Phytoplankton Pigments: Characterization, Chemotaxonomy and Applications in Oceanography (Cambridge Environmental Chemistry Series)

892 Pages·2011·33.95 MB·English

by  Suzanne Roy

PHYTOPLANKTON PIGMENTS
Characterization,Chemotaxonomy and Applications in Oceanography
Pigmentsactastracerstoelucidatethecompositionandfateofphytoplanktoninthe
world’soceansandareoftenassociatedwithimportantbiogeochemicalcyclesrelated
to,forexample,carbondynamicsintheoceans.Theyareincreasinglyusedininsitu
and remote-sensing applications, detecting algal biomass and major taxa through
changes in watercolour(associated withchangesin algal pigments).
Thisbookisafollow-uptothe1997volumePhytoplanktonPigmentsinOceanography,
editedbyJeffrey,MantouraandWright(UNESCOPress).Sincethen,therehavebeen
many advances and discoveries concerning phytoplankton pigments and it is widely
recognized–asconcludedbyarecentmeetingsupportedbytheScientificCommitteeon
Oceanic Research (SCOR) – that these should be brought togetherin a new book to
updatetheusercommunity.Thisbookincludesrecentdiscoveriesonseveralnewalgal
classes,particularlyforthepicoplankton,andonnewpigments.Italsoincludesmany
advances in methodologies, including liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
(LC-MS)anddevelopmentsandupdatesonthemathematicalmethodsusedtoexploit
pigmentinformationandextractthecompositionofphytoplanktoncommunities.The
bookincludessevensections:(1)Algalchlorophyllsandcarotenoids,(2)Methodology
guidance, (3) Water-soluble ‘pigments’, (4) Selected pigment applications in oceano-
graphy,(5)Futureperspectives,(6)Aidsforpracticallaboratorywork,and(7)Phyto-
plankton pigments data sheets. Electronic versions of the data sheets, plus extra and
extendedAppendices,arealsoavailableonlineatwww.cambridge.org/phytoplankton.
The book is invaluable primarily as a reference for students, researchers and
professionals in aquatic science,biogeochemistry and remotesensing.
suzanne roy isaProfessorofbiologicaloceanographyattheInstitutdesSciencesdela
MeroftheUniversit(cid:1)eduQu(cid:1)ebeca` Rimouski(Canada)andamemberofQu(cid:1)ebec-Oc(cid:1)ean.
Over the last 20 years, Professor Roy has developed an expertise in the ecology and
physiologyofmarineandestuarinephytoplankton,focusingonvariousaspectssuchas
populationdynamicsofharmfulalgae,environmentalimpactsofaquacultureandozone-
relatedultravioletradiationeffects.ShealsorunsananalyticallaboratoryfortheHPLC
determination of algal pigments and UV-screening compounds. Her current research
interests include the combined influence of climate warming and enhanced UV on
phytoplankton communities, photoprotection and cell mortality in Arctic phytoplank-
ton,andthetransportofnon-indigenousdinoflagellatesinships’ballasttanks.Severalof
theseprojectsarepartofCanada’smajorNSERCResearchNetworkssuchasCAISN
andCFL.ProfessorRoyisamemberoftheScientificCommitteefortheinternational
GlobalEcologyandOceanographyofHarmfulAlgalBlooms(GEOHAB)programme.
carole a. llewellyn is a microbial biogeochemist at the Plymouth Marine
Laboratory, UK. She has over 20 years’ experience in phytoplankton pigments and
UV absorbing compounds. Her research interests are focused on understanding the
roleofphytoplanktonintheoceanandmorespecificallyonmicrobialandfoodweb
dynamics,microbialbiodiversity,communitycompositionandphotophysiology.At
anappliedlevel,herresearchcontributestoeutrophicationandpollutionstudiesand
links with satellite remote-sensing and bio-optics. More recently she has used her
knowledgeonalgae andpigmentstocontribute totherapidlygrowingareaofalgal
biotechnology.
einar skarstad egeland isanAssociateProfessorintheFacultyofBiosciences
and Aquaculture at University of Nordland (formerly Bodø University College),
Norway.Hehasbroadexperienceinorganicchemicalanalysis(chromatographyand
spectroscopy). He is an internationally recognised scientist on carotenoid analysis
from natural sources (mostly prasinophyte algae, but also other algal classes).
Currently, he is involved in several cross-disciplinary research projects related to
marine ecology, aquaculture and seafood quality. He is an active member of the
Marine Ecology Group atBodø University College.
geir johnsen is a Professor of marine biology at the Norwegian University
of Science and Technology, Trondheim (NTNU), and an Adjunct Professor in
marine bio-optics at the University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS), Longyearbyen,
Norway.Hismajorinterestsaretheuseofbio-opticalmethodsintaxonomy,ecology
and physiology of micro- and macroalgae. His main focus in the last 20 years has
beenonphotosynthesis,lightharvestingandutilizationinalgaeandmarineinverte-
brateswithphotosyntheticendosymbionts.Currentinterestsincludenewapproaches
in in situ and remote-sensing techniques for monitoring and mapping of planktonic
and benthic organismsin thewatersurface,watercolumn and sea floor.

CAMBRIDGE ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY SERIES
Serieseditors
P.G.C.Campbell,InstitutNationaldelaRechercheScientifique,Universite(cid:1)duQue(cid:1)bec,
Canada
R. M. Harrison, School ofChemistry,University ofBirmingham, UK
S. J.de Mora, Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Plymouth, UK
All books availablein the series
P. Brimblecombe Air Composition and Chemistry, Second Edition
A. C. Chamberlain Radioactive Aerosols
M. Cresser,K. Killham, and A. Edwards Soil Chemistryand itsApplications
A. Edwards and M. Cresser AcidificationofFreshwaters
R. M. Harrison and S. J.de Mora Introductory Chemistry for the Environmental
Sciences,Second Edition
T. D. Jickellsand J.E. Rae Biogeochemistryof IntertidalSediments
S. J.de Mora Tributylin: CaseStudy ofan Environmental Contaminant
S. J.de Mora, S.Demers, and M.Vernet The Effect of UVRadiation inthe Marine
Environment
S. Roy, E. S.Egeland, G. Johnsen, and C. A. Llewellyn Phytoplankton Pigments:
Characterization,Chemotaxonomy andApplicationsin Oceanography
E. Tipping Cation Bindingby HumicSubstances
D. A. Wright and P. Welbourn EnvironmentalToxicology
PHYTOPLANKTON PIGMENTS
Characterization, Chemotaxonomy and
Applications in Oceanography
Edited by
SUZANNE ROY
Universite(cid:1)duQue(cid:1)beca`Rimouski,Canada
CAROLE A. LLEWELLYN
PlymouthMarineLaboratory,UK
EINAR SKARSTAD EGELAND
UniversityofNordland,Norway
GEIR JOHNSEN
NorwegianUniversityofScienceandTechnology,
Trondheim,Norway
UniversityCentreinSvalbard,Norway
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Informationonthistitle:www.cambridge.org/9781107000667
#ScientificCommitteeonOceanicResearch(SCOR)2011
Thispublicationisincopyright.Subjecttostatutoryexception
andtotheprovisionsofrelevantcollectivelicensingagreements,
noreproductionofanypartmaytakeplacewithout
thewrittenpermissionofCambridgeUniversityPress.
Firstpublished2011
PrintedintheUnitedKingdomattheUniversityPress,Cambridge
AcataloguerecordforthispublicationisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Phytoplanktonpigments:characterization,chemotaxonomy,andapplicationsinoceanography/
editedbySuzanneRoy[etal.].
p. cm.– (Cambridgeenvironmentalchemistryseries) ISBN978-1-107-00066-7(Hardback)
1. Phytoplankton–Composition. 2. Phytoplankton–Chemotaxonomy. 3. Photosyntheticpigments.
4. Algae–Classification. 5. Oceanography–Methodology. I. Roy,Suzanne,1955–
II. Title. III. Series.
QK933.P4962011
579.801776–dc22
2011009229
ISBN978-1-107-00066-7Hardback
Additionalresourcesforthispublicationatwww.cambridge.org/phytoplankton
CambridgeUniversityPresshasnoresponsibilityforthepersistenceor
accuracyofURLsforexternalorthird-partyinternetwebsitesreferredto
inthispublication,anddoesnotguaranteethatanycontentonsuch
websitesis,orwillremain,accurateorappropriate.
This volume is dedicated to Dr S.W. Jeffrey, a pioneer in the development of tools
and knowledge on pigments in ocean environments, and an inspiration and great
help inthe production of thepresentvolume.