Photoresponsive Polymers II

216 Pages·2008·5.272 MB·English

by  Harald Hoppe, N. Serdar Sariciftci (auth.), Seth R. Marder, Kwang-Sup Lee (eds.)

214
Advances in Polymer Science
EditorialBoard:
A.Abe·A.-C.Albertsson·R.Duncan·K.Duˇsek·W.H.deJeu
H.-H.Kausch·S.Kobayashi·K.-S.Lee·L.Leibler·T.E.Long
I.Manners·M.Möller·O.Nuyken·E.M.Terentjev
B.Voit·G.Wegner·U.Wiesner
AdvancesinPolymerScience
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PhotoresponsivePolymers II
Volume Editors: Seth R. Marder · Kwang-Sup Lee
Withcontributionsby
C.Andraud·P.L.Baldeck·C.Barsu·H.Chermette
G.D.D’Ambruoso·R.Fortrie·H.Hoppe·D.V.McGrath
N.S.Sariciftci·O.Stéphan
123
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ISBN978-3-540-69452-6 e-ISBN978-3-540-69454-0
DOI10.1007/978-3-540-69454-0
AdvancesinPolymerScienceISSN0065-3195
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VolumeEditors
Prof.SethR.Marder Prof.Dr.Kwang-SupLee
GeorgiaInstituteofTechnology DepartmentofAdvancedMaterials
SchoolofChemistry&Biochemistry HannamUniversity
770StateStreet 561-6Jeonmin-Dong
AtlantaGA30332-0400 Yuseong-Gu305-811
USA Daejeon,SouthKorea
[email protected] [email protected]
EditorialBoard
Prof.AkihiroAbe Prof.Dr.WimH.deJeu
DepartmentofIndustrialChemistry PolymerScienceandEngineering
TokyoInstituteofPolytechnics UniversityofMassachusetts
1583Iiyama,Atsugi-shi243-02,Japan 120GovernorsDrive
[email protected] AmherstMA01003,USA
[email protected]
Prof.A.-C.Albertsson
Prof.Hans-HenningKausch
DepartmentofPolymerTechnology
TheRoyalInstituteofTechnology EcolePolytechniqueFédéraledeLausanne
10044Stockholm,Sweden SciencedeBase
[email protected] Station6
1015Lausanne,Switzerland
Prof.RuthDuncan [email protected]
WelshSchoolofPharmacy
Prof.ShiroKobayashi
CardiffUniversity
RedwoodBuilding R&DCenterforBio-basedMaterials
KingEdwardVIIAvenue KyotoInstituteofTechnology
CardiffCF103XF,UK Matsugasaki,Sakyo-ku
[email protected] Kyoto606-8585,Japan
[email protected]
Prof.KarelDuˇsek
Prof.Kwang-SupLee
InstituteofMacromolecularChemistry,
Czech DepartmentofAdvancedMaterials
AcademyofSciencesoftheCzechRepublic HannamUniversity
HeyrovskýSq.2 561-6Jeonmin-Dong
16206Prague6,CzechRepublic Yuseong-Gu305-811
[email protected] Daejeon,SouthKorea
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EcoleSupérieuredePhysique TUMünchen
etChimieIndustrielles(ESPCI) Lichtenbergstr.4
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VirginiaTech [email protected]
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[email protected]
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Prof.IanManners 01069Dresden,Germany
SchoolofChemistry [email protected]
UniversityofBristol
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Max-Planck-Institut
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Preface
Over the past 25 years or so there has been a revolution in the develop-
mentoffunctionalpolymers.Whilemanypolymersascommoditiesrepresent
huge markets, new materials with a high degree of functionality have been
developed. Such specialty polymers play important roles in our day-to-day
lives.Thecurrentvolumes213and214ofAdvancesinPolymerSciencefocus
onphotoresponsivepolymers. Inparticular polymers thatcaneither change
the properties of a beam of light that passes through them or who change
their properties in response to light. Volume 213 starts with an introduc-
tion to two-photon absorption by Rumi, Barlow, Wang, Perry, and Marder.
In this chapter they develop the basic concepts of two-photon absorption,
and describe structure–property relationships for a variety of symmetrical
andunsymmetrical molecules.Theapplicationsofthesematerials in3Dmi-
crofabrication of polymers, metals, and oxide materials are detailed in the
chapterentitled“Two-PhotonAbsorberandTwo-PhotonInducedChemistry”
contributed by the same group of authors. Then Belfield, Bondar, and Yao
describethemolecules,dendrimers,oligomers,andpolymersthatcanbeex-
citedbytwo-photonabsorptionandtheirapplicationinprocessingmaterials
withthree-dimensional spatialcontrolintheirchapterentitled“Two-Photon
AbsorbingPhotonicMaterials.”Specificallytheydescribethedevelopmentof
symmetrical and polar conjugated materials for two-photonabsorption and
theiruseasphoto-initiatorsfor3Dmicrofabrication.Juodkazis,Mizeikis,and
Misawaalsoexploremultiphotonprocessingofmaterialsintheirchapter,and
providemorefocusontheprocessing aspects ofthesematerials anddiscuss
thestate-of-the-artinresolution.
In Volume 214, Hoppe and Sariciftci describe how organic semiconduct-
ing polymers can be used to produce electrical power when excited by light
in the chapter entitled “Polymeric Photovoltaic Devices.” In particular the
authors review approaches based upon blends of conjugated polymers with
smallmoleculesthatareapproachingapointwheretheycanbeconsideredfor
commercialization. Thisisfollowedby achapter by McGrathand D’Ambru-
osoentitled“EnergyHarvestinginSyntheticDendriticMaterials”wherethey
describedendritic materials thatcanabsorblightacrossvariouspartsofthe
UV–visiblespectrumandfunnelenergydowntoalowenergyabsorber,which
can be useful for a variety of applications including photovoltaics. Finally,
X Preface
BaldeckandAndraudprovideachapterentitled“ExitonicCoupledOligomers
andDendrimers forTwo-PhotonAbsorption,”wherein the conceptsofexci-
toniccouplingaredevelopedandtheirrelevancetomulti-photonabsorption
processesaredescribed.
Theeditorshopethatthesevolumeswillprovidethereaderwithanoverview
ofvariousaspectsofphotoresponsivepolymers.Werecommendthatreaders
alsoexamine othervolumesinthisseriestolearnmoreaboutrelated topics.
In addition the editors thank the authors of the chapters in these volumes
and the staff of Springer for their contribution to these volumes and accept
responsibilityforanyerrorsorinaccuracies.
Atlanta&Daejeon,May2008 S.R.MarderandK.-S.Lee
Contents
PolymerSolarCells
H.Hoppe·N.S.Sariciftci . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
EnergyHarvestinginSyntheticDendrimerMaterials
G.D.D’Ambruoso·D.V.McGrath . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 87
ExcitonicallyCoupledOligomersandDendrimers
forTwo-PhotonAbsorption
C.Andraud·R.Fortrie·C.Barsu·O.Stéphan
H.Chermette·P.L.Baldeck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 149
SubjectIndex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205