Phonon Scattering in Condensed Matter V: Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference Urbana, Illinois, June 2–6, 1986

420 Pages·1986·13.89 MB·English

by  Professor Ansel C. Anderson

68 Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences
Edited by Manuel Cardona
Springer Series in Solid-State Sciences
Editors: M. Cardona P. Fulde K. von Klitzing R.-J. Queisser
40 Semicondnctor Physics An Introduction 55 The Theory of Magnetism II
3rd Edition By K. Seeger Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
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41 The LMTO Method
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49 Organic Molecular Aggregates, Electronic
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50 Multiple Diffractiou of X-Rays in Crystals 64 Symmetries in Physics, Group Theory
By Shih-Lin Chang Applied to Physical Problems
By W. Ludwig
51 Phonon Scattering iu Condensed Matter
Editors: W. Eisenmenger, K. LaBmann, 65 Phonons: Theory and Experiments II
and S. D6ttinger Experiments and Interpretation of
Experimental Results By P. Briiesch
52 Supercouductivity in Magnetic and Exotic
Materials 66 Phonons: Theory and Experiments m
Editors: T. Matsubara and A. Kotani Phenomena Related with Phonons
By P. Briiesch
53 Two-Dimeusional Systems, Heterostructures,
and SuperJattices 67 Two-Dimensional Systems: Physics
Editors: G. Bauer, F. Kuchar, and H. Heinrich and New Devices
Editors: G. Bauer, F. Kuchar, and H. Heinrich
54 Magnetic Excitations and Fluctuations
Editors: S. Lovesey, U. Balucani, F. Borsa, 68 Phonon Scattering in Condensed Matter V
and V. Tognetti Editors: A. C. Anderson and J. P. Wolfe
Volumes 1-39 are listed on the back inside cover
Phonon Scattering
in Condensed Matter V
Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference
Urbana, Illinois, June 2-6, 1986
Editors: A. C. Anderson and 1. P. Wolfe
With 303 Figures
Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg New York
London Paris Tokyo
Professor Ansel C. Anderson
Professor James P. Wolfe
Department of Physics, University of Illinois,
Urbana, IL 61801, USA
Series Editors:
Professor Dr., Dr. h. c. Manuel Cardona
Professor Dr., Dr. h. c. Peter Fulde
Professor Dr. Klaus von Klitzing
Professor Dr. Hans-Joachim Queisser
Max-Planck-Institut fiir Festkorperforschung, Heisenbergstrasse 1
D-7000 Stuttgart 80, Fed. Rep. of Germany
Local Committee
Anderson, A C. (Chairman); Granato, A V.; Wolfe, J.P. (Chairman); Zabel, H.
International Advisory Committee
Bron, W. E. Bloomington, USA Khalatinkov, LM, Moscow, USSR
Cballis, L. J. Nottingham, UK Kinder, H, Munich, FRG
de Goer, A. M. Grenoble, France Kaplyanskii, A, A Leningrad, USSR
de la Cruz, F. Rio Negro, Argentina Wei-Yen, Kuan Hefei, PRe
Dransfeld, K. Konstanz, FRG Maneval, 1. P. Paris, France
Eisenmenger, W. Stuttgart, FRG Maris, H, J. Providence, USA
Fossheim, K. J. Trondheim, Norway Narayanamurti, V. New Jersey, USA
Harrison, J.P. Ontario, Canada Pobl, R. 0, Ithaca, USA
Hunklinger, S. Heidelberg, FRG Weis,O, Ulm, FRG
Ikushima, AJ, Tokyo, Japan Weiss, K, Schaan, FL
Joffrin, J. Paris, France Wyatt, AF.G, Exeter, UK
ISBN-13: 978-3-642-82914-7 e-ISBN-13: 978-3-642-82912-3
DOl: 10.1007/978-3-642-82912-3
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Preface
This volume contains the proceedings of the Fifth International Confer
ence on Phonon Scattering in Condensed Matter held June 2-6, 1986 at
the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. The preceding confer
ences were held at St. Maxime and Paris in 1972, at the University of
Nottingham in 1975, at Brown University in 1979, and at the University
of Stuttgart in 1983. The Illinois conference dealt with both traditional
and newly developing topics in the area of phonon scattering. Papers were
presented on phonon scattering in glassy and crystalline dielectrics, semi
conductors, metals (both normal and superconducting), and in the areas
of phonon imaging, large wave vector phonons, optical techniques and new
experimental methods. The 12 invited papers and 100 contributed papers
were presented by the 125 scientists from 14 countries.
A citation was presented to Professor Paul Klemens of the University
of Connecticut for his pioneering contributions to the physics of phonon
scattering in solids.
Paul Gustav Klemens
Born - Vienna (1925)
B.Sc. - Sydney (1946)
D.Phil. - Oxford (1950)
National Standards Lab., Sydney (1950-1959)
Westinghouse Research Labs., Pittsburgh (1964-1969)
Univ. of Connecticut (1967- )
Fellow:
American Physical Society
British Institute of Physics & Physical Society
A long career dedicated to the understanding of thermal transport. Few
papers are published on phonon thermal transport that do not reference
his work.
The Conference was generously sponsored by the International Union
of Pure and Applied Physics, the Argonne Universities Association Trust
Fund, the U.S. National Science Foundation, and the Physics Department,
Materials Research Laboratory, and College of Engineering at the Univer
sity of Illinois.
v
The papers in these proceedings underwent a refereeing process which
was mainly undertaken during the conference itself. We are grateful to
L.M. Smith for his help in coordinating this effort. We also wish to thank
Karen Freeman for her untiring help in coordinating the many details of an
international conference. We are very grateful to our colleagues, H. Zabel
and A.V. Granato, for their many contributions to the smooth running of
the program. The staff of the Physics Department at the University of
Illinois provided valuable assistance as did many of the graduate students.
We thank all members of the International Advisory Committee for
their helpful suggestions and recommendations.
Urbana, A. C. Anderson
July 1986 J.P. Wolfe
VI
Contents
Introduction ............................................................ 1
Part I Glassy Materials and Two-Level Systems
Phonon Scattering in Disordered Systems
By A.M. de Goer (With 9 Figures) ................................... 6
The Thermal Conductivity of Amorphous Insulators
By S. Alexander, O. Entin-Wohlman, and R. Orbach ............... 15
The Thermal Conductivity and Specific Heat of Glasses
By C.C. Yu and J.J. Freeman (With 2 Figures) ..................... 20
The Thermal Conductivity Plateau in Disordered Systems
By B. Golding, J.E. Graebner, and L.C. Allen (With 2 Figures) 23
Thermal Properties of Silica Gels. By R. Calemczuk,
A.M. de Goer, B. Salce, and R. Maynard (With 1 Figure) 26
Phonon Scattering in a Sol-Gel Glass
By J.M. Grace and A.C. Anderson (With 1 Figure) ................. 29
Normalized Thermal Conductivity of Amorphous Solids
By J.J. Freeman and A.C. Anderson (With 2 Figures) .............. 32
Thermal Properties of Amorphous Cross-Linked Polybutadiene
By H. v. Lohneysen, E. Ratai, and U. Buchenau (With 2 Figures) 35
Effect of Crosslinking on the Thermal Conductivity of cis-l,4
Poly butadiene
By J.J. Freeman, J.X. Mack, and A.C. Anderson (With 1 Figure) 38
Low-Temperature Thermal Diffusivity in Polyethylene
By Y. Kogure, T. Mugishima, and Y. Hiki (With 2 Figures) ....... 40
The Thermal Conductivity of Several Fluoride Glasses
By K.A. McCarthy, H.H. Sample, and M.B. Koss (With 2 Figures) 43
Phonon Scattering by Low-Energy Excitations and Free Volume
in Amorphous PdCuSi. By H.W. Gronert, D.M. Herlach,
and G.V. Lecomte (With 3 Figures) .................................. 46
VII
Heat Flow in Glasses on a Picosecond Timescale
By D.A. Young, C. Thomsen, H.T. Grahn, H.J. Maris, and J. Tauc
(With 2 Figures) ....................................................... 49
Acoustic Attenuation in Amorphous Pd30Zr70 and CU30Zr70 in
the Superconducting and the Normal State. By S. Hunklinger,
P. Esquinazi, H.M. Ritter, H. Neckel, and G. Weiss
(With 1 Figure) ............................... ......................... 52
Evidence for Two Different Kinds of Two Level Systems in Lithium
Borate Glasses
By J.-Y. Prieur, M. Devaud, and W.D. Wallace (With 3 Figures) .. 55
Dielectric Rotary Echoes in Vitreous Silica
By M. v. Schickfus and G. Baier (With 2 Figures) ................... 58
Hypersonic Phonon Damping in Neutron Irradiated Quartz
By R. Vacher, J. Pelous, N. Elkhayati Elidrissi, and M. Boissier
(With 2 Figures) ....................................................... 61
Ultrasonic Detection of an Energy Gap Change in the N /S
Transition for Trapped H in Nb. By K.R. Maschhoff, E. Drescher-
Krasicka, and A.V. Granato (With 2 Figures) ................. ...... 64
Fast-Time Heat Pulse Measurements in High- and Low-Diffusivity
Materials
By J. Madsen, J. Trefny, and R. Yandrofski (With 3 Figures) ...... 67
Thermal Conductivity of Neutron Irradiated Quartz
By A.M. de Goer, N. Devismes, and B. Salce (With 2 Figures) .... 70
Additional Evidence for TLS in Electron-Irradiated Quartz from
Ultrasonic Attenuation Measurements
By A. Vanelstraete and C. Laermans (With 3 Figures) ............. 73
Measurements of the Low Temperature Sound Velocity at 9.3 GHz
in Neutron-Irradiated Quartz Crystals
By N. Vanreyten and 1. Michiels (With 1 Figure) ................... 77
Thermal Properties of Cordierite Glass. By E. Bonjour,
R. Calemczuk, A.M. de Goer, and B. Salce (With 2 Figures) ....... 80
TLS Spectral Density and Order-Disorder Transition Temperature
in (KBrh_x(KCN)x
By J.F. Berret and M. Meifiner (With 1 Figure) ..................... 83
Part II Electron-Phonon Interactions and Superconductivity
Phonon-Emission Spectroscopy of a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
By M. Rothenfusser, L. Koester, and W. Dietsche (With 4 Figures) . 88
VIII
Thermal Conductivity Resonances in Doped Semiconductors and
Amorphous Materials. By E. Sigmund (With 3 Figures) ............ 91
Damping of Phonons by Metal Particles Embedded in an Insulating
Matrix. By T. Nakayama and K. Yakubo ............................ 94
The Role of the Electron-Phonon Interaction in Phonon Anomalies
in Transition Metals
By K. Schwartzman, J.L. Fry, and P.C. Pattnaik (With 2 Figures) 97
An Ultrasonic Study of e - Induced Defect Complexes in Dilute
AI-Ag and AI-Si Alloys
By E.C. Johnson and A.V. Granato (With 2 Figures) ............... 100
Influence of the Velocity Operator on Magnetoresistances in
Nondegenerate Semiconductors. By C.C. Wu (With 2 Figures) .... 103
Electron-Phonon Interaction Near the Metal-Insulator Transition of
Granular Aluminum
By P. Berberich and H. Kinder (With 2 Figures) .................... 106
Ultrasonic Attenuation in Superconducting Aluminum Containing
Dislocations. By Y. Kogure, M. Sekiya, H. Ohtsuka, and Y. Hiki
(With 2 Figures) ....................................................... 109
Phonons and Thermal Nucleation of the Normal State in
Superconducting Indium Granules. By N. Perrin (With 2 Figures) 112
Part III Phonons in Semiconductors
Phonon-Induced Electrical Conductance in Semiconductors
By K. LaBmann and W. Burger (With 7 Figures) ................... 116
Phonon Scattering by Cr Ions in GaP and InP
By N. Butler, J. Jouglar, B. Salce, L.J. Challis, A. Ramdane,
and P.L. Vuillermoz (With 4 Figures) ................................ 123
Shallow Impurity Levels in Chalcogen-Doped Silicon as Obtained
from Phonon-Induced Electrical Conductivity
By W. Burger and K. LaBmann (With 2 Figures) ................... 126
Acoustic Losses Due to Vanadium in Gallium Arsenide
By P.J. King and 1. Atkinson (With 2 Figures) ...................... 129
Acoustic Properties of n-Type Ge with Donor Pairs
By T. Sota and K. Suzuki (With 1 Figure) .......................... 132
Heat Pulse Attenuation and Magnetothermal Resistance in
Li-doped Si. By A.J. Kent, V.W. Rampton, T. Miyasato,
L.J. Challis, M.l. Newton, P.A. Russell, N.P. Hewett,
and G.A. Hardy (With 2 Figures) .................................... 135
IX
Acoustic Paramagnetic Resonance of Ni in GaAs
By V.W. Rampton and M.K. Saker (With 2 Figures) 138
Ultrasonic Detection of Interstitial Aluminum in Silicon
By W.1. Johnson and A.V. Granato (With 1 Figure) ............... 141
Phonon Spectroscopy of Iron Doped InP
By N. Butler, 1.J. Challis, and B. Cockayne (With 2 Figures) ..... 144
Ultrasonic Velocity and Electrical Conductivity in p-InSb at Low
Temperatures and High Magnetic Fields
By G. Quirion, M. Poirier, and J.D.N. Cheeke (With 4 Figures) 147
Magnetic Field Dependence of Sound Velocity in Sb-doped Ge
By K. Suzuki, K. Asano, and H. Ogiwara (With 1 Figure) ......... 150
Ultrasonic Second-Harmonic Generation in n-Type Piezoelectric
Semiconductors. By C.C. Wu (With 2 Figures) ..................... 153
Phonon Stopbands in Amorphous Superlattices
By 0. Koblinger, J. Mebert, E. Dittrich, S. Dottinger,
and W. Eisenmenger (With 3 Figures) ............................... 156
Part IV Thin Films, Surfaces and Thermalization
Phonon Scattering at Crystal Surfaces by In Situ Deposited Gas
Films. By T. Klitsner and R.O. Pohl (With 3 Figures) ............. 162
Investigation of the Non-Equilibrium Distribution Function of
Acoustic Phonons and Thermal Conductivity of Very Thin Ge
Layers. By E. Vass (With 2 Figures) ................................. 165
Mechanism of Nanosecond Heat Pulse Generation in Metallic Thin
Films. By M.N. Wybourne and J.K. Wigmore (With 2 Figures) ... 168
Phonon Spectroscopy of Adsorbed H 0 Molecules. By L. Koester,
2
S. Wurdack, W. Dietsche, and H. Kinder (With 4 Figures) ......... 171
Thermalization of Ballistic Phonon Pulses in Dielectric Crystals
Below lK Using Time-Resolved Thermometry. By W. Knaak,
T. HauE, M. Kummrow, and M. MeiEner (With 3 Figures) ......... 174
How Specular are Polished Crystal Surfaces?
By J.E. VanCleve, T. Klitsner, and R.O. Pohl (With 2 Figures) ... 177
Phonon Thermalization at Al 0 Surfaces. By L.J. Challis,
2 3
S.V.J. Kenmuir, A.P. Heraud, and P.A. Russell (With 3 Figures) .. 180
Investigation of the Sound Velocity of Very Thin Metal Films
By P. Berberich, P. Hiergeist, and J. Jahrstorfer (With 2 Figures) 183
x