning Objectives 105
Arterial System 105
Basic Lower Limb Arterial Ultrasound Assessment 107
Common Pathology Affecting Arterial System 119
Conclusion 120
Chapter 9 Venous Ultrasound 121
James M Forsyth
Learning Objectives 121
Anatomy 121
Basic Lower Limb Venous Ultrasound Assessment 124
Common Pathology Affecting Venous System 133
Conclusion 134
Part III Assessment
Chapter 10 Single Best Answer Assessment 137
Index 151
ix