Pigmented Ethnic Skin and Imported Dermatoses: A Text-Atlas

515 Pages·2018·87.816 MB·English

by  Constantin E. Orfanos, Christos C. Zouboulis, Chalid Assaf

Constantin E. Orfanos
Christos C. Zouboulis
Chalid Assaf
Editors
Pigmented Ethnic
Skin and Imported
Dermatoses
A Text-Atlas
123
Pigmented Ethnic Skin and Imported
Dermatoses
Constantin E. Orfanos
Christos C. Zouboulis
Chalid Assaf
Editors
Pigmented Ethnic Skin
and Imported Dermatoses
A Text-Atlas
Editors
Constantin E. Orfanos Christos C. Zouboulis
The Free University of Berlin Departments of Dermatology, Venereology,
Medical School Charité Allergology and Immunology, Dessau Medical
Berlin Center
Germany Brandenburg Medical School Theodor Fontane
Dessau
Chalid Assaf Saxony-Anhalt
Department of Dermatology and Venereology Germany
HELIOS Klinikum Krefeld
Krefeld
Nordrhein-Westfalen
Germany
ISBN 978-3-319-69421-4 ISBN 978-3-319-69422-1 (eBook)
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69422-1
Library of Congress Control Number: 2018950137
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Preface
The clinical presentation of skin diseases varies greatly depending on age, body area, the struc-
ture of the skin region involved and the impact of environmental influences such as tempera-
ture, humidity and exposure to UV light. In skin of colour, particularly in heavily pigmented
ethnic populations, diagnosis of skin disease requires particular knowledge and experience of
the attending dermatologist. Also the probability for any physician to be challenged by seen
dermatoses in patients with pigmented skin or in travellers with white skin imported from hot
climate zones has markedly increased during the last decade due to vivid tourism, increased
migration and ongoing globalisation. Thus, it appeared to us timely to elaborate and improve
the knowledge on dermatoses in pigmented skin among physicians not only in areas where
these disorders originally occur but also in geographic regions they only rarely occurred in the
past and remained often late recognised.
A most important educational instrument in dermatology is clinical photography. The con-
tributing authors and the editors of this volume focussed their attention to carefully select
representative clinical pictures of high educational value, based on their own long-term clinical
and diagnostic experiences with patients of diverse ethnic background. This Text-Atlas of
Diseases in Pigmented Ethnic Skin and Imported Dermatoses is divided into several compre-
hensive chapters covering a large spectrum of dermatological disorders in pigmented skin,
presenting a brief introduction on their epidemiology and pathogenesis with emphasis on the
peculiarities of their clinical pictures and possible management.
Our sincere hope is that this book will help the readers, both in developing and in developed
countries, to get familiar with the diagnosis of such entities and facilitate their management.
We would like this book to join all those who offer their medical services to patients with pig-
mented skin in solving any of their doubts and provide proper care. Finally, we truly hope that
the Text-Atlas will become useful not only to our colleagues dermatologists but also to physi-
cians of other disciplines who are interested in skin diseases. We are deeply grateful to all
those who have contributed in this endeavour.
Berlin, Germany Constantin E. Orfanos
Dessau, Germany Christos C. Zouboulis
Krefeld, Germany Chalid Assaf
v
Contents
1 Diseases in Pigmented Skin: An Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Constantin E. Orfanos
2 Contact Dermatitis in Skin of Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Zbigniew Ruszczak and Shaden Abdelhadi
3 Atopic Dermatitis in Skin of Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Zamambo N.C. Mkhize and Ncoza C. Dlova
4 Bacterial Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Stefano Veraldi, Luisa Carlotta Rossi, and Emilio Berti
5 Superficial Fungal Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Mohamed Taha and Adel Botros Zaghloul
6 Subcutaneous and Deep Fungus Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Pietro Nenoff, Mohamed Taha, and Peter Mugisha
7 Viral Infections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69
Sawko W. Wassilew
8 Sexually Transmitted Infections in Dark Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Vishal Gupta, Adel Botros Zaghloul, and Somesh Gupta
9 Cutaneous Leishmaniasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Mansour Nassiri Kashani, Ali Khamesipour, and Alireza Firooz
10 Mycobacterioses in Pigmented Ethnic Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Federica Dassoni and Bernard Naafs
11 Leprosy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 117
Alireza Firooz, Mansour Nassiri Kashani, Lila Izadi Firouzabadi,
and Mohammad Shizarpoor
12 Endemic Treponematoses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127
Valeska Padovese
13 Onchocerciasis and Lymphatic Filariasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
Achim Hoerauf and Anna Albers
14 Cutaneous Manifestations of Schistosomiasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
Joachim Richter
15 Insect Bites, Tick Bites, and Stings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
Valeska Padovese, Federica Dassoni, and Christos C. Zouboulis
16 Infestations and Parasitoses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Christos C. Zouboulis and Federica Dassoni
vii
viii Contents
17 Ulcers in Hot Climate Zones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Federica Dassoni
18 Acne in Dark Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 203
Christos C. Zouboulis, Emeka Okoro, and Raj Kubba
19 Hidradenitis Suppurativa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Christos C. Zouboulis and Mankul Goyal
20 Rosacea in Dark Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229
Uwe Wollina, Adebola Ogunbiyi, Shyam B. Verma,
and Karalikkattil T. Ashique
21 Psoriasis in Skin of Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 241
Leah A. Cardwell, Chelsea Kesty, Steven R. Feldman, and Amy J. McMichael
22 Parapsoriasis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Constantin E. Orfanos
23 Lichen Planus and Lichenoid Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 261
Mohamed Badawy Abdel-Naser
24 Urticaria and Angioedema in Skin of Color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Uwe Wollina, Shyam B. Verma, and Karalikkattil T. Ashique
25 Vitiligo and Leukodermas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 279
Mohamed Badawy Abdel-Naser and Constantin E. Orfanos
26 Facial Pigmentary Disorders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 293
Marwa Abdallah
27 Erythema Multiforme and Stevens- Johnson Syndrome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 303
Mohamed Badawy Abdel-Naser
28 Bullous Diseases in Dark Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 311
Anes Yang, Emily K. Kozera, and Dédée F. Murrell
29 Noninfectious Granulomas in Pigmented Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 327
Nour Kibbi and Abdul-Ghani Kibbi
30 Lupus Erythematosus in Pigmented and Black Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335
Evelina Buinsauskaité and Constantin E. Orfanos
31 Dermatomyositis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 343
Peter B. Chansky, Lavanya Mittal, Cord Sunderkötter, and Victoria P. Werth
32 Drug Eruptions in Pigmented Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 353
Baraka M. Chaula
33 Behçet’s Disease . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 361
Erkan Alpsoy
34 Nail Disorders in Dark Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 369
Moetaz El-Domyati and Noha H. Moftah
35 Disorders of the Scalp and Hair . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 385
Marwa Abdallah and Constantin E. Orfanos
36 Tumors in Pigmented Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
Chalid Assaf, Alice U. Amani, Egemen Yildiz, and Sam T. Hwang
37 HIV-Infection and Associated Dermatoses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 415
Baraka M. Chaula
Contents ix
38 Kaposi’s Sarcoma . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 429
Alice U. Amani and Constantin E. Orfanos
39 Epidermolysis Bullosa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 441
Mourad Mokni
40 Inherited Ichthyoses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449
Mourad Mokni
41 Oculocutaneous Albinism . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 463
Constantin E. Orfanos
42 Scleroderma in Pigmented Skin Populations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 471
Lee Shapiro, Lesley Ann Saketkoo, and Virginia D. Steen
43 Dermatoses in Pregnancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 481
Jaheersha Pakran and Anwar Al Hammadi
44 Use and Misuse of Cosmeceuticals and Cosmetic Procedures
in Pigmented Ethnic Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 493
Medhat Abdelmalek
45 Steroid-Modified Dermatophytosis: A Potential Epidemic
in Developing Countries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 503
Shyam B. Verma and Anupam Das
46 Cutaneous Manifestations of Torture and Intentional Abuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 509
Coleen Kivlahan, Jan Gutermuth, and Karlijn Clarysse
47 Lasers in Pigmented Skin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 519
Luis Torezan
Contributors
Marwa Abdallah, M.D. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Ain Shams University,
Cairo, Egypt
Shaden Abdelhadi, MD, FAAD, FEADV, FESPD Department of Dermatology and Allergy,
Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi, UAE
Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Brussels (UZ Brussels), The Free
University of Brussels (VUB), Brussels, Belgium
Medhat Abdelmalek, M.D. Consultant Dermatologist and Venereologist, Amman, Jordan
Mohamed Badawy Abdel-Naser, M.D. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Ain
Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Erkan Alpsoy, M.D. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Akdeniz University
School of Medicine, Antalya, Turkey
Alice U. Amani, M.D. Service de Dermatologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Kigali,
Rwanda
Karalikkattil T. Ashique, M.D., MBBS, DDVL Department of Dermatology, Kims Alshifa
Hospital, Perinthalmanna, Kerala, India
Chalid Assaf, M.D. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, HELIOS Klinikum
Krefeld, Krefeld, Germany
Emilio Berti, M.D. Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, Università degli
Studi di Milano, I.R.C.C.S. Foundation, Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan,
Italy
Evelina Buinsauskaité, Ph.D. Dermatovenereologist, Kaunas, Lithuania
Leah A. Cardwell, M.D. Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of
Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
Peter B. Chansky, B.A. Corporal Michael J. Crescenz Veterans Affairs Medical Center,
Philadelphia, PA, USA
Department of Dermatology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania,
Philadelphia, PA, USA
Baraka M. Chaula, M.D. Dermatology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Mbeya Zonal
Referral Hospital, Mbeya, Tanzania
Karlijn Clarysse, M.D. Department of Dermatology, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Vrije
Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
Anupam Das, Ph.D. Department of Dermatology, KPC Medical College and Hospital,
Kolkata, West Bengal, India
xi
xii Contributors
Federica Dassoni, M.D. Ospedale Alessandro Manzoni, Lecco, Italy
Ncoza C. Dlova, M.B., Ch.B., F.C.Derm., Ph.D. Department of Dermatology, Nelson R
Mandela School of Medicine, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
Moetaz El-Domyati, M.D. Department of Dermatology, STDs and Andrology, Al-Minya
University, Al-Minya, Egypt
Steven R. Feldman, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University
School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
Alireza Firooz, M.D. Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and Leprosy, Tehran
University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mankul Goyal, M.D. Delhi Dermatology Group, Kubba Clinic, New Delhi, India
Somesh Gupta, M.D., DNB, MNAMS Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All
India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
Vishal Gupta, MBBS, M.D. Department of Dermatology and Venereology, All India Institute
of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
Jan Gutermuth, M.D. Department of Dermatology, Universitair Ziekenhuis, Vrije
Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
Anwar Al Hammadi, M.D., F.R.C.P.C., F.A.A.D. Department of Dermatology, Dubai Medical
Center, Dubai, UAE
Achim Hoerauf, M.D. Institut für Med. Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Parasitologie,
Deutsches Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Bonn, Germany
Sam T. Hwang, M.D., Ph.D. Department of Dermatology, University of California Davis
School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, USA
Lila Izadi Firouzabadi, M.D. Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and
Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mansour Nassiri Kashani, M.D. Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and
Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Chelsea Kesty, BS. Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine,
Winston-Salem, NC, USA
Ali Khamesipour, BSc, MSPH, Ph.D Center for Research and Training in Skin Diseases and
Leprosy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abdul-Ghani Kibbi, M.D., F.A.C.P. Department of Dermatology, American University of
Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
Nour Kibbi, M.D. Department of Dermatology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
Coleen Kivlahan, M.D., M.S.P.H. Department of Family and Community Medicine, Primary
Care Services, UCSF School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA
Emily K. Kozera, M.D. Department of Dermatology, St. George Hospital, University of
South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
Raj Kubba, M.D., FAAD Delhi Dermatology Group, Kubba Clinic, New Delhi, India
Amy McMichael, M.D. Department of Dermatology, Wake Forest University School of
Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA