Table Of ContentPlasticity and Morphology
of the
Central Nervous System
Plasticity and Morphology
of the
Central Nervous System
Edited by
C.L. Cazzullo, E. Sacchetti, G. Conte, G. Invernizzi
andA. Vita
Istituto di Clinica Psichiatrica
Universita degli Studi di Milano
Milan, Italy
.
••
~
KLUWER ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS
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British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data
Plasticity and morphology of the central nervous system.
1. Man. Central nervous system. Physiology
I. Cazzullo, C.L. (Cairo Lorenzo)
612'.82
ISBN-13:978-94-0l0-6870-3 e-ISBN-13:978-94-009-0851-2
DOl: 10.1007/978-94-009-0851-2
Copyright
© 1990 by Kluwer Academic Publishers
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1990
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
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Published in the United Kingdom by Kluwer Academic Publishers,
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Kluwer Academic Publishers BV incorporates the publishing programmes of D. Reidel,
Martinus Nijhoff, Dr W. Junk and MTP Press.
Lasertypeset by Martin Lister Publishing Services, Carnforth, Lanes.
Contents
Preface viii
List of Contributors ix
SECTION 1: SCHIZOPHRENIA: THE IMPACf OF NEUROIMAGING
TECHNIQUES
1. Structural and developmental abnormalities in schizophrenia
assessed with MRI
N.C. Andreasen, I.e. Ehrhardt, v.w. Swayze II, w.T.e. Yuh, N.
Blakley and S. Ziebell 3
2. Brain morphology in schizophrenia by magnetic resonance imaging
A. Ross~ P. Stratta, V. Di Michele, M Gallucc~ A. Splendian~ R.
Passariello and M Casacchia 13
3. Brain density patterns in schizophrenia
e.
A. Vita, Sina, E. Sacchem G. Valvassori, A. Calzeron~ G.M.
Giobbio, G. Invernizz~ V. Bernasconi and C.L. Cazzullo 21
4. Lateral ventricular size and clinical features in schizophrenia
C. Maggin~ M Guazzell~ S. Starnin~ M Ardito, L. Ros~ F. Busoni
and E. Camerini 33
5. Hippocampal metabolic function in schizophrenia
CA. Tamminga, K Lyons, S.K Kuo and G.K Thaker 43
SECTION 2: AFFECTIVE DISORDERS: THE IMPACf OF
NEUROIMAGING TECHNIQUES
cr
6. and MRI findings in affective disorders: clinical and research
implications
HA. Nasrallah, lA. Coffman and S.e. Olson 53
7. Neuromorphological correlates of mood disorders: focus on
cerebral ventricular enlargement
E. Sacchem A. Vzta, A. Calzeron~ G. Conte, F. Pollastro, A. Te1Z~
G. Valvassori, G. Invernizzi and e.L. Cazzullo 63
8. Brain imaging with positron emission tomography in affective
illness
e.
MS. Buschsbaum and I. Wu 73
v
9. The impact of starvation on brain morphology and function in
eating disorders
W. Schreiber, C. Laver, KM PUke, HM Emrich, G. Leinsinger,
EA. Moser and 1. C. Krieg 83
SECTION 3: THE IMPACf OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGICAL STUDIES IN
PSYCHIATRY
10. Neurometric sub typing of depressive disorders
L.S. Prichep, E.R. John, T. Essig-Peppard and K Alper 95
11. Lateralization patterns of verbal stimuli processing in
schizophrenia patients
S. Galderis~ A. Mucc~ M Maj and D. Kemali 109
12. EEG patterns in schizophrenia: a familial study
C. Colombo, O. Gambin~ F. Macciard~ M Locatell~ G. Calabrese
and S. Scarone 117
13. Some aspects of psychophysiological studies in psychiatry
1. Saarma, G. Morozow and N. Zharikov 125
SECTION 4: THE IMPACf OF GENETIC STUDIES IN PSYCHIATRY
14. Genetic marker studies in schizophrenia
L.E. DeLisi 133
15. Amish study of genetics of affective disorders
JA. Egeland 147
16. Affective disorders segregation structures according to clinical and
pharmacological features
E. Smerald~ M. Gasperini, F. Macciard~ A. Orsin~ M. Provenza, G.
Sciuto and C. Bussoleni 159
17. Psychiatric disorders in families of phenylketonuric patients
E. Smerald~ F. Macciard~ M. Lepora~ O. Gambin~ A. Orsini, C.
Fara, R. Valsasina and E. Riva 169
SECTION 5: PLASTICITY AND VULNERABILITY OF THE CNS IN
PSYCHIATRIC DISORDERS
18. Neuronal plasticity in the central nervous system: a
pharmacological approach
A. Consolazione 177
vi
19. A neurodevelopmental perspective on some epiphenomena of
schizophrenia
RM. Murray, MJ. Owen, R Goodman and S. W. Lewis 185
20. Clinical investigations of plasma homovanillic acid concentrations
M. Davidson, R Kaminsky, S. laft, N. Runyon and KL. Davis 203
21. Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and psychoses
A. Bocchetta, M. Del Zompo and G. U. Corsini 211
22. Early separation events and noradrenergic status during major
depression
G. Conte, A. Ca1zeron~ A. Pennati, A Terzi, A. Vua and E. Sacchetti 221
23. Vulnerability and plasticity of monoamine neurotransmitter
systems in affective and personality disorders
LJ. Siever, E.F. Coccaro, M. Davidson, L. Howard, L. Harter and
KL. Davis 231
24. Concluding remarks: plasticity and morphology of the central
nervous system in schizophrenia and affective disorders
C.L. Cazzullo 251
vii
Preface
In the last few years ways of thinking in psychiatry have undergone considerable
change thanks to advances in the fields of morphology and plasticity of the CNS,
particularly with regard to schizophrenic and mood disorders. In addition, the rapid
and considerable development of neuroimaging techniques (CT, MRI, PET and
computerized EEG) and of molecular genetics (through DNA recombinant meth
odologies) have widened the approach to these disorders in a way unimagined a
few years ago.
These advances and the new etiopathogenetic hypotheses that have sprung from
them were the central theme of the Second International Meeting on Schizophre
nia "Morphology and Plasticity of the Central Nervous System - A Challenge for
Psychiatry of the Nineties" which was organized by the Association for Research
on Schizophrenia (ARS), the Schizophrenia Research Center of the Institute of
Psychiatry of the University of Milan and the T. and F. Legrenzi Foundation, held
in Milan on October 22-24, 1987.
This book contains the contributions from participants of the meeting, which
took place in a warm and friendly atmosphere and marked by lively and exhaustive
discussions on the various papers. The contributions were recently revised for the
present publication. We would like to express our appreciation to the book's
contributors for the high quality of their reports.
The Editors
viii
List of Contributors
N.C. ANDREASEN M.DAVIDSON
The University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics Department of Psychiatry
Psychiatric Hospital Bronx VA Medical Center
500 Newton Road 130 W. Kingsbridge Road
Iowa City, IA 52242 Bronx, NY 10468
USA USA
A. BOCCHETTA L.E. DE L1SI
Department of Neurosciences Department of Psychiatry
Clinical Pharmacology School of Medicine
University of Cagliari Health Sciences Center
Cagliari SUNY at Stony Brook
Italy NY 11794
USA
M.S. BUCHSBAUM
Department of Psychiatry and Human J.A. EGELAND
Behavior Amish Study
California College of Medicine North Research Division
University of California, Irvine 49 Sylvania Road
Irvine, CA 92717 Hershey, PA 17033
USA USA
C.L. CAZZULLO S. GALDERISI
Department of Psychiatry Department of Medical Psychology and
University of Milan Psychiatry
School of Medicine First Medical School
via F. Sforza, 35 University of Naples
20122 Milan Naples
Italy Italy
C.COLOMBO C.MAGGINI
Department of Psychiatry Head, 3rd Psychiatry Clinic
University of Milan University of Bologna
School of Medicine Bologna
via F. Sforza, 35 Italy
20122 Milan
Italy R.M.MURRAY
University of London
A. CONSOLAZIONE Institute of Psychiatry
FiOlA Research Laboratories De Crespigny Park
Abano Terme, PO Denmark Hill
Italy London SE5 8AF
UK
G.CONTE
Department of Psychiatry
University of Milan
School of Medicine
via F. Sforza, 35
20122 Milan
Italy
ix
H.A. NASRALLAH W. SCHREIBER
The Ohio State University Maz-Planck Institute for Psychiatry
Department of Psychiatry Kraepelinstrasse 10
Room 071, Upham Hall 8000 Munich 40
473 West 12th Avenue Federal Republic of Germany
CoIumbuus, OH 43210-1288
USA LSIEVER
Bronx VA Medical Center
LS.PRICHEP 130 W. Knightsbridge Road
Brain Research laboratories Bronx, NY 10468
New York University Medical Center USA
New York, NY 10016
USA E.SMERALDI
Department of Psychiatry
A.ROSSI Head, 3rc! Psychiatry Clinic
Department of Internal Medicine University of Milan
Chair of Clinical Psychiatry Milan
University of L'Aquila Italy
L'Aquila
Italy C.A. TAMMINGA
Maryland Psychiatric Research Center
Y.M.SAARMA PO Box 21247
Director of the Institute Baltimore, MD 21228
Academician of the USSR USA
Academy of Medical Sciences
1199034 Moscow A. VITA
USSR Department of Psychiatry
University of Milan
E. SACCHETTI School of Medicine
Department of Psychiatry via F. Sforza, 35
S. Paolo Hospital 20122 Milan
via Di Rudini' 8 Italy
20142 Milan
Italy
x
SECTION 1:
SCHIZOPHRENIA: THE IMPACT
OF NEUROIMAGING
TECHNIQUES
