PMS Revised Syllabus

197 Pages·2016·2.16 MB·English

PUNJAB PUBLIC SERVICE COMMISSION

SYLLABUS PMS (OPTIONAL SUBJECTS)

AGRICULTURE
PAPER- I Total Marks: 100

1. Natural Resources of Pakistan (land, water, and biodiversity), problems and
challenges to natural resources and measures to conserve them.Green revolution and its
basis.
2. Farming and cropping systems of Pakistan; scope and challenges in conservation,
intensive and organic farming in the country.Dryland farming, types and associated
problems.Measures to improve the sustainability of dryland farming systems.
3. Agro-ecological zones of Pakistan, types of climate in the country, and their
relationship with crop and livestock production.
4. Role of agricultural extension in current and future agriculture in Pakistan. Issues and
challenges in the agricultural extension system and measures to improve. Agricultural
research system of Pakistan; strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats.Use of
information and communication technologies in Agriculture.
5. Role of Indus Basin Irrigation systems in the development of agriculture in
Pakistan.Indus-Basin Water Treaty and associated pros and cons. Irrigation methods;
advantages and limitations.Current and future scope of farm mechanization in Pakistan.
6. Use of bio-fertilizers, biopesticides and natural products in crop production systems,
associated challenges and ways forward. Weeds-crop interference.Competition and
allelopathicinteractions.
7. Biological N fixation and factors affecting biological N fixation. Transgenic plants,
2 2
opportunities and risks involved.
8. Potential and future threat to agro-forestry. Comparison of various agro-forestry
systems used in Pakistan. National forest policy and other land use policies.

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9. Different methods of food processing and preservation.Value addition in food and its
impacts. Food tests, contamination and its control measures. Basic nutrition requirements
and diseases associated with nutrition. Sustainable livestock production, scope of livestock
in agriculture.
10. Reasons of decline in agriculture production in Pakistan.Land tenure systems and
land reforms in Pakistan.
SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Bohlen, P.J. and G. House. 2010. Sustainable Agroecosystem Management:
Integrating Ecology, Economics, and Society, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
2. Byerlee, D. and T. Hussain. 1992. Farming Systems of Pakistan. Vanguard Books,
Lahore, Pakistan.
3. Chauhan, B.S. and G. Mahajan.2015. Recent Advances in Weed Management, LLC,
233 Spring Street, New York, NY 10013, USA.
4. Cheema, Z.A. and M. Farooq. 2007. Agriculture in Pakistan: Ideological and
Pragmatic Perspective. Allied Book Centre, Urdu Bazar Lahore, Pakistan.
5. Cheema, Z.A., M.Farooq and A. Wahid. 2013. Allelopathy: current trends and future
applications. Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg 69121, Germany.
6. Farooq , M. And K.H.M. Siddique. 2016. Innovations in Dryland Agriculture. Springer
International Publishing Switzerland.
7. Farooq, M. and K.H.M. Siddique. 2015. Conservation Agriculture. Springer
International Publishing Switzerland.
8. Khan, S.R.A. 2001. Crop Management in Pakistan with focus on soil and water.
Directorate of Agricultural Information, Lahore, Pakistan.
9. Napier, T.A . 2000. Soil and Water Conservation Policies: Successes and Failures.
CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
10. Nazir, M.S. 1994. Crop Production. National Book Foundation, Islamabad, Pakistan.
11. Rafique, M. 2005. Irrigation and Drainage Practices. University of Agriculture,
Faisalabad, Pakistan.
12. Steward, G.F., M.A. Amerine, B.S. Schweigert and J. Hawthorn. 2001. Introduction to
Food Science and Technology. 3rdEdition . Academic Press, NY, USA.

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SYLLABUS PMS (OPTIONAL SUBJECTS)

AGRICULTURE

PAPER-II Total Marks: 100

1. Soil formation and soil profiles. Management practices to improve the soil
health.Types of problem soil and their management.Significance of soil organic matter in
agriculture.Reasons of low soil fertility in Pakistan and measures to improve that.
Integrated plant nutrition management systems.Application of GIS and remote sensing in
soil survey.
2. Principle of field crop production. Major field crops of Pakistan. Concept and
perspective of seed technology in modern agriculture.Seed multiplication and distribution
systems in Pakistan.Seed legislation in Pakistan. Tillage: its objectives and types.
Sustainable agriculture. Integrated weed management systems for field crops. Crop
rotations; principles and types.
3. Crop improvement tools.Types of breeding methods and strategies.Process of varietal
development and approval.Role of biotechnology in crop improvement programs.
Techniques of developing transgenic plants and scope of transgenic approach in plant
breeding.
4. Major insect pests of important agricultural crops.Principles and methods of insect-
pest control.Impact of climate change and transgenic plants on the beneficial insects and
biodiversity.Entomological industries; apiculture, sericulture and Lac-culture.Types of
agriculture pollution and its management.Hazards and safety measures of
insecticides.Integrated insect-pest management.
5. Causes, nature of losses and economic importance of plant diseases. Integrated
disease management.Requirements and problems in mushroom cultivation in
Pakistan.Classification, propagation, management practices and post-harvest handling of
fruits and vegetables. Flower industry in Pakistan; its scope and strategies to improve it.
Production of medicinal plants in Pakistan, associated challenges and
opportunities.Management practices and marketing of fruit and ornamental plant nurseries.

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SUGGESTED READINGS

1. Acquaah, G. 2008. Horticulture: Principles and Practices, 4thEdition. Pearson
Education, New York, USA.
2. Anonymous. 2002. Soil Survey Manual. USDA, University Press of the Pacific,
Washington DC, USA.
3. Basra, A.S. 2006. Handbook of Seed Science and Technology. Food Products
Press, New York, USA
4. Ezlinga, R.T. 2003. Fundamentals of Entomology. Prentice Hall, London, UK.
5. Farooq, M. and K.H.M. Siddique. 2015. Conservation Agriculture. Springer
International Publishing Switzerland.
6. Martin, J.H., R.P. Waldren and D.L. Stamp. 20016. Principles of Field Crop
Production, 4th Ed., the Macmillan Co., New York.
7. Mengel, K and E.A. Kirkby. 2001. Principles of Plant Nutrition. 5th Edition. Kluwer
Academic Publication, Dordrecht, the Netherlands.
8. Nazir, M.S. 1994. Crop Production. National Book Foundation, Islamabad,
Pakistan.
9. Singh, B.D. 2003. Plant Breeding: Principles and Methods. Kalyani Publishers, New
Delhi, India.
10. Singh, S . S. 2008. Principles and Practices of Agronomy. 3rd Ed., Kalyani Pub.,
New Delhi.
11. Soil Survey of Pakistan Reports, Pakistan.

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SYLLABUS PMS (OPTIONAL SUBJECTS)

ANTHROPOLOGY
Total Marks: 100

1. INTRODUCTION
a. Definition of Anthropology, its historical development and recent trends
b. Relationship of Anthropology with other social disciplines

2. SUB-FIELDS OF ANTHROPOLOGY
a. Archaeology
b. Ethnology
c. Linguistic Anthropology
d. Sociocultural Anthropology
e. Biological Anthropology

3. MAIN FOCUS OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL STUDIES
Social Anthropology
a. Culture
Definition of culture, its characteristics and functions
b. Institutions of Family and Marriage
Definitions, Types, Structures, Functions, Incest Taboo & its theories,Family
Organization, Residence Rules
c. Kinship and Social Organization
Definitions, Kinship Terminology, Types, Functions, Systems of Descent, Kin
Naming Systems
d. Economic Organization
Definitions, Evolution of Economic systems e.g. Durheim’s organic and
Mechanical solidarity, Formalist and Substantivist approaches, Reciprocity and
Gift, Cultural construction of economic system, The anthropology of corporate
capitalism, Barter system, Primitive economic system, Neo-Substantivism and
capitalism as a cultural system, Modernization theory, World system analysis.

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e. Political Organization
Definitions, Evolution of Political system, Characteristics of {Clan, Band,
Phratry, Chiefdom, Tribal and State Societies}, Theories of origin of State
Societies {Internal and External conflict theories, Population and irrigation
theories, Global system theories}, Origin of Civilization, Politics of Identity,
Ethnicity and Ethnic relations, Nationalism, Modernism, Post-modernism
f. Religion
Definitions and Theories, Anthropology of belief, Religious entities, Religious
Symbols, Myth, Religious ritual, Rites of passage, World Religions, The
diversity of religious violence, Fundamentalisms in cross-cultural perspective,
Comparison of Divine Religions.
g. Contemporary Human Problems
Poverty, Social Inequality, Political instability, Population problems, Ethnic
violence and Terrorism.

4. SOCIO-CULTURAL CHANGE
Definitions, difference between social and cultural change, Various dimension
of cultural change, Barriers to cultural change including {culture, psychological and
political}, Internal and External dynamics of change, Population increase and change,
Diffusion of innovations, Socio-religious barriers in accepting the innovations and new
ideas, Media and cultural change, Dynamics of change in Pakistan (Trends and
prospects)

5. ANTHROPOLOGICAL THEORIES
a. Classical Theories:
Degenerations, Evolutionism, Neo-Evolutionism, Diffusionism
b. Modern Theories:
Functionalism,Structural-Functionalism, Class struggle, Structuralism, Historical
Particularism, Feminism, Culture and Personality

c. Current Trends in Anthropological Thoughts:
Post Modernism, Romanticism, Poetics and Politics of Ethnography

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d. Contributors:
Akbar S. Ahmad, Alfre Reginal Radcliffe-Brown, Alfred L. Krobber, Bronislaw
Kasper Malinowski, Clifford Geertz, Edmund Leach, Edward BurnettTaylor,
Franz Boas, Ibn-e-Khaldun, James Jorge Frazer, Karl Marx, Lewis Henry
Morgan, Margaret Mead, Ruth Benedict, TalalAsad

6. ANTHROPOLOGICAL RESEARCH METHODS
a. Meaning, Definitions, Types and Aims of Anthropological Research
b. Qualitative and Quantitative Research
c. Purpose of Research, Research question, Variables, Hypothesis, Research
Objectives, Research design, Sampling, Field Data collection, Tools of
Data collection, (Questionnaire, Interview, Participant Observation), Data
classification, Data analysis and reporting.

7. ANTHROPOLOGY OF HERITAGE
a. World Heritage sites in Pakistan
b. Convention for the Safeguarding of the Cultural Heritage by UNESCO
c. Nominating process of Cultural Heritage
d. Legal status of designated sites. Antiquities Act.

SUGGESTED READINGS
1. Ahmed, Akbar S. (1986). Pakistan Society: Islam, Ethnicity and Leadership in
South Asia. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
2. Asad, Talal (editor). (1973).Anthropology & the Colonial Encounter. London:
Ithaca Press.
3. Barnard, Alan. (2000).History and Theory in Anthropology. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press.
4. Benedict, Ruth. (1934).Patterns of Culture. Boston, New York: Houghton Mifflin
Company.
5. Bernard, H. Russell (update edition), (2002) Research Methods in anthropology.
Walnut Creek, CA: AltaMira Press.
6. Bernard, H. Russell (update edition). (2002)Research Methods in
Anthropology.Third edition. Walnut Creek, CA: Alta Mira Press.
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7. Boas, Franz. (1940).Race, Language and Culture. New York: Macmillan. Edition.
[orig. 1922]
8. Eriksen, Thomas Hylland. (2004). What is Anthropology? London: Pluto Press.
9. Evans-Pritchard, E.E. (1964).Social Anthropology and Other Essays, combining
Social Anthropology and Essays in Social Anthropology. New York: Free Press of
Glencoe.
10. Geertz, Clifford. (1973).The Interpretation of Cultures. New York: Basic Books.
11. Guest, Kenneth J. (2016). Essentials of Cultural Anthropology, New York: W. W.
Norton & Company, Inc.
12. Haviland, Prins, Walrath. (2007).Introduction to Anthropology. Mc Bride.
13. Kottak, Onrad Phillip. (2008). Cultural Anthropology, McGraw-Hill.
14. Levi-Strauss, Claude. (1963).Structural Anthropology. New York: Basic Books
[orig. 1958].
15. Lewellen, Ted C. (2003). Political Anthropology: An Introduction, New York:
Praeger Publishers.
16. Malinowski, Bron is law. (1961).Argonauts of the Western Pacific: An Account of
Native Enterprise and Adventure in the Archipelagoes of Melanesian New
Guinea.Waveland reprint
17. Mauss, Marcel, (1954)TheGift: Forms and Functions of Exchange in Archaic
Societies.Glencoe, IL: Free Press. [orig. 1925].
18. Mead, Margaret. (1928).Coming of Age in Samoa: A Psychological Study of
Primitive Youth for Western Civilization. New York: W. Morrow & Co.
19. Moore, Jerry D. (2009), Visions of Culture: An Introduction to Anthropological
Theories and Theorists: New Yark: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Ine.
20. Murdock, George. (1949).Social Structure. New York: The Macmillan Co. Radcliffe-
Brown, A.R. (1952).Structure and Function in Primitive Society; Essays
andAddresses.Glencoe, IL: The Free Press.
21. Scup in, Raymond &De Corse, Christopher R. (2012). Anthropology: A Global
Perspective, 7th ed. New York: Nancy Roberts.
22. Scupin, Raymond & Decorse, Christopher R. (2012). Anthropology: A Global
Perspective, 7thed. New York: Naney Roberts.
23. Turner, Victor. (1967).Forest of Symbols.Cornell University Press.

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ARABIC Total Marks:100

HISTORY OF ARABIC LITERATURE –( )یثرػ ةدا خیربت

1. The Pre-Islamic Arabic Literature and its salient features.
تبیطوظخ ںبیبوً یک شا روا ملاضا زا لجل ةدا یثرػ
2. Al-Quran and its influence on Arabic Literature. تارثا رپ ةدا یثرػ ےک شا روا ىآرل
3. Literary Movement, Classical Background, Socio-Culture Influences and Modern Trend
in Abbasid period.
تبًبجحر ذیذج ےک یضبجػ رود روا تارثا یثدا یترشبؼه ،رظٌه صپ نیظػ بک شا ،ںیکیرحت یثدا
4. Literary Movements in Undlus Period. ںیکیرحت یثدا یک یطلذًا رود
5. Origin of Modern Literary Style and its Development, including Drama, Novel, Short
Story and Essay with Special Emphasis on the Literature of Al-Mahjer and its
Outstanding Representatives, Jabran Khalil Jabran, Mustafa Lutfi Al Manfaluti, Mikhail
Naimah
رجھه ةدا رپ روط صبخ ،یطیوً ىووضه ،یًبہک رظتخه ،لوبً ،ہهارڈ لووشث یلرت یک شا روا شبضا یک ازاذًا یثدا ذیذج
ہویؼً لئبخیه ،یطولفٌولا یفطل یفطظه ،ىارجج لیلخ ىارجج ،ربکہبش یثدا ںبیبوً ےک شا روا
6. A Short Introduction to Indo-Pak Arabic Literature in the Fields of Prose, Poetry and
Extensive Study of the Works of Ghulam Ali Azad Bilgrami and Shah Wali Ullah.
یک اللہ یلو ٍبش روا یهارگلث دارآ یلػ ملاغ ںارث ذیسه ،فربؼت رظتخه بک ةدا یثرػ ےک ذٌہ و کبپ ےض ظبحل ےک نظً و رثً
ہؼلبطه یؼضوت بک تبهذخ یثدا
RHETORIC –تثبطخ يف
7. Define and explain the following with examples:-
(1) Al-Tashbeeh (2) Al-Istiarah (3) Al-Haqiqah Wal-Majaz (4) Al-Kinayah
ہیبشتلا ہراعتسلاا زاجملاو ہقیقحلا )ہیانکلا(

LINGUISTICS (Arabic Grammar)
8. Define and explain the following with examples:-
-:ںیرک تحبضو ےض ںولبثه روا ںیرک فیرؼت یک لیر جرد
(Mufrad, Musana, Jama, Marifah, Nakrah, Jumlah Ismiyah, Jumlah Faeliyah, Marfooat,
Mansoobat, Majroorat).
تارورجه ،تبثوظٌه ،تبػوفره ،ہیلؼف ہلوج ،ہیوضا ہلوج ،ٍرکً ،ہفرؼه ،غوج ،یٌثه ،درفه
9. Write Essays on: Islam, Al-Quran, Serat-un-Nabi, Quaid-e-Azam
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نظػاذئبل،ﷺ یٰ جٌلا حریض ، ىارملا ، ملاضلاا ۔ےئیھکل يیهبضه
10. Write Applications: For Sick Leave, For Marriage Leave, Leave for Urgent Piece of
Work, For Fee Concession.
یفبؼه صیف ےئارث ،مبک یرورض تظخر ےئارث ،یدبش تظخر ےئارث ،یربویث تظخر ےئارث ۔ےئیھکل ںیتضاوخرد

POETRY – یرػبش
1. Explain in brief two Maullqat complete. ۔ںیل ٍسئبج رظتخه بک تبملؼه ود
(1) Imro-ul-Qais صیملا و رها ہملؼه(2) Antra Bin Shaddad Al-abasi یطجؼلا داذش يث ٍرتٌػ ہملؼه
2. Hazrat Hassaan Bin Sabbit: One Qaseedah from his Dewan:
ےض ىاوید ےکًا ٍذیظل کیا تثبث يث ىبطح ترضح
No.1 “Ma Balu Aine La tanam ” ذهرلاا لحکث بھیلبه تلحک بوً بک مبٌتلا یٌیػ لبث به
3. Write down the Qasidah from Dewan Hazrat Kaab-Ibn Zuhair: “Banat Suaad”
‘‘لوجته مویلا یجلمف دبؼض تًبث’’ ٍذیظل بکریھز يث تؼک ترضح
4. Write down the brief study of following Qasidahs of Abu-Tamam
بٌٌیثرطخی یطخلاو کِ ت رکر ۔۳ ذؼطه يیًبویلا تکرلا غه یوھ ۔۲ یطفً تذف ۔۱

PROSE–رثً
1. Brief study on Khutbah Hajjat ul Wada. عادولا ۃجح ہجطخ(Al Iqd-ul-Fareed).
۔ںیئبهرف ریرحت ذیرفلا ذمؼلا ہلاوحث ٍسئبج رظتخه بک عادولا ہتجح ہجطخ
2. Brief study on “Khutbah Hazrat Abu Bakr Siddiq and Khutbah-Hazrat Ali” (Albayan
wal tabyeen / Al-Jahiz)
عحبجلا ٍدرک ریرحت يیججتلاو ىبیجلا ہلاوحث یلػ ترضح ہجطخ روا كیذط رکثوثا ترضح ہجطخ
3. Brief study on Mustafa Lutfi Al-Manfaluti, with reference to his novel “Al-Haviya” from
his book “Al-Abrat”
ٍسئبج ہًارئبط بک ‘‘ہیوبھلا’’ ىاوٌؼث لوبً کیا ےض تارجؼلا ةبتک یک یطولفٌولا یفطل یٰ فطظه
4. Describe the literary services of Dr. Taha Hussain, with reference to his book
“Alwad-al-haq” ‘‘كحلاذػولا’’ ةبتک یک ىا ہلاوحث تبهذخ یثدا یولػ یک يیطح ہحط رٹکاڈ

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