Table Of ContentPhotonics, Plasmonics and
Information Optics
Photonics,
Plasmonics and
Information Optics
Research and Technological Advances
Edited by
Arpan Deyasi
Pampa Debnath
Asit Kumar Datta
Siddhartha Bhattacharyya
First edition published 2021
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Typeset in Times
by SPi Global, India
Arpan Deyasi would like to dedicate this book to his wife Munmun
Deyasi and son Saranyo Deyasi
Pampa Debnath would like to dedicate this book to her respected
father, Mr. Parimal Debnath;his mother, Mrs Krishna Debnath; her
beloved husband, Mr. Snehasis Roy; and kid, Master Deeptanshu Roy
Siddhartha Bhattacharyya would like to dedicate this book to Dr Fr
Paul Achandy, CMI, the Honourable Chancellor of CHRIST (Deemed
to be University), Bangalore
Contents
Preface .......................................................................................................................ix
Editors ......................................................................................................................xv
Contributors ............................................................................................................xix
Chapter 1 Foundation, Progress and Future of Photonics, Plasmonics and
Information Optics: Researchers Perspective .......................................1
Pampa Debnath, Arpan Deyasi and Siddhartha Bhattacharyya
Chapter 2 Bandgap Engineering of Sol–Gel Spin-Coated TiO Thin Film on
2
Glass Substrate ...................................................................................13
Soham Lodh and Rajib Chakraborty
Chapter 3 Metamaterials and Metasurfaces for High-Frequency
Applications .......................................................................................31
Somak Bhattacharyya
Chapter 4 Design of Superlens Using 2D Photonic Crystal with
Various Geometries under Polarized Incidence: Design
of Superlens Using 2D Photonic Crystal ............................................67
Moumita Banerjee, Pampa Debnath and Arpan Deyasi
Chapter 5 Investigation on Some Fast Optical/Opto-Electronic Switching
Systems for Implementing Different Modulation Schemes .............101
Minakshi Mandal, Suranjan Lakshan, Debashri Saha, Agnijita
Chatterjee and Sourangshu Mukhopadhyay
Chapter 6 Slotted Photonic Crystal Waveguide: An Effective Platform for
Efficient Nonlinear Photonic Applications .......................................135
Mrinal Sen and Tanmoy Datta
Chapter 7 Performance Evaluation of Raman Amplifier-Embedded Optical
Fibre Communication System at Both Minimum Dispersion and
Minimum Attenuation Windows ......................................................173
Rajarshi Dhar and Arpan Deyasi
vii
viii Contents
Chapter 8 Ultra-Narrowband Optical Comb Filter Using Sampled Fibre Bragg
Gratings ............................................................................................213
Somnath Sengupta
Chapter 9 A Real-Time and Wireless Structural Health Monitoring Scheme
for Aerospace Structures Using Fibre Bragg Grating Principle .......241
Ahsan Aqueeb, Mijia Yang, Benjamin Braaten, Ellie Burczek
and Sayan Roy
Chapter 10 Gap Solitons in Photorefractive Optical Lattices .............................267
Aavishkar Katti and Priya Singh
Chapter 11 Real-Time Numerical Analysis of Photonic Bandgap Structures
Using Finite Difference in Time-Domain Method ...........................289
Rajorshi Bandyopadhyay and Rajib Chakraborty
Chapter 12 Super Achromatic Multi-Level Diffractive Lens: A New Era
Flat Lenses ........................................................................................323
Ekata Mitra and Subhashish Dolai
Chapter 13 Adaptive Repetitive Control of Peristaltic Pump Flow Rate with
an Optical Flow Sensing System ......................................................343
Naiwrita Dey, Ujjwal Mondal and Anindita Sengupta
Chapter 14 Conclusion ........................................................................................359
Pampa Debnath, Arpan Deyasi and Siddhartha Bhattacharyya
Index ......................................................................................................................363
Preface
Of late, there has been an upsurge in the technological developments and current
research trends in the field of photonics and EBG structures. These are promising
areas in the twenty-first century where electronic counterparts are replaced by all-op-
tical devices and components, and henceforth, the latest novel innovations and pro-
posals in the various fields of photonic engineering are assuming greater importance.
Photonic crystals are considered as building blocks in optical circuits and high-fre-
quency communication systems due to their novel ability of restricting electromag-
netic wave propagation in some precise spectra and allowing other spectra.This
feature can be used to design various optical devices and passive components like
optical filters. Metamaterials are now used to improve SNR in optical 2D devices and
antennas which are very important to filter out the signal from a noisy spectrum.
Optical logic gates are rapidly replacing the conventional digital logic gates owing to
superior speed of operation, and this is one of the prime requirements of making
supercomputers. Silicon photonics nowadays are very popular in the low-dimen-
sional device fabrication due to lower cost and existing fabrication technologies, and
thus plays important role in today’s world of photonics. Ultra-fast photonic compo-
nents such as optical modulators and detectors are finding widespread use in estab-
lishing high-speed interconnects.
This volume is an attempt to report the latest research domains in this direction
provided by the experts/researchers in the respective fields with a major focus to high-
light the basic physics as well as progress of the works. Since detailed theoretical/ana-
lytical works are not generally contained in similar type of projects, so that area will be
focused and tinted with major care instead of only providing experimental outputs for
some particular applications.
The volume comprises twelve well versed contributory chapters on the recent devel-
opments in these fields apart from the introductory and concluding chapters.
In the age of quantum computing, where photonic independence is the key for mak-
ing superposition states, the property of the photons leads to the ability of quantum
particles to inhibit two contradictory states at the same instant. Therefore, a major
emphasis is given to utilize this property of photon in realizing information technology
at extremely high-frequency through practical implementation of logic gates, and the
corresponding branch is referred to as information optics. Chapter 1 provides a bird’s
eye view on the latest status of research in photonics and information optics with refer-
ence to an in-depth analysis of optical logic gates.
Chapter 2 discusses the optical characterizations of TiO thin film as-deposited and
2
annealed samples on glass substrate. TiO solution is prepared by sol–gel technique
2
using titanium (IV) iso-propoxide (TTIP), acetic acid and ethanol. Thin films are
deposited by spin coating of the solution on clear glass substrates and annealed at
150oC, 300oC and 450oC for 30 minutes. Ellipsometry measurement reveals thickness
of TiO films to be 87.34 nm for as-deposited samples but goes on decreasing as the
2
annealing temperature is increased. X-Ray diffraction (XRD) exhibits formation of
amorphous TiO thin films for all the samples on the clear glass substrate. It is also
2
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