Table Of Content
‘THE OXFORD SERIES IN ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING
Atel 8, Sadia, Series taitor
Allen andl Hotherg, CMOS Analog Cirout Design, Yad edition
Botnow, Eiemeniary Lurew Circuit Analysis. 2nd elton
Bobros, Fudamertats of tlecricat Engineering, 2ad edition
Burs uad Rubots, An Braduecion to Muced Signal 10 Test and Meosurement
‘Campbell, The Scicnee and Engineering of Microlectcunic Fabrication, 2nd edtion
Chen, Digital Signal Processtag
Chen, Finer Seater Theory ene Design. Sat edition
Chen, Siguats and Sestems, 3rd edition
Comer, Digit! Logic ant Siote Machine Design, dd ection
Comer, Miczopravessor-Kaced System Besign
Cooper ant MeCillem, Probabilistic Mechuds of Signal and System Analysts, Sr aaaion
DeCarlo and Lin, Linear Cirewt Anulsis, 2nd eaition
Dimitijer, Principles of Semiconductor Devices
Dimer, Underscanding Semiconductor Desives
Pormey, Principles of Herzranics: Anaiog ee Digital
Fraacn, Fletric Circuits Fuetementals
nuusi, leerontc Devices ant Circuit: Discrete and Integrated
Gure aad Hisinuslu, Etre Machinery ad Transformers, Srl ediien
Gung and Warrier, blevriead Cvvuite: Anavsie and Design
Hous, Signal Anas in Linear Systems
Jones, troduction re Opvical Fiber Copanunication Stems
Krein, Elements of Power Fieetronics
Kuo, Digital Comet Sratens 3nd edition
Lathe, Zinear Stems and Sigusls.2nd eitfom
Lath, Stade a Digital ond Analog Communivation Seoems, 32} eon
Lai. Signa! Processing and Linear Systems
Manta, Digital Inewyured Cireul Desigh
Miner, ins aad teceromagnenie Field for Engineers
Pochanl, Compuser Architeerare
Parham’, Computer Arithmetic
Roberts aad Sets. SPICE, 2nd eition
Roulsion, A fnraduction 1a the Phases of Semiconductor Desices
Saku, Elements of Eleversenagnaties, $i dition
Santina, Sohbernd, and Hosetes, Digital Control System Deyn, 2nd edison
Suma, fntrecucdan to Electrical Beneering
Sehaurasnn and. Van Valkenburg, Design af Analog Pers
Sotiware and Olikam, Hlecarical Engineering: An Intrortacton. Dnt edition
‘Sadia ued Seat, Microelerronie Circe, Sth edition
Stefani. Swvant, Shahian, ant Heststtr, Design of Feadbact Cantrat Sestoms, 4th edition
Taividis, Operation and Modeling ofthe MOS Transistor, 2nd edition
Van Valkanhur, Anaiog Filer Bevign
‘Wauner and Gunung, Sexicondietar Deciee Elec
Wolmvach, Aurnmatic anmal Sst
Yasiv aad Yeh, Phoranics: Optical Electrons in Sedern Cammamicatines. 6th edcion
Yak, Systems ans! Conrad
Photonics
Optical Electronics in Modern Communications
SIXTH EDITION
Amnon Yariv
California Insite of Technology
Pochi Yeh
University of California, Santa Barbara
ic
New York — Oxfora
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS
2007
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Contents
Chapter 1
Lv
a
re
13
La
4s
2.10
21
22
Chapter 3
30
3A
Preface i
Electromagnetic Fields and Waves 1
Inrosvctioa 3
Maxwell's Equations and Boundary Condivons
Busey Density and Poynting Vector 4
‘Monacheomaric Fields nd Cernphex-hunetion Formals
‘Wave Equations and Monochromatic Plane Waves 8
‘Chromatie Dispersion and Gzoup Velocity 13
Pofarration rates and Representations (Stokes Parameters snd Poincaré Sphere) 12
Blechomaguetic Propagation in Anisotropic Media (Crystals) 30
Plane Waves in Gniasially Aniseizopic Mestit—Phave Rewrdation 35
Tones Matrix Methou. 4
Flementary Theory of Colverence 56
Problems 59
References 65
Rays and Optical Beams 66
Intenduction 64
ay Martioas 66
‘Skew Rays and Reenttunt Rays 72
Ruys in Lemalike Media 73,
‘Wave Equation in Quudraie Index Media and Tourn 77
Gawnsiay Hears in Memugencous Media 74
Bondrmental Gaussian Beam in a Lenslike Medion “Ine ABCD J.aw 83
Gaussian Beams in Leas Waveguide 87
High-Ordev Gaussian Beaen Modes in a Horaogeucoms Mediuca 8
Gaussian Beam Modes in Quadtatic Index Media. 91
Propagation in Media with u Quadcuic Gain Profile 95
Ellie Gaussian ews 97
Beam Propagation and Diffrction Inecgral 99
Prablent 106
Heferences. 109
Guided Waves in Dielectric Slabs and Fibers. 110
Tnrroduction 140
‘Te and TM Confined Modes in Symmotic Slab Waveguides 11
vi Camere
32 Thand TM Confined Modes in Asyramtsic Slab Watepuides 118
33. Stepadea Circular Dielectric Waveguides (Lineutly Polarized
‘Modes in Optical Fibers! 126
3a. Effective Index Theory (97
LS Waveguide Dispersion in Optical Fibers 140
3.6 Antenuution in Sitica Fibers 148
Problems 9
References SB
Additonal Reetioe SS
Chapter 4 Optical Resonators 156
4.0 Triradaction 156
4.1. Eahry-Perot Eason 160)
42. Fabry-Perot Etalons as Optical Specrums Analyzers 17
43° Optical Resonators with Spherical Minors 172
24 Mode Stability Ceiteria 176
45. Modes in a Generalized Resonaoe—Self-Consisteat Method 178
446 Ressmance Frequencies wf Oplical Renemainn 180
4.7 Lawes in Optieal Resonators 182
45 Ring Resonators 184
4.9 Multicavity Btslous 194
4.10 Mode Matching and Coupling Loss 208
Preble, 206
References 209
‘Aiblinonu Reading 210
Chapter 5 Interaction af Rac
5 Inwaduction 2UL
5.1 Atomiv Trurwitions and Eleoiromujmetic Waves 211
52. Atomic Puluricubilty and Dielectric Comtant 243
52 Classical Elsuimon Model 214
54_ Dispersion and Complex Refractive Isdex 216
Uineshape Function Homogeneous and Inhomogeneous Broadening, 221
5.6 ladhiced Transitions Absomption ed Amplification 225
ST Gaia Satucation ia omogencous Laser Mestia 230
58 Gain Satutalion in Inhoaiogeneous Laser Media 232
Prableme 235
References 236
mn and Atomnic Systems 211
Chapter 6 Theory of Laser Oxcillation and Some Specific Laser Systems 237
6. Iniraduetion 237
AL Pabry-Perot Laver 237
62 Oscillation Krequsucy 242
63
64
65
66
67
6a
6o
610
6aL
6.12
Chapter 7
20
nM
72
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16
Chapter 8
80
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84
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86
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Chapter 9
9.0
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v2
Contents
“Theeo- anil Fou-Level Lasers 244
Power ia Laser Ovcillaore 248
Optinues Outpot Coupling in Laser Oscillators 248
“Multimaade Laser Oszilaion snd Mode Locking 254
Mode Locking in Homogencously Brosdencd Laser Systems 265
Pulse Longin Magnrement and Nuzowing of Chirped Pulses 273
Giant Palse (Q-Switehea) Lasers 281
Hole Buming and the | amb Dip in Doppler Broadeuel Gas Lasers 287
Some Specific Laser Systems 290
Frequency Corals und Optical Frequency Metrix 303,
Probleme 30%
Neferences. 38
Additional Keading 312
(Chromatic Dispersion and Polarization Mode Dispersion in Fibers 313
Iateodvetion 313
Chromatic Dispersion in Option’ Trassmission Systerns 223
Opticud Pulse Spreading in Dispersive Media 317
Polarization Effecs ia Opti Thurs, 322
Principal States of Polarization 325
Vector Ansys of Polarization Mods Dispersion 229
High-Onder PMID sand Compensators 346
Probleme 330
References 353
Nonlinear Optics 354
Traduction 384
(Gn the Physical Origin of Nonlinear Polariation 354
Second-Order Nonlinear Phennmens—Gensral Methodalagy 355
Flecrromagaetic Formulation and Optical Sevond-Hatmonic Gencewion 358
Other Sovond-Onter Nontigear Processes 369
‘Quisi Phuse Matching, 377
‘Third-Onder Noainear Optical Processes 380
Siimuated Brillouin Scattering. 387
THour-Wave Mixing and Phase Conjugation 392
Frequency Tuning ia Parametsc Oscillation 399
Frablems 402
References 404
Electro-optic Modulation of Laser Beams 406
Truraduetion 406
Linear Elesre-optie Effect 405
leet-optic Modulaion—Phase, Auplituds 418
High-Frequency Modulation Considerations 427
Electtoabsorption and Electtubsomlion Medulators 43¢
Elecirooptical Eft in Liquid Cryetls 434
Asmusto-eptic Bifect (Photostastic Hffect) 44
Sontering af Light hy Sound 446
rag Diffraction —Coupled-Wae Analysis 450
Bragg Celle and Beam Deflectors $58
Problems Abt
References 463
Chapter 10 Noise in Optical Detection and Generation 465
10.0 Introduction 465,
19.1 Limitations Duc to Noie Power 466
10.2 Noise—Lssic Definitions and ‘Theorems $69
103. Spectral Density Function af Train of Rendomly Qouwting Evens 471
WU4 Shoe Raise $73
305 Johnson Noise 475
10.6 Spontaneous Euviosion Neise in Laser Oxcillaore 479
10.7 Phasor Desivation of Taser Linewidih 484
10.8 Coherence and Interference 491
10.9 Error Probabalty in s Binary Pulse Cade Modulation System 96
Problemy 499
References 500
ion 501
Chapter 11 Detection of Optical Radi
11.0 Tareductinn Sot
ULL Optically Teducedt Tramenion Rates SOL
11.2 Phofomulriptier $03
11.3 Yoise Mochamisins in Photounulipfiens 505
U4 Heterodyne Deteotioa with Paotomulkipliess 507
LS) Photoconductive Deteciss St]
116 Thespen Junction SI?
JLT Sernicanduetor Photwdiodes $21
$18 Avalunche Photodiode 529
11.9 Powor Flustuaron Notse in Lasees 532
Problens 536
References 537
Addition Reuding S38
Chapter 12. Wave Propagation in Periodic Media 539
120. Inteoduction $39
121 Peviadie Media 539
12
23
ipa
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8
27
128
Chapter 13
130
BA
132
Ina
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135
36
Chapter 14
40
Ma
M2
M43
a
45
Chapter 15
150
st
182
153
1s
185
156
187
antents
Periodic Layered Media Bloch Waves 545
Beoge Reflectors $55
CCoupled-Wuve Analysis 560
Periadic Wavepuides 573
Speotral Fitors and Fiher Hrage Granngs $82
(Chirped and Tapered Index Gr
2D and 3D
Problems Xd
References 601
Inroduetion 602
General Properties of Moules 602
Dilecwie Perturhution Theory an Mode Coupling. 607
Coupling nf Tso Parallet Waveguldes—Dircetional Conpler 611
‘Coupling of # Preatil Idention! Wavoguides—Supormedes 618
‘Phase Matching and Frequency Scletive Conpling Multiplexing 622
‘Modo Converters 626
Problems 0
References 632
Nonlinear Optical Effects in Filwrs 632
Introduetion 633,
[Kerr Brtect and Selt-Phase Madulation 633
Cross-Phuise Modulation —Polarization 68
Nonlegenerate Four-Wave Mixing 641
Parlilly Lepenerate FourWuve Mixing, 650
Optical Soliton, 463
Problems 650
Rejesences 671
Semiconductor Lasers—Theory and Applications 673
Tnttodaetion 673
Some Semicimuuctor Physics Background 674
Gain and Ahsorption in Semiconductor (Laser) Media 640,
GaAgGa,_,ALAs Laser O86
Some Keal | sser Stratus 691
Disect Current Modulation of Semiconductor Lasers. 696
Gai Suppression and Frequency Chirp ia Cuneat Moduloted Setaiconuctor Lasers 700
Integrated Optoetectronivs 709
Problemy 111
References T2
x Contents
Chapter 16
160
16.
16a
fey
164
Chapter 17
m9
Wa
172
173
I4
1s
Chapter 18
Ww0
a
182
Appendix A
Appendix B
Appendix ©
Appendix D
Appendix E
Appendis F
Append G
Advanced Semiconductor Lasers 714
Intodaction 714
Carsiexs in Quantuen Wells (Advanced Topic) 715
Gain in Quantum Well Lasers 720
Distributed Peedack Lasers 724
Vertical Cavity Surface Feniting Semivanductor Lasers 733
Problems 745
References 136
Optical Amplifiers 743,
Introduction 728
Scimiconductor Optica! Anupiiers 749
Erbiuut Doped Hibee Amplities. 752
Avpplified Spontaneous Exsission 255
Optical Aamplifuation in Fiber Links 761
Raman Optical Acapliiers 767
Problerse 774
References 778
(Classical Treatment of Quantum Noise and Squevzed 5
Towroduction 778
‘The UInccrtingy Principle sd Quantaun Noise 778
Squeezing of Optical Fields 787
Proftems 795
References 196
ions 797
‘Wave Equation ia Cylindrical Cuondmates and Bestel Fu
Exact Solutions of the Step-Dndex Citcular Waveguide 802
Keotseas Krotig Relalions RIZ
‘Transformation of a Coherent Bleiromaymeti Field by a Thin Lens $17
Peroj Level unu Tis Terapersture Bependancs, 82
ic HAteer in Cubic 43m Crystals 825
Conversion for Power Units and Anteunation Caits 627
lecrno-<
‘Author Tadex: $28
Subject Tadex. 890
