Phronimidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Hyperiidea) of the Eastern Pacific

1 Pages·1991·0.94 MB·

by  Shis Chang-Tai

212 MEMOIRS OF THE QUEENSLAND MUSEUM
PHRONIMIDAE (CRUSTACEA: AMPHIPODA; Literature Cited
HYPERIIDEA) OF THE EASTERN PACIFIC Afanas yev. K.1., Flint, M.V. and Fetisoy. A.N. 1989, Popu-
A total of 466 samples of phronimids collected from the lation genetics of two mass species of Pacific Ocean
upper 200m layer of the eastern equatorial Pacific (20°N4 capepods. Oceanology 29; 225-231,
20°S and E of 126°W) and coastal waters of California Boyd, S.H.. Wiebe, P.H. and Cox, 1.L. 1978. Limits of
(33-35°N und E of 122°W) were examined, All species of Nematescelis meaalops in \he northwestern Atlantic in
the Phronimidae were found in the eastern equatorial Pacific relation to Gulf Stream cold core rings. II. Physiological
where Phronima dunbari Shih (1991) and P. bowmani Shih
and biochemical effects of expatrialion. Journal of
(1991)(formerly E. Pacific Form of P. stebbingi and P.
Marine Research 30; 143-159.
colletti respectively [Shih, 1969]) dominated, Only P. seden-
Bucklin, A. and Marcus, N.H. 1985, Genetic differentiation
laria (Forsk&l, 1775), P. atlantica Guerin. 1836, and P.
of populations of the planktonic copepods Labidacera
stebbingi Vosseler, 1900, occurred in the coastal waters of
aestiva. Marine Biology 84: 219-224.
California.
Shih, C.-t., 1969. The systematics and biology of the family
Thesydismtibuptiana oft morrphoilogcical ly similar spe-
Phronimidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda). Dana Report 74:
cies pairs (analogous species, Shih, 1986a) is common in the
eastern. equatorial Pacific, eg. Phronima stebbingi-P. dun- 1-100,
1986a. Longitudinal distribution of oceanic calanoids
bariand P. colletti-P. bawmani of the present study, and there
are examples of chaetognaths, euphausitds and copepods in (Crustacea: Copepoda): an example of murine biagea-
the literature. This plankton distribution pattern is probably graphy. In G. Schriever, H.K. Schminke and C.-1. Shih
related to the complex oceanic circulation of the area where (eds) 8Proceedings of the Second International Confer-
six Currents converge ot diverge (Wyrtki, 1967).
ence on Copepoda9. Syllogeus 58: 105-114.
Eddies from main oceanic currents bring enclosed water
1986b. Biogeography of oceani¢ zooplankton, In A.C. Pier-
from one waler mass to a new environment surrounded by
another water mass, The best known examples are cold core rol-Bults, §. van der Spoel, B.J. Zahuranéc and R.K.
tings of the Gulf Stream (The Ring Group, 1981), The Johnson (eds) 8Pelagic biogeography=. Proceedings of
entrained plankton population is subjected to continuous un International Conference, the Netherlands, 29 May45
decay of the core water duc to increasing dilution by water June 1985. UNESCO Technical Papers in Martine
of the surrounding environment and is under tremendous
Science 49: 250-253,
physiological stress (Boyd et al., 1978: Wiebe and Boyd.
1991, Description of twa new species of Phronima
1978). Pupulations of planktonic species are known to be
different in genetic structure (Bucklin and Marcus, 1¥Y&5)and Latreille, 1802 (Amphipoda: Hyperiidea) with a key to
to be distributed patchily (Wiebe, 1970). Unusual environ- all species of the genus. Journal of Crustacean Biology
mental stress may affect the genetic structure of ap opulation: 14(2): 322-335,
some copepod species in the castern equatorial Pacitic ex- The Ring Group, 1981, Gulf Stream cold-core tings: Their
hibithigher genetic heterogeneity than those in the equatorial
physics, chemisiry and biology. Science 212; 1091-
and tropical central Pacific (Afnas9 yev ef al., 1989),
1110.
The oceanic condition in the eastern equatorial Pacific, the
Wiebe, P.H. 1970. Small-scale spatial distribution in oceanic
general knowledge of oceanic eddies, the biology of 4 popu-
zooplankton. Limnology and Oceanography 15: 205-
lation entrained in an eddy, and diversification of genetic
217.
structure in planklon, strongly support the hypothesis of
Wiebe. P.H. and Boyd §.H. 1978, Limits of Nematascelus
planktopatric speciation in marine zooplankton (Shih, 1986):
meoalapsin the northwestern Atlantic in relation to Gulf
1. entrained population is subject to a different set of biotic
and abiotic stresses; 2. modification of genetic Structure Stream cold core rings. |. Horizontal and vertical dis-
occurs ina segment of the entrained population as a result of tribution, Journal of Marine Research 36; 119-142,
adaplalion Lo new environmental stress; 3. successful propa- Wyrtki, K. 1967. Circulation and water masses in the eastern
gation of the genetically modified segment of population eyualorial Pacific Qeean. International Journal of
leads to formation of a new taxon lollawing 8succeeding Oceanology and Linmology 1: 117-147.
teproductive isolation.
Thus planktopatric speciation probably is the answer to Chang-tai Shih, Canadian Museum of Nature, P.O.
why there are so many analogous plankton species in the Box 3443, Statien D, Orawa, Ontaria, Canada K1P
eastern equatorial Pacific. 6P4,